Hazard assessment Islamabad Pakistan HAZARD HAZARD ASSESSMENT ASSESSMENT adpc Asian Disaster Preparedness Center
Hazard assessment Islamabad Pakistan Learning objectives Learning objectives � Describe the concepts of hazard and Describe the concepts of hazard and � secondary hazards. secondary hazards. � Explain hazard characteristics such as Explain hazard characteristics such as � magnitude, frequency, intensity and rate magnitude, frequency, intensity and rate of onset and their importance of onset and their importance � To discuss the hazard assessment To discuss the hazard assessment � process process adpc Asian Disaster Preparedness Center
Hazard assessment Islamabad Pakistan There is a There is a potential for potential for occurrence occurrence of an event of an event adpc Asian Disaster Preparedness Center
Hazard assessment Islamabad Pakistan Classification of Hazards Classification of Hazards adpc Asian Disaster Preparedness Center
Hazard assessment Islamabad Pakistan Classification of Hazards Classification of Hazards � Natural Natural � � Technological Technological � � Societal Societal � adpc Asian Disaster Preparedness Center
Hazard assessment Islamabad Pakistan Origin or Causes of Hazards Origin or Causes of Hazards Hazards Origin or Causes Hazards Origin or Causes Earthquake Shaking of earth by the waves below the Earthquake Shaking of earth by the waves below the earth ’ ’ s surface s surface earth Tsunami Due to earthquake in sea/ocean/lake Tsunami Due to earthquake in sea/ocean/lake Volcanoes Magma pushed upwards through internal Volcanoes Magma pushed upwards through internal pressure developed by dissolved gases pressure developed by dissolved gases Landslides Down slope transport of soil & rock by Landslides Down slope transport of soil & rock by natural vibrations changes in direct water natural vibrations changes in direct water content or removal of lateral support content or removal of lateral support Epidemic Rise in parasitic infestations due to Epidemic Rise in parasitic infestations due to exposure to contamination exposure to contamination adpc Asian Disaster Preparedness Center
Hazard assessment Islamabad Pakistan Origin or Causes of Hazards Origin or Causes of Hazards Hazards Origin or Causes Hazards Origin or Causes Earthquake Shaking of earth by the waves below the Earthquake Shaking of earth by the waves below the earth ’ ’ s surface s surface earth Tsunami Due to earthquake in sea/ocean/lake Tsunami Due to earthquake in sea/ocean/lake Volcanoes Magma pushed upwards through internal Volcanoes Magma pushed upwards through internal pressure developed by dissolved gases pressure developed by dissolved gases Landslides Down slope transport of soil & rock by Landslides Down slope transport of soil & rock by natural vibrations changes in direct water natural vibrations changes in direct water content or removal of lateral support content or removal of lateral support Epidemic Rise in parasitic infestations due to Epidemic Rise in parasitic infestations due to exposure to contamination exposure to contamination adpc Asian Disaster Preparedness Center
Hazard assessment Islamabad Pakistan Origin or Causes of Hazards Origin or Causes of Hazards Hazards Origin or Causes Hazards Origin or Causes Cyclones Wind currents that spin Cyclones Wind currents that spin Floods River and coastal rising of water due Floods River and coastal rising of water due to intense rainfall to intense rainfall Drought Rainfall deficit over long time periods Drought Rainfall deficit over long time periods Environmental Caused by air, marine & fresh water Environmental Caused by air, marine & fresh water pollution pollutants pollution pollutants Storm Surges Due to cyclones or tides in ocean/sea Storm Surges Due to cyclones or tides in ocean/sea adpc Asian Disaster Preparedness Center
Hazard assessment Islamabad Pakistan One Hazard Causing a Secondary One Hazard Causing a Secondary Hazard Hazard In case of Earthquake, what will be the In case of Earthquake, what will be the secondary hazards associated with EQ secondary hazards associated with EQ ????? ????? adpc Asian Disaster Preparedness Center
