Workshop on Community Based Hazard Map Development Dhaka: 28-29 November 2007 Natural Hazards Management in Bangladesh- An Overview Dr. Aslam Alam National Program Management Expert, CDMP Ministry of Food and Disaster Management 1 1 Location of Bangladesh in South Asia 2 2
Major Hazards Major Hazards floods Cyclone, tornado and storm surge drought river bank erosion water logging salinity 3 3 Major Disasters Major Disasters Year Year Disaster Disaster Death Death 1970 1970 Cyclone Cyclone 300,000 300,000 1985 Cyclone 5704 1985 Cyclone 5704 1988 1988 Flood Flood 2373 2373 1989 Drought 800 1989 Drought 800 1991 Cyclone 138,868 1991 Cyclone 138,868 1996 1996 Tornado Tornado 545 545 1997 Cyclone 550 1997 Cyclone 550 1998 1998 Flood Flood 1050 1050 2004 2004 Flood Flood 747 747 2007 Flood 1071 2007 Flood 1071 2007 2007 Cyclone Cyclone 3255+ 3255+ 4 4
GoB Vision on Disaster Management The Disaster Management Vision of the The Disaster Management Vision of the Government of Bangladesh is to reduce the risk of Government of Bangladesh is to reduce the risk of people, especially the poor and the disadvantaged, people, especially the poor and the disadvantaged, from the effects of natural, environmental and from the effects of natural, environmental and human induced hazards, to a manageable and human induced hazards, to a manageable and acceptable humanitarian level, and to have in acceptable humanitarian level, and to have in place an efficient emergency response system place an efficient emergency response system capable of handling large scale disasters. capable of handling large scale disasters. 5 5 MoFDM Mission To achieve a paradigm shift in disaster To achieve a paradigm shift in disaster management from conventional response management from conventional response and relief practice to a more comprehensive and relief practice to a more comprehensive risk reduction culture risk reduction culture 6 6
7 7 MoFDM Strategic Goals � � Goal 1: Professionalizing The Disaster Management System Goal 1: Professionalizing The Disaster Management System � Goal 2: Mainstreaming Risk Reduction � Goal 2: Mainstreaming Risk Reduction � Goal 3: Strengthening Institutional Mechanisms Goal 3: Strengthening Institutional Mechanisms � � � Goal 4: Empowering At Risk Communities Goal 4: Empowering At Risk Communities � � Goal 5: Expanding Risk Reduction Programming Goal 5: Expanding Risk Reduction Programming � Goal 6: Strengthening Emergency Response Systems Goal 6: Strengthening Emergency Response Systems � � � Goal 7: Developing And Strengthening Networks Goal 7: Developing And Strengthening Networks 8 8
Disaster Management Regulative Framework Disaster Management Act DM Policy National Plan for DM SOD Sectoral Policies Sectoral Plans ► Local Plans ► Guideline (DRR (DRR ► Hazard ► Templates incorporated) incorporated) Plans Programming for implementation 9 9 10 10
Disaster Management Institutions in Bangladesh National Disaster Management Council Inter Ministerial Disaster Management National Disaster Coordination Management Advisory Committee (IMDMCC) Council (NDMAC) Ministry of Food and Disaster Management Cyclone Preparedness Directorate of Relief Disaster Management Directorate of Food Programme and Rehabilitation Bureau Implementation Board District Disaster Management Committee Zone/ Upazila City Corporation Municipal Disaster Disaster Management Management Committee Committee Union Upazila Disaster Management Committee Village Union Disaster Management Committee 11 11 Local Level Committees under SOD Local Level Committees under SOD District Disaster Management Committee (DDMC) headed by the headed by the � � District Disaster Management Committee (DDMC) Deputy Commissioner (DC) to co- Deputy Commissioner (DC) to co -ordinate and review the disaster ordinate and review the disaster management activities at the district level. management activities at the district level. � � Upazila Disaster Management Committee (UZDMC) Upazila Disaster Management Committee (UZDMC) headed by headed by the Upazila Nirbahi Officer (UNO) to co- -ordinate and review the ordinate and review the the Upazila Nirbahi Officer (UNO) to co disaster management activities at the Upazila level. disaster management activities at the Upazila level. � � Union Disaster Management Committee (UDMC) headed by the Union Disaster Management Committee (UDMC) headed by the