WIND POWER AND ELECTRICITY SUPPLY IN PRINCE EDWARD ISLAND TIAPEI - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

WIND POWER AND ELECTRICITY SUPPLY IN PRINCE EDWARD ISLAND TIAPEI – Tour Guide Refresher Course 03 April 2019 Presentation by: Heather MacLeod, FEC, M.A.Sc, P.Eng. Director, Energy Policy & Assets PEI Energy Corporation

~ Presentation Outline ~ • PEI Energy Situation • PEI Energy Strategy • Our Wind Resource • Evolution of Wind Energy in PEI • Commercial Wind Energy • Models for Wind Development • Small Wind Installations • Renewable Energy Storage • PEI-NB Cable Project • Questions and Discussion

~ PEI Energy Situation ~ Current Energy Mix • PEI is very reliant on imported energy supplies, particularly oil. Presently, 76% of our total annual energy consumption is in the form of liquid petroleum products. • 14% of our total energy requirement is in the form of electricity. • 10% of our total energy consumption is derived from local biomass products. • More than $500 million leaves the province annually as energy is imported to meet the Island’s heating, power and transportation requirements. Energy sources include: gasoline, heating fuel, diesel, propane, biomass AND electricity. Electricity includes: electricity!

~ PEI Energy Situation ~ PEI’s Current Energy Mix • Transportation represents 42% (2017: 48%) of the Province’s energy requirement and is almost entirely reliant on the importation of liquid petroleum fuels. • Oil remains the major heating source for home heating and requires 27% of PEI’s energy supply. • Biomass, in the form of cordwood and woodchips, is utilized for residential Imported & oil- heating, government facilities, fired electricity Biomass 7% 10% and district heating. 10% Electricity from • 4% On-Island wind power assets on-Island wind 42% Home Heating supply 4% of total energy. oil 27% Transportation Other

~ PEI Energy Situation ~ Electrical Energy Mix by Fuel Type Presently … • 61% of the electricity is sourced from NB Power system energy (a mix of electricity generated from oil, natural gas, coal, hydro, nuclear, wind and biomass). • 24% of electricity is being generated from wind turbines located in PEI. • 14% of electricity comes from the Point Lepreau nuclear plant through NB Power. • Approximately 1% is generated on-Island with oil.

~ PEI Energy Strategy ~ Energy Strategy Guiding Principles 1. LOWERING GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS Knowing the goals of our country and our province, it was important to generate a Strategy that would align us with this direction. 2. ACTIONS AND DECISIONS SHOULD BE COST- EFFECTIVE This Strategy has been developed taking into account costs of various options, and favours those that lead to lower overall costs in the long term. 3. LOCAL ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITIES Part of lowering GHGs and pursuing cost-effective options is focusing on local capacity and development opportunities. Details: https://www.princeedwardisland.ca/en/publication/pei-energy-strategy

~ Our Wind Resource ~ • Due to a lack of indigenous sources of energy fuels, wind development was an obvious choice for electricity generation. • The province has a world class wind resource. • Wind meets the strategic Wind Speed (m/s) at 50 meters agl objectives of our energy policy as it:  Provides a measure of energy security, price certainty & supply diversity;  Is renewable and non-emitting;  Enables economic opportunities in rural PEI . Wind Speed (m/s) at 80 meters agl

~ Evolution of Wind Energy in PEI ~ When we started with wind back in the early 1980’s … • PEI was 100% dependant on fossil fuels for electric power generation; • Wind power was a fringe technology; • Total installed wind capacity in PEI was less than 500 kW; • A 65-kW wind turbine was a “large” turbine; • Concepts of climate change and global warming were still considered by many as science fiction; • Wind power was generally dismissed as too expensive for commercial scale viability.

