What about GERDA? Public Lecture on the occasion of the GERDA house warming party Karl Tasso Knöpfle MPI Kernphysik, Heidelberg GERDA Collaboration Meeting at LNGS 1-3 March 2010
The GERmanium Detector Array Collaboration http: //www.mpi-hd.mpg.de/GERDA ~ 95 physicists from 17 institutions http: //www.mpi-hd.mpg.de/GERDA g LNGS, 2 March 2010 'What about GERDA?' 2 K.T.Knöpfle
The GERmanium Detector Array Collaboration http: //www.mpi-hd.mpg.de/GERDA • Introduction Introduction • Goals & sensitivity • Background reduction • Status • R & D http: //www.mpi-hd.mpg.de/GERDA g • Safety Safety • Conclusion LNGS, 2 March 2010 'What about GERDA?' 3 K.T.Knöpfle
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PUTIN INGA NEGETEL LANOG GESINE MEGERA MEGERA GLOBUS CLOG ETTORE GERDA B4S NIGER EGEO URGEND GAUSS LOGO LOGO LENIN CRYLOG ENGELS GEDEON NUGGET LEGENDA NEGA LOBAGE Heidelberg04 name contest
PUTIN INGA NEGETEL LANOG GESINE MEGERA MEGERA GLOBUS CLOG ETTORE GERDA B4S NIGER EGEO URGEND GAUSS LOGO LOGO LENIN CRYLOG ENGELS GEDEON NUGGET LEGENDA NEGA LOBAGE Heidelberg04 name contest
PUTIN Powerful Underground Telescope g p for INvestigation INGA NEGETEL LANOG GESINE MEGERA MEGERA Una delle tre Erinni o Furie ? GLOBUS CLOG ETTORE GERDA B4S NIGER EGEO URGEND GAUSS LOGO LOGO LENIN CRYLOG Large Electron Neutrino ENGELS Enriched Naked GE exp in Enriched Naked GE exp in INstrument INstrument Large Scale GEDEON NUGGET LEGENDA NEGA LOBAGE Heidelberg04 name contest
PUTIN INGA NEGETEL Investigation of Neutrino LANOG with Germanium Assembly GESINE Germanium Setup In Noble gas Germanium Setup In Noble gas MEGERA MEGERA Environment GLOBUS CLOG ETTORE GERDA !!! B4S NIGER Beyond four Sigma EGEO Enriched Germanium URGEND Observatory GAUSS LOGO LOGO Low background Ge LENIN CRYLOG Observatory ENGELS GEDEON NUGGET LEGENDA Large Enriched Germanium NEGA Naked Detector Assembly LOBAGE Heidelberg04 name contest
Double beta decay of Ge-76 2 ν 2 β ?! ?! 0 ν 2 β T 2 ν = 1.5·10 21 y ½ β - β - T 0 ν = ? ½
double beta decay 2 ν ßß 2 ν ßß 0 ν ßß 0 ν ßß e e e e ν ν <m ßß > ≠ 0 ν i ν i Σ i i W W W W A,Z A,Z A,Z+2 A,Z+2 nuclear process nuclear process nuclear process nuclear process con entional 2 nd order process conventional 2 nd order process hypothetical process , T 1/2 > 10 25 yrs, > 10 25 h pothetical process T rs only possible if observed in various nuclei T 1/2 ~ 10 19 – 10 21 yrs neutrinos have Majorana masses ► lepton number violation ∆ L=2 ► access to absolute ν mass scale ► physics beyond s.m. ► p ys cs beyo d s LNGS, 2 March 2010 'What about GERDA?' 10 K.T.Knöpfle
