Diagnosis and Misdiagnosis of Gifted Youth Presented at the 2012 California Psychological Association, Monterey, CA Daniel Peters, Ph.D. Stephen H. Chou, Psy.D. What do we know? What do we know? (How do we diagnose?) (How do we diagnose?) • Behavior • Behavior • Functional Impairment Functional Impairment • Summit Center: Daniel Peters, Summit Center: Daniel Peters, Ph.D. and Stephen H. Chou, Ph.D. and Stephen H. Chou, Psy.D Psy.D., 2012 ., 2012 2 2 Traditional Treatment Summit Center: Daniel Peters, Ph.D. and Stephen H. Chou, Summit Center: Daniel Peters, Ph.D. and Stephen H. Chou, Psy.D Psy.D., 2012 ., 2012 3 3 www.summitcenter.us Page 1
Treatment: Giftedness Lens 4 4 4 4 Summit Center: Daniel Peters, Ph.D. and Stephen H. Chou, Summit Center: Daniel Peters, Ph.D. and Stephen H. Chou, Psy.D Psy.D., 2012 ., 2012 Comparative Models of Diagnostic Comparative Models of Diagnostic Formulation Formulation Traditional Lens Giftedness Lens Traditional Lens Giftedness Lens 5 5 5 5 Summit Center: Daniel Peters, Ph.D. and Stephen H. Chou, Summit Center: Daniel Peters, Ph.D. and Stephen H. Chou, Psy.D Psy.D., 2012 ., 2012 Every child instinctively knows what many Every child instinctively knows what many adults have long since forgotten; adults have long since forgotten; Our differences are not something to be Our differences are not something to be tolerated, they are something to be celebrated tolerated, they are something to be celebrated http://imagecache2.allposters.com/images/ARB/78341.jpg 6 6 www.summitcenter.us Page 2
GIFTED AND TALENTED GIFTED AND TALENTED Summit Center: Daniel Peters, Summit Center: Daniel Peters, Ph.D. and Stephen H. Chou, Ph.D. and Stephen H. Chou, Psy.D Psy.D., 2012 ., 2012 7 7 What is Giftedness? What is Giftedness? Gifted individuals are those who demonstrate outstanding Gifted individuals are those who demonstrate outstanding levels of levels of aptitude aptitude (defined as an exceptional ability to (defined as an exceptional ability to reason and learn) or reason and learn) or competence competence (documented (documented performance or achievement in top 10% or rarer) in one or performance or achievement in top 10% or rarer) in one or more domains. more domains. Domains include any structured area of activity with its Domains include any structured area of activity with its own symbol system (e.g., mathematics, music, language) own symbol system (e.g., mathematics, music, language) and/or set of sensorimotor and/or set of sensorimotor skills (e.g., painting, dance, skills (e.g., painting, dance, sports). sports). National Association for Gifted Children (NAGC), 2010 Summit Center: Daniel Peters, Ph.D. and Stephen H. Chou, Summit Center: Daniel Peters, Ph.D. and Stephen H. Chou, Psy.D Psy.D., 2012 ., 2012 8 8 What is Giftedness? What is Giftedness? Giftedness is asynchronous development Giftedness is asynchronous development in which in which advanced cognitive abilities and heightened intensity advanced cognitive abilities and heightened intensity combine to create inner experiences and awareness combine to create inner experiences and awareness that are qualitatively different from the norm. This that are qualitatively different from the norm. This asynchrony increases with higher intellectual asynchrony increases with higher intellectual capacity. The uniqueness of the gifted renders them capacity. The uniqueness of the gifted renders them vulnerable and requires modifications in parenting, vulnerable and requires modifications in parenting, teaching and counseling in order for them to develop teaching and counseling in order for them to develop optimally. optimally . The Columbus Group, 1991 The Columbus Group, 1991 Summit Center: Daniel Peters, Summit Center: Daniel Peters, Ph.D. and Stephen H. Chou, Ph.D. and Stephen H. Chou, Psy.D., 2012 Psy.D ., 2012 9 9 www.summitcenter.us Page 3