Hazard assessment Islamabad Pakistan One Hazard Causing a Secondary Hazard One Hazard Causing a Secondary Hazard In case of Earthquake, which can bring further In case of Earthquake, which can bring further hazards like hazards like • Building collapse • Building collapse • Dam failure • Dam failure • Fire • Fire • Hazardous material spill Interruption of power/ • Hazardous material spill Interruption of power/ water supply/ communication/ water supply/ communication/ transportation/ waste disposal transportation/ waste disposal • Landslide • Landslide • Soil liquefaction • Soil liquefaction • Tsunami (tidal wave) • Tsunami (tidal wave) adpc Asian Disaster Preparedness Center
Hazard assessment Islamabad Pakistan Hazard Causing a Secondary Hazard Hazard Causing a Secondary Hazard � Flood: Flood: epidemics, snake bite, dam � epidemics, snake bite, dam failure failure � Drought: Drought: epidemics, famine � epidemics, famine � Civil war: Civil war: refugees & displaced persons � refugees & displaced persons � Landslide: Landslide: epidemics, Temporary epidemics, Temporary � damming damming � Pollution: Pollution: disease � disease adpc Asian Disaster Preparedness Center
Disaster Management Course (DMC) Hazard assessment Islamabad Pakistan Hazard Causing a Secondary Hazard Hazard Causing a Secondary Hazard � Flood: Flood: Epidemics, snake bite, dam � Epidemics, snake bite, dam failure failure � Drought: Drought: Epidemics, famine � Epidemics, famine � Civil war: Civil war: Refugees & displaced persons � Refugees & displaced persons � Landslide: Landslide: Epidemics, Temporary Epidemics, Temporary � damming damming � Pollution: Pollution: Disease Disease � Rate of onset Rate of onset Include rapid- -onset and slow onset and slow- -onset natural onset natural Include rapid hazards. hazards. adpc adpc Asian Disaster Preparedness Center Asian Disaster Preparedness Center
Hazard assessment Islamabad Pakistan HAZARD ASSESSMENT HAZARD ASSESSMENT "The process of studying the "The process of studying the nature of hazards determining its nature of hazards determining its essential features (degree of essential features (degree of severity, duration, extent, impact severity, duration, extent, impact on the area) and their on the area) and their relationship ". relationship ". adpc Asian Disaster Preparedness Center
Hazard assessment Islamabad Pakistan Some Important Points to Consider Some Important Points to Consider in Hazard Assessment in Hazard Assessment � Look at scientific and statistical data Look at scientific and statistical data � � Historical record Historical record � � Approach other knowledgeable Approach other knowledgeable � sources/people sources/people � Understand the various intensities of the Understand the various intensities of the � same hazard same hazard � Hazard mapping Hazard mapping � adpc Asian Disaster Preparedness Center
Hazard assessment Islamabad Pakistan Possible reasons for new hazards Possible reasons for new hazards • Natural Natural - - changes in the pattern of changes in the pattern of • weather leading to new forms of drought weather leading to new forms of drought and flooding and flooding • Economic Economic - - Fluctuations in the value of Fluctuations in the value of • currency affecting livelihoods, trade currency affecting livelihoods, trade related policy changes, structural related policy changes, structural adjustment measures adjustment measures adpc Asian Disaster Preparedness Center
Hazard assessment Islamabad Pakistan Possible reasons for new hazards Possible reasons for new hazards • Social and political trends Social and political trends- - changes in changes in • policies, subsidy programs, re- -locations of locations of policies, subsidy programs, re people people • Structural changes Structural changes- - decentralization / decentralization / • centralization, conflicts centralization, conflicts • Industrial hazards Industrial hazards- - chemical accidents, chemical accidents, • poisonings poisonings • New forms of epidemics New forms of epidemics- - Bird Flu, AIDS, Bird Flu, AIDS, • Hepatitis B & C Hepatitis B & C adpc Asian Disaster Preparedness Center
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