double beta decay 2 ν ßß 2 ν ßß 0 ν ßß 0 ν ßß e e e e ν ν <m ßß > ≠ 0 ν i ν i Σ i S h i Schechter h W W W W A,Z A,Z A,Z+2 A,Z+2 Valle nuclear process nuclear process nuclear process nuclear process hypothetical process , T 1/2 > 10 25 yrs, > 10 25 yrs con entional 2 nd order process conventional 2 nd order process hypothetical process T only possible if observed in various nuclei T 1/2 ~ 10 19 – 10 21 yrs neutrinos have Majorana masses ► lepton number violation ∆ L=2 ► access to absolute ν mass scale ► physics beyond s.m. p y y LNGS, 2 March 2010 'What about GERDA?' 11 K.T.Knöpfle
double beta decay 2 ν ßß 2 ν ßß 0 ν ßß 0 ν ßß e e e e ν ν <m ßß > ≠ 0 ν i ν i Schechter S h h W W W W A,Z A,Z A,Z+2 A,Z+2 Valle nuclear process nuclear process nuclear process nuclear process Ge-76 : Q ββ =2039 keV exp. signature conventional 2 nd order process con entional 2 nd order process hypothetical process , T 1/2 > 10 25 yrs, > 10 25 h pothetical process T rs exp. signature only possible if observed in various nuclei Ge-76 : Q ββ =2039 keV T 1/2 ~ 10 19 – 10 21 yrs neutrinos have Majorana masses ► lepton number violation ∆ L=2 observed ► access to absolute ν mass scale observed ► physics beyond s.m. ► p ys cs beyo d s LNGS, 2 March 2010 'What about GERDA?' 12 searched for K.T.Knöpfle sum of kinetic energies
halflife – effective mass relation measured deduced element ar matrix nucle cifer uore obra Luc Cu Co Schönert taup2009 taup2009 LNGS, 2 March 2010 'What about GERDA?' 13 K.T.Knöpfle
dbd isotopes in comparison 48 Ca Ca pecific quantity 76 Ge lowest / ave / highest Q Q Q Q ββ -value / MeV 2.04 76 Ge / 2.8 / 48 Ca: 4.3 l / M V 2 04 76 G / 2 8 / 48 C 4 3 otope sp G 0 ν phase space / (10 25 y eV 2 ) 0.2 76 Ge / 2.4 / 150 Nd: 8 a a isotopic abundance 7.4 % Ca: 0.19% / 9.6% / isotopic abundance 7 4 % 48 Ca: 0 19% / 9 6% / 130 Te: 35% Te: 35% iso LNGS, 2 March 2010 'What about GERDA?' 14 K.T.Knöpfle
dbd isotopes in comparison 48 Ca Ca pecific quantity 76 Ge lowest / ave / highest Q Q Q Q ββ -value / MeV 2.04 76 Ge / 2.8 / 48 Ca: 4.3 l / M V 2 04 76 G / 2 8 / 48 C 4 3 otope sp G 0 ν phase space / (10 25 y eV 2 ) 0.2 76 Ge / 2.4 / 150 Nd: 8 a a isotopic abundance 7.4 % Ca: 0.19% / 9.6% / isotopic abundance 7 4 % 48 Ca: 0 19% / 9 6% / 130 Te: 35% Te: 35% iso ific detection efficiency ( =1 if source=detector) ent spec exposure [kg y] sensitivity* experime instrumental spectral width molecular weight background index [cts/(keV kg y)] of source of source *RevModPhys 80(08)481 *R M dPh 80(08)481 e LNGS, 2 March 2010 'What about GERDA?' 15 K.T.Knöpfle