What is Giftedness? What is Giftedness? Common characteristics of gifted youth Common characteristics of gifted youth • rapid learners rapid learners • idealism and sense of idealism and sense of • • justice justice • • strong memory strong memory • • intense feelings and intense feelings and • • large vocabulary large vocabulary reactions reactions • advanced comprehension advanced comprehension • • highly sensitive highly sensitive • of nuances of nuances • • long attention span and long attention span and • largely self • largely self- -taught taught persistence persistence… … • unusual emotional depth unusual emotional depth • • • abstract/complex/ abstract/complex/ logical/insightful thinking logical/insightful thinking Summit Center: Daniel Peters, Summit Center: Daniel Peters, Ph.D. and Stephen H. Chou, Ph.D. and Stephen H. Chou, Psy.D., 2012 Psy.D ., 2012 10 10 What is Giftedness? What is Giftedness? Common characteristics of gifted youth Common characteristics of gifted youth (continued) (continued) • • preoccupied with own preoccupied with own • highly developed curiosity • highly developed curiosity thoughts thoughts • interest in experimenting • interest in experimenting • • impatient with self and impatient with self and and doing things and doing things others inabilities and others inabilities and differently differently slowness, slowness, • divergent thinking • divergent thinking • asks probing questions asks probing questions • • • keen and unusual sense keen and unusual sense (able to go beyond what (able to go beyond what of humor of humor is taught), wide range of is taught), wide range of interests, interests, Summit Center: Daniel Peters, Summit Center: Daniel Peters, Ph.D. and Stephen H. Chou, Ph.D. and Stephen H. Chou, Psy.D Psy.D., 2012 ., 2012 11 11 Giftedness: Identification Giftedness: Identification (Clark, Barbara, (Clark, Barbara, “ “ Growing Up Gifted, Growing Up Gifted, ” ” 2008, p. 206) 2008, p. 206) • • Multiple, domain- Multiple, domain -specific measures of giftedness and specific measures of giftedness and talent collected from multiple sources talent collected from multiple sources • Intellectual Ability (Intelligence tests) • Academic Achievement (General or specific) • Creative Ability (Divergent thinking tests: Torrance Tests of Creative Thinking) • Leadership Ability • Behavioral Checklists • Portfolios of completed work • Peer Review • Family History and Student Background Summit Center: Daniel Peters, Summit Center: Daniel Peters, Ph.D. and Stephen H. Chou, Ph.D. and Stephen H. Chou, Psy.D Psy.D., 2012 ., 2012 12 12 www.summitcenter.us Page 4
Intellectual Ability Intellectual Ability 13 13 Levels of Giftedness Levels of Giftedness • 120-129 Advanced Learners • 130-144 Moderately Gifted • 145-159 Highly Gifted • 160-179 Exceptionally Gifted • 180 + Profoundly Gifted Summit Center: Daniel Peters, Summit Center: Daniel Peters, Ph.D. and Stephen H. Chou, Ph.D. and Stephen H. Chou, Psy.D Psy.D., 2012 ., 2012 14 14 Intellectual Ability Intellectual Ability Levels of Giftedness Levels of Giftedness Stanford Binet – 5 th Edition WISC-IV or WPPSI-III WISC-IV (FSIQ) (FSIQ : Extended Norms) (FSIQ) WISC-III, WPPSI-R, Level of SB-4, SB L-M Giftedness Assessment of Technical Report #7 WISC–IV Ruf Estimates of (FSIQ) Children Extended Norms Levels of Giftedness Gifted or 130-145 130 – 145 Moderately 130-138 120-129 (SB-4: 132-148) (1 in 50; 97.9 th PR) Gifted (G or MG) 145-160 Highly Gifted 145 – 160 138-145 125-135 (HG) (SB-4: 148-164) (1 in 1000; 99.9 th PR) 160+ Exceptionally 160 – 180 145-152 130-140 Gifted (EG) (SB L-M only) (1 in 30,000; 99.997 th PR) 175+ Profoundly 180 and above 152-160 135-141+ Gifted (PG) (SB L-M only) (1 in 3 million; 99.99997 th PR) Summit Center: Daniel Peters, Ph.D. and Stephen H. Chou, Summit Center: Daniel Peters, Ph.D. and Stephen H. Chou, Psy.D Psy.D., 2012 ., 2012 15 15 www.summitcenter.us Page 5
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