Workshop Session 3 How best could farmers be supported to introduce new measures? Who is best placed to make different approaches happen?
Research engaging stakeholders 1 2 3
Farm advisor interviews - One to one advice � What mitigation measures are recommended to farmers? � Do recommendations differ between sources of advice? Do they conflict? � Which mechanisms are used to encourage uptake of advice?
Farm advisor interviews One-to-one advice Farm Advisors Catchment Sensitive Farming Natural England Government Environment Agency Forestry Commission Environment Environmental charities Seed and fertiliser salesmen Independent agronomists Feed nutritionist consultant Business Agri consultant companies Land agents Vets
Frequently recommended measures “What diffuse water pollution mitigation measures do you recommend to farmers?”
All advisors plotted by their recommendations Dimension 2 EA CSFO NE Provide advice on CSFO - Mitigation measures NE - Agri-environment schemes EA - Regulations Dimension 1
Regional comparisons
Issues of consistency in advice Lack of communication and knowledge exchange between advisors.
Mechanisms to encourage uptake of advice
Farm advisor – Key findings • Advice delivered by different organisations is not homogeneous • Niches exist within the farm advice sector • Policy makers need to consider which organisations are best placed to deliver on the ground advice to the farmers through the various mechanisms available.
In-depth farmer motivations survey 1) What will it take to encourage adoption of specific mitigation measures? - What are farmer motivations? And what are their barriers? 2) Which advisors are best placed to deliver advice / influence uptake? - Why farmers listen to certain organisations for advice on specific measures?
In-depth farmer motivations survey Mitigation measures investigated Management Infrastructure • Sub soiling/ grass aeration • Track re-surfacing • Reduced cultivation systems • Roofing over yards • Tramline management • Re-site gateways • Biobeds • Cover crops Land use change • Take land out of production • Tree planting • Sediment traps
Results – Farmers who have adopted a measure Market Regulations factors Endogenous Financial factors incentives Measure Farm Advice and uptake charcteristics education
Decision processes Predominant pathway -------- Secondary pathway Short cut in the decision process
Farmers who haven’t adopted a measure Barriers to mitigation measure uptake
Results – Land use changes
Results – Management and infrastructure
Farmer attitudes towards advisors
Farmer attitudes towards advisors
Possible Questions for Discussion � Do our results reflect experiences in other regions? � Do conflicts in advice provision occur elsewhere? � How can we avoid such problems? � Is there a need for different approaches to advice provision? � Are there other factors which influence adoption of mitigation measures? � Is there a need for more regulation (or better enforcement)? � How do we celebrate success and promote a culture of good practice?
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