~ Evolution of Wind Energy in PEI ~ Where we are now … • The concept of climate change is globally accepted; • Wind power is mainstream technology and is the fastest growing source of new electrical generation in the world; • A 3 or 4-MW wind turbine is a common sized unit; • Total installed wind capacity in PEI is 204 MWs (our peak load is about 280 MW); • Wind supplies 24% of the province’s electricity requirements; Details: https://www.princeedwardisland.ca/en/feature/pei-wind-energy/

~ Wind Energy Developments to Date ~ There are now eight utility-grade wind farms operating within PEI, including the following provincially-owned facilities: • The first commercial wind farm in Atlantic Canada was developed by the PEI Energy Corporation at North Cape in 2001. This facility initially included eight 660-kW turbines and was expanded to 16 turbines in 2003. It has a total output of 10.5 MW. • In January 2007, the PEI Energy Corporation commissioned its second wind farm in Eastern Kings . This 30-MW facility consists of ten 3-MW turbines. • In May 2013, the PEI Energy Corporation purchased a 3-MW turbine near North Cape . It had been originally developed by Vestas-Canadian Wind Technologies in 2004 as a prototype. • In January 2014, the PEI Energy Commission commissioned its newest wind farm at Hermanville/Clearspring . It is also a 30-MW facility with ten 3-MW turbines.

~ Wind Energy Developments to Date ~ North Cape Wind Farm

~ Wind Energy Developments to Date ~ Eastern Kings Wind Farm

~ Wind Energy Developments to Date ~ Hermanville/Clearspring • The latest wind development was completed by the PEI Energy Corporation in January 2014 at Hermanville/Clearspring, PEI.

~ Wind Energy Developments to Date ~ Hermanville/Clearspring As one example of turbine size, the Acciona turbines at Hermanville/Clearspring were the largest in North America when the wind farm was built in 2013/2014. Acciona AW 116/3000 • Rotor diameter: 116 meters • Blade: 56.7 meters / 14 tonnes • Tower: height 92 meters / weight 262 tonnes

~ Wind Energy Developments to Date ~ Hermanville/Clearspring

~ Models for Wind Development ~ • The provincial government, through the PEI Energy Corporation, has been at the forefront of wind development in the province. • Public ownership is not the only model of corporate structure for wind development. The largest wind farm in PEI, at West Cape (99 MW), is owned and operated by Engie which also owns and operates another 9-MW facility near North Cape. • The Wind Energy Institute of Canada is a non-profit research and development facility that operates a 10-MW wind farm in North Cape . Its assets include five 2-MW wind turbines and a 2-MW battery storage system. • The City of Summerside operates their own municipal electric utility. Generating assets for the City include four 3-MW turbines. The City also has an innovative “Heat for Less” program to encourage its residents to utilize this renewable energy resource for home heating.

~ Net Metering Installations in PEI ~ Details: http://www.irac.pe.ca/electric/

~ Small Wind Challenges ~ • While utility grade turbines have proven to be reliable and cost effective, experience to date with small wind turbines has not been as positive. • Small wind turbines are several times more costly to purchase on a per kilowatt basis than the utility grade models. • There is a tendency to rely on anecdotal evidence that a location is “really windy” as opposed to the hard data. • Maintenance and repair costs can be high relative to the amount of energy that the turbine can generate. • Setbacks from neighbors are important from a noise and safety perspective.

~ Renewable Energy Storage ~ Looking to the future, energy storage may provide opportunities for more wind energy development. • WEICan – Wind Energy R&D Park - Utility Scale Battery Storage – 1 MW / 2 MWh • City of Summerside – Smart Utility Grid Project - Furnaces, Space Heaters and Hot Water Heaters - Smart Meters / Utility Internet Service - Solar + Storage Project • Maritime Electric – PowerShift Atlantic - Residential – Hot Water Heaters - Commercial – Refrigeration Units - Load Control Device / Third-Party Internet Service • PEI Wind-Hydrogen Solutions Initiative

~ Wind-Hydrogen Solutions Initiative ~ PEI Wind-Hydrogen Village Project Water Treatment Power Control Supply Room Gas Control Electrolyzer Panel Gas Holder Genset Compressors Coolers Storage

~ Wind Energy in Prince Edward Island ~ PEI Wind-Hydrogen Village Project

~ Wind-Hydrogen Solutions Initiative ~ Hydrogen for transportation – vehicles and fueling

Keeping the Lights On … • Since the existing cable interconnection was installed in 1977, the Island’s peak load has increased by approximately 185 MW. • The Island’s peak load is now 280 MW and is expected to grow at a rate of up to 8 MW per year going forward. • The volume of electricity consumed by Islanders is also increasing at a rate of around 3% annually. • With a capacity of 200 MW, the existing interconnection was increasingly inadequate for the Island’s electricity demand. • Electricity from on-Island oil fired generation costs 3 to 4 times as much as imported and wind generated electricity. Details: http://energy.reinvented.net/