SLIDE 1
SLIDE 2 WHAT IS ELECTRICITY?
Before re we c can understan tand d what electri rici city ty is, we n need to know a l littl tle about atoms. Atoms s are made up of three differe erent nt types s of parti ticle: : prot
ns, neutr trons, ns, and electr trons ns. Prot
s have a positive charge, neutron
s are neutra ral, l, and electron
s are negative charged. ed. An atom can become positi tive e or negati tively y charged by losing ng or gaining ng electrons.
If an atom losses es an electron n it becomes positi tivel ely y charged. If an atom gains s an electron n it becomes negatively charged. d.
SLIDE 3 WHAT IS ELECTRICITY?
Electricit tricity is a f force due to charged particl cles. s. This can be s stati tic c electri rici city ty, in which h charged d particl cles es gather. Curre rrent, nt, or the flow of charged particl cles, s, is also a f form of electri rici city ty. Curre rrent nt is the ordered ed flow of charged d parti ticles. es. Often n current nt flows throug
h a w wire. This is how we g get et the electricity ricity we u use everyda day! y!
SLIDE 4
WHAT ARE CIRCUITS?
A circui uit t is a p path that electri ric current ent flows around. nd.
Current flows from a power source to a load. The load converts the electric energy into anther type of energy A light bulb is a load that converts electrical energy into light and heat energy. What are some other types of loads? What type of energy do they convert the electric energy into?
SLIDE 5 WIRES
Why are circui uits ts connected d with h wires? es? Wire res s are made out of met etal which h is a c conducti ctive materi rial. A conducti ctive materi rial is one that electri rici city ty can travel through ugh easily. Which h of these e materi rial are conducti ctive? Water r (dirty ty) ) Wood Aluminum um Foil Glass Stri ring Graphi hite Styr yrofoa
m C Concrete Cot
n (fa fabric) c) Air
SLIDE 6
OPEN VS. CLOSED CIRCUIT
OPEN! CLOSED! In the open circuit the current can not flow from one end of the power source to the other. Because of this there is no current flow, and therefore the light does not turn on. Why didn’t the light bulb turn on in the open circuit?
SLIDE 7
SHORT CIRCUIT
Current follows the path of ‘least resistance’ Resistance is provided by the light bulb. In this case the light bulb will not turn on because all the current will flow though the path with just a wire and none through the path with the light bulb.
SLIDE 8
WHICH OF THESE LIGHTBULBS WILL TURN ON?
SLIDE 9 CIRCUIT ELEMENTS
Circui cuits s are not
- t only made up of power sources
es and loads. What are some ot
cuit elements? ts? Switc tches hes Resi sist stor
Capaci citor
Induct uctor
Transis nsistor
SLIDE 10
SWITCHES
A switch tch has two states es Open or closed When a s switc tch h is open no curre rent nt can flow through ugh it. When a s switc tch h is closed curre rent nt flows through ugh it.
SLIDE 11
RESISTOR
You can tell the resistance value by color of the strips on the resistor
SLIDE 12
The resistivity value of a resistor can be determined by the colored stripes on the resistor.
SLIDE 13 FLASHLIGHT ACTIVITY
Constr struct t a f flashl hlight ght with h your partne ner r using ng wire batteries ries LEDs and resistor
s. Your r flashl hlight ht should d have a s switc tch h (it should d be ab able to be t turne ned d on and off) If you fini nish sh early: Add more LED’s to your flashlight. Can you make two switc tches hes that do two differe rent nt things. ngs.