Chairman of the Union Parishad to co- -ordinate, review and ordinate, review and Chairman of the Union Parishad to co implement the disaster management activities of the concerned implement the disaster management activities of the concerned union. union. � � Pourashava Disaster Management Committee (PDMC) Pourashava Disaster Management Committee (PDMC) headed headed by Chairman of Pourashava (municipality) to co- -ordinate, review and ordinate, review and by Chairman of Pourashava (municipality) to co implement the disaster management activities within its area of implement the disaster management activities within its area of jurisdiction. jurisdiction. � � City Corporation Disaster Management Committee (CCDMC) City Corporation Disaster Management Committee (CCDMC) headed by the Mayor of City Corporations to co- -ordinate, review and ordinate, review and headed by the Mayor of City Corporations to co implement the disaster management activities within its area of implement the disaster management activities within its area of jurisdiction. jurisdiction. 12 12
A Comprehensive Approach Three Key Elements: Three Key Elements: Getting the PPRR balance right Getting the PPRR balance right 1. 1. Mainstreaming risk reduction within whole of Mainstreaming risk reduction within whole of 2. 2. government systems government systems Empowering stakeholders partners and Empowering stakeholders partners and 3. 3. communities communities 13 13 Mainstreaming Strategies: Mainstreaming Strategies: National to Community National to Community N ational Policy and A dvocacy - Planning Reform s A w areness Raising District Level R isk Red uction Planning Processes (linked to Upazila L evel C R A outcom es) Capacity B uilding U nion L evel C ollaborative Partnerships Com m unity U niform C RA Level G uidelines 14 14
Community Risk Assessment- - Bangladesh Bangladesh Community Risk Assessment � � Risk Assessment was done initially by CARE just as hazard Risk Assessment was done initially by CARE just as hazard and resource mapping of community and resource mapping of community � Vulnerability Assessment, particularly PVA is practiced by a few Vulnerability Assessment, particularly PVA is practiced by a few � local NGOs who are partners of Action Aid and Oxfam (Oxfam local NGOs who are partners of Action Aid and Oxfam (Oxfam partners usually term the assessment as PVCA) partners usually term the assessment as PVCA) � DMB has prepared country wide Hazard Mapping of Floods, DMB has prepared country wide Hazard Mapping of Floods, � Cyclone, Earthquake and Drought Cyclone, Earthquake and Drought � � Institute of Water Modeling, CEGIS, Bangladesh Water Institute of Water Modeling, CEGIS, Bangladesh Water Development Board conducted research on hazard Development Board conducted research on hazard susceptibility and possible inundation modeling susceptibility and possible inundation modeling � CDMP, a MoFDM programme, has initiated comprehensive risk CDMP, a MoFDM programme, has initiated comprehensive risk � assessment at community level since August 2006. assessment at community level since August 2006. 15 15 Community Risk Assessment- - Bangladesh Bangladesh Community Risk Assessment � � The main objective of the programme is to facilitate the ministr The main objective of the programme is to facilitate the ministry y to realize a cultural shift in disaster management from relief to realize a cultural shift in disaster management from relief centered approach (reactive approach) to a more centered approach (reactive approach) to a more comprehensive risk reduction approach (pro- -active approach) active approach) comprehensive risk reduction approach (pro � Risk Assessment is one of the important task of CDMP in Risk Assessment is one of the important task of CDMP in � facilitating the paradigm shift; as risk assessment is the basis of of facilitating the paradigm shift; as risk assessment is the basis mainstreaming, capacity development and need identification mainstreaming, capacity development and need identification � Participatory Community Risk Assessment blending the Participatory Community Risk Assessment blending the � scientific predictions and information in the process, is a key scientific predictions and information in the process, is a key tools of community empowerment. tools of community empowerment. 16 16
Recommend
More recommend
