2/18/2013 Dr Dr Y Ye M MyintSwe Director or G Gene neral - PDF document

2/18/2013 Dr Dr Y Ye M MyintSwe Director or G Gene neral DEPARTMENT OF GEOLOGICAL SURVEY AND MINERAL EXPLORATION MINISTRY OF MINES 1 Regional Tectonic setting of Myanmar as a result of collision between Indian and -Asian plates 1

2/18/2013 Record in Myanmar and the Andaman Sea for the Cenozoic oblique convergence of India along Sundaland GIAC (Geodynamics of India Asian Collision) 3 Project work in this region during recent decade. 2

2/18/2013 Hukaung Basin Tagaung-Myitkyina belt Jade Mine belt Mogok Central Metamorphic Magmatic Belt Belt Rakhine Coastal Strip � Shan –Thai Block includes Precambrian to Cretaceous rocks with Slate belt and Mogok Metamorphic belt to the west. This province is southeast continuation of Tibet Plateau. � Central Tertiary sedimentary basins with oil-gas and coal occurrences. The N-S trending Central Magatic Belt at the centre. � Western Ranges- fold-thrust belt with Chin flysch. Western Ranges and Central Lowlands 5 includes northern continuation of Sunda arc. GENERALIZED GEOLOGICAL CROSS-SECTION ACROSS MYANMAR 3

2/18/2013 Three modes of earthquake generation in the Andaman Sea (Schematic tectonic cross-section along Lat 11˚N) E W ANDAMAN SEA INDIAN THAILAND OCEAN Subduction Volcanism Active spreading and transform faulting (TF) Granite Sunda Trench TF TF Basalt Over-riding slab (Basalt) Earthquakes Earthquakes ASTHENOSPHERE Melting ASTHENOSPHERE (to form magma) Subducting Slab 7 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 100 101 102 98 99 28 28 M A E I STATUS OF GEOLOGICAL N Putao 27 27 MAPPING N B F J 26 83 92 26 K O C Myitkyina G K 25 Area extent of Myanmar – 261227 sq miles 25 H L P D Banmauk H L Bhamo Mawlaik 24 Kawlin Muse 24 E I M A E I M Geological mapping area(on ground) ~70% 23 Falam Lashio 23 B F J N B F J N Monywa 22 84 93 102 Mandalay 22 Geological mapping(by the aid of C G K O C G K O C G Kengtung Aerial Photos & RS-GIS techniques) ~30% 21 21 Taunggyi D H L P D H L P D Sittwe Tachileik Magway 20 20 Pyinmana Loikaw A E I M A E I M 19 Pyay Taungoo 19 B F J N B F 18 85 94 18 K O C G K 17 Pathein Yangon 17 Paan L P D H Mawlamyine L 16 16 I M E I 15 15 INDEX F J Mapping before 1996 Dawei 14 86 95 Mapping after 1996 to 2011 14 UNDP GSEP 1974- 78/ JV 1996 G K O 13 Columbo 1973 - 75 13 ECAM 1980-84 Myeik H L P GSI Data 12 12 Image Interpretation E I M 1977 Data 11 11 SCALE F J N 20 0 20 40 60 80 100 Mile 10 96 Kawthaung 10 92 93 95 4