dbd isotopes in comparison 48 Ca Ca pecific quantity 76 Ge lowest / ave / highest Q Q Q Q ββ -value / MeV 2.04 76 Ge / 2.8 / 48 Ca: 4.3 l / M V 2 04 76 G / 2 8 / 48 C 4 3 otope sp G 0 ν phase space / (10 25 y eV 2 ) 0.2 76 Ge / 2.4 / 150 Nd: 8 a a isotopic abundance 7.4 % Ca: 0.19% / 9.6% / isotopic abundance 7 4 % 48 Ca: 0 19% / 9 6% / 130 Te: 35% Te: 35% iso ific detection efficiency ( =1 if source=detector) ent spec 86% 70 kg y exposure [kg y] sensitivity* experime achieved with 76 Ge 76 3.3 keV instrumental spectral width molecular weight background index [cts/(keV kg y)] of source of source *R *RevModPhys 80(08)481 M dPh 80(08)481 e 0 1 0.1 LNGS, 2 March 2010 'What about GERDA?' 16 K.T.Knöpfle
<m ßß > best limits* / value Bi-214 Bi-214 Q ββ Q ββ Heidelberg Heidelberg – Moscow Experiment Moscow Experiment 5 enriched Ge-76 diodes (EPJ A12 (’01) 147) ? background index ~0.1 cts/ (kev · kg · y) ≥ 1 9 ·10 25 y (90% CL) 35.5 kg y : T 1/2 ≥ 1.9 10 35 5 kg y : T y (90% CL) <m ββ > < 0.3 – 1 eV (similar limit by IGEX , NP B87 (’00) 278) part of collaboration claims signal (PL B586 (‘04) 198) part of collaboration claims signal (PL B586 ( 04) 198) 71.7 kg y : T 1/2 = 1.2 (0.7-4.2)·10 25 (3 σ range) <m ββ > = 0.44 (0.24 – 0.58) eV Claimed 4 σ significance dependent on background Cl i d 4 i ifi d d t b k d model ( Strumia&Vissani ’06, O. Chkvorets, PhD th. ’08) Cuoricino Co-60 sum Cuoricino 62 TeO 2 bolometers (PR C7 (’08) 035502) Q ββ (Te-130) background index ~0.2 cts/ (kev · kg · y) 11.8 kg y : T 1/2 ≥ 3.0 ·10 24 y (90% CL) 0 ν T 1/2 = (0.69 - 4.18) ٠ 10 25 y (3 σ range) <m ββ > < 0.19 – 0.68 eV ► < m ßß > = 0.44 (0.3 – 1.24) eV ( ) ßß LNGS, 2 March 2010 'What about GERDA?' 17 K.T.Knöpfle
<m ßß > best limits* / value Bi-214 Bi-214 Q ββ Q ββ Heidelberg Heidelberg – Moscow Experiment Moscow Experiment 5 enriched Ge-76 diodes (EPJ A12 (’01) 147) ? background index ~0.1 cts/ (kev · kg · y) ≥ 1 9 ·10 25 y (90% CL) 35 5 kg y : T 35.5 kg y : T 1/2 ≥ 1.9 10 y (90% CL) <m ββ > < 0.3 – 1 eV (similar limit by IGEX , NP B87 (’00) 278) part of collaboration claims signal (PL B586 ( 04) 198) part of collaboration claims signal (PL B586 (‘04) 198) 71.7 kg y : T 1/2 = 1.2 (0.7-4.2)·10 25 (3 σ range) <m ββ > = 0.44 (0.24 – 0.58) eV Claimed 4 σ significance dependent on background Cl i d 4 i ifi d d t b k d model ( Strumia&Vissani ’06, O. Chkvorets, PhD th. ’08) Cuoricino Co-60 sum Cuoricino 62 TeO 2 bolometers (PR C7 (’08) 035502) Q ββ (Te-130) background index ~0.2 cts/ (kev · kg · y) 11.8 kg y : T 1/2 ≥ 3.0 ·10 24 y (90% CL) 0 ν T 1/2 = (0.69 - 4.18) ٠ 10 25 y (3 σ range) <m ββ > < 0.19 – 0.68 eV ► < m ßß > = 0.44 (0.3 – 1.24) eV ( ) Evidence remains unclear - confirmation Evidence remains unclear confirmation ßß needed with same & different isotopes LNGS, 2 March 2010 'What about GERDA?' 18 ► reduce background by O (100) for better K.T.Knöpfle sensitivity
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