2/18/2013 Geological Map of Geological Map Of Myanmar MINERAL PROVINCES OF MYANMAR Myanmar (1977) (2008), 92° 94° LOHIT 96° 98° 100° 102° THRUST INDIA N L INJU A 28° T 28° O N R T F H THRUST R U S T S U T HIMALAYAN R H T T THRUS NAGA HILLS DISANG SHILLONG MIKIR 26° 26° UPLIFT NAGA CHINA Manipur MOGOK SHAN PLATEAU 24° 24° 22° Mandalay 22° MT. VICTORIA Mt. DOME Popa T H 20° R 20° U S T NINETY EAST RIDGE THAILAND (projective) 18° 18° Yangon Mawlamying 16° 16° ADAMAN SEA 200 km Tin- Tungsten Belts 14° 14° Antimony Belts Lead – Zinc – Silver- Copper Belts Gold- Copper- Iron Belts 12° Ni-Cr-Cu-Au-Pt Belts 12° Iron – Manganese Belt The Precious Stone Belts Oil- Gas and Coal Belts 10° 10° 92° 94° 96° 98° 100° 102° In Myanmar, Mineral occurrences include 1. Metallic ore minerals Iron & metals for steel alloys- Fe, Mn, Cr, Ni, Mo Base & non-ferrous metals – Pb, Zn, Cu, Sn, W, Sb & Ti Precious & rare metals- PGM, Au, Ag, Nb, Ta 2. Industrial minerals & non-metallic raw minerals Chemical & fertilizer minerals- Barite, fluorite, Gypsum, rock salt Ceramic & refractory minerals- clay, limestone, dolomite, feldspar, quartz, glass sand Construction & building materials- Decorative stones, road materials, limestone for cement 3. Preceous & semi-precious Gemstones Ruby, Sapphire, Jade, Diamond, etc 4. Fuel minerals (oil, natural gas, oil shale, coal, 10 5

2/18/2013 DISTRIBUTION OF LEAD-ZINC-SILVER DEPOSIT 92° 94° 96° 98° 100° 102° Panwa (Kachin) 28° Pb,Zn -1.06% 28° N Putao 12.5 million (Possible) Sumprabum Tanaing 26° 26° Myitkyina Bawdwin (Shan North) A I CHINA D N Pb,Zn -5% I Homalin 12.8 million (Probable) Bhamo Shwegu Muse Pinlebu 24° Kawlin 24° Mawlaik Mabein Lashio Mongmit Phaleng(Shan North) Y adanatheingi (Shan North) Haka Thabeikkyin Monywa Mandalay 22° Sagaing 22° Kengtung Sittwe Yamethin Taunggyi L A O S Magwe Paungdaw (Mandalay) Bawsaing (Shan North) 20° Pyinmana 20° Bay of Bengal Loikaw Taungoo Pyay T H A I L A N D 18° 18° Letpadan Shwekyin LonChein(Shan South) Zn - 36% Yangon Kyaikto Mawhki (Kayin) Hpa An Pathein 0.234million (Possible) Zn - 0.3% Mawlamyaing 16° 16° 0.332 million (Possible) Gulf of Matabin Dawei 14° 14° I N D E X Lead Myeik Zinc 12° 12° Silver 10° Kawthaung 10° 92° 94° 96° 98° 100° 102° 20 0 20 40 60 80 100 MIL ES Lead-Zinc-Silver Deposits - more than 100 occurrences of Pb-Zn-Silver mineralization in Myanmar - mineralization occurs as five different styles 1. Volcanogenic massive sulphides type(VMS) at Bawdwin mine 2. Massissippi valley type deposit at Bawsaing mine 3. Cavity filling vein-type in Yadanatheingi mine 4. in veins and skarn type near the contact between granitic rock and marble at Phaungdaw mine 5. Zinc carbonate deposit (secondary deposit) at Long Hken mine 12 6

2/18/2013 Lead deposits zinc deposits Panwa Panwa Yadanatheingi Bawdwin Bawdwin Yadanatheingi Bawsaing Bawsaing Phaungdaw Longhken Phaungdaw 13 Baw dw in Mine The Larg Largest Lead-Zinc-Silver Mine in Myanmar 7

2/18/2013 Marmion Shaft 00 (Above sea level 1000m) Tiger Tunnel 15 Bawsaing Pb ‐ Zn Mine, Southern Shan State 8

2/18/2013 94 98 92 96 100 102 Western Granitoid Belt GRANITOID BELTS & Sn-W 28 28 N OCCURENCES OF MYANMAR ‐ Cretaceous to Lower Eocene 27 27 ‐ characterized by high ‐ level intrusions associated with 26 A 26 Myitkyina Porphyry Cu (Au) related, I D C H I N A younger volcanics 25 N 25 I ‐ emplaced as a magmatic ‐ Muse 24 volcanic arc Namhkam 24 Central Granitoid Belt 23 Lashio 23 ‐ Upper Cretaceous to Lower 22 Mandalay 22 Eocene Kengtong Taunggyi 21 Mongyawng ‐ characterized by mesozonal 21 Tachileik L A O S plutons associated with Monghsat 20 Pyinmana Loikaw 20 vein type Sn ‐ W deposits Mawchi 19 19 Mawchi B ‐ associated with abundant a y THAILAND pegmatites and aplites and rare o 18 f 18 B co ‐ magmatic volcanics e n Yangon g a 17 l 17 Yangon Hpa-An Paung Eastern Granitoid Belt Mawlamyine 16 16 Gulf of Mottama ‐ ? Triassic • Tin-tungsten Yay 15 15 ‐ characterized by medium to (primary, eluvial, Kanbauk Harmyingyi coarsely porphyritic 14 Dawei alluvial types) 14 ‐ mesozonal and Sn ‐ W bearing associated with 13 Palaw 13 granites Myeik Index Kazat Tanintharyi Mesozoic (mainly Thabawleikgyi 12 12 Tin & Tungsten Jurassic) and Lenya Bokpyin 11 Karathuri 11 Tertiary granite Lampi Island Maliwun 10 belt Kawthoung 10 (after Khin Zaw ,1990) 92 94 96 98 100 102 20 0 20 40 60 80 100 MIl e s Tin-tungsten Deposits - one of the most important mineral resources in Myanmar - occurs along the granitic belt in SE Asia peninsula (distributed over more than 1200 Km in Myanmar with more prominent in Tungsten toward the north, - passing through the Tanintharyi Division, Kayin, Mon, Kayah & Shan states and east of Pyinmana. - Tin-tungsten ores occur in close association with granitoids and related pneumatolytic rocks emplaced during Jurassic, Cretaceous and possibly Triassic. The country rocks of these intrusive masses consist of the clastic Mergui Series, Taungnyo Group, Mawchi Series and Lebyin Group. - Most of the cassiterite is mined from placers while tungsten is mined from hard rock veins. 18 9

2/18/2013 DISTRIBUTION OF TIN - TUNGSTEN DEPOSITS 92 94 98 96 100 102 28 N 28 Sn-W deposits, mainly associated with granitic 27 27 intrusions along the 26 26 I N D I A Myitkyina tanintharyi and western C H I N A Tin- Tungsten occurrences= 480 25 25 margin of shan plateau Muse 24 Namhkam 24 23 Lashio 23 Mawchi (Primary) 22 Mandalay 22 Kengtong Padatchaung (Primary) Taunggyi 21 Mongyawng 21 Tachileik L A O S Monghsat 20 Hermyingyi (Primary) 20 Pyinmana Loikaw Mawchi 19 19 Bay of Bengal THAILAND 18 Heinze (Placer) 18 Heinda (Placer tin deposit) Yangon 17 17 Hpa-An Paung Mawlamyine 16 16 Kanbauk ( Primary/ Placer) Gulf of Mottama KyaukmeTaung, Yay 15 Pagaye(Placer) 15 Kanbauk Harmyingyi 14 Dawei 14 Theindaw(Placer) 13 Palaw 13 Atwin Bokpyin (Placer) Myeik Index Kazat Tanintharyi Thabawleikgyi 12 12 Tin & Tungsten Lenya Bokpyin 11 Karathuri 11 Manawlon(Placer) Lampi Island Maliwun 10 Kawthoung 10 92 94 96 98 100 102 20 0 20 40 60 80 100 MI l es Hermyingyi Sn-W mine, Dawei 10

2/18/2013 Heinda mine, Dawei Bucket Dredger in Tin- tungsten mining Mawchi Sn-W mine, Kayah State 11