Utilization of Off-Channel Habitats in the Entiat River by Juvenile - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Utilization of Off-Channel Habitats in the Entiat River by Juvenile Salmonids Nicholas Albrecht, Tom Desgroseillier, and Jeffrey Grote 2016 Upper Columbia Science Conference January 27-28, 2016

Entiat River History photographs courtesy of the Washington State Historical Society, CCD, Bureau of Reclamation, and U.S. Fish and Wildlife

Off-Channel Habitats • Importance for Fish – High Spatial Heterogeneity – Input of organic matter – Refugia from mainstem habitats – Predator avoidance – Improve survival and growth – Reduce competition for food and space

Goals • Help inform habitat restoration managers how fish are using side-channels • Help future side-channel habitat restoration projects meet their goals and objectives

Methods • Mark-Recapture – Mainstem(IMW) • Summer/Winter – Side-channel • Summer/Fall/Winter • Survival – Barker model • PIT Tag Interrogation

Juvenile Chinook

Juvenile Chinook Density in the Summer 2.5 3D (Upper) Tyee (Upper) 2.0 Wilson's (Upper) Density (Fish/m 2 ) SanRay (Upper) Harrison's (Upper) 1.5 Lower Upper 1.0 0.5 0.0 2012 2013 2014 Brood Year

Seasonal Trends in Juvenile Chinook Abundance Upper Sites Lower Sites Tyee SanRay 1000 1000 800 Summer Summer 800 Fall Fall Abundance Abundance Winter Winter 600 600 400 400 200 200 0 0 2012 2013 2014 2011 2012 2013 2014 Brood Year Brood Year

Survival Over-Summer Survival Over-Winter Survival 3D (Upper) 1.0 1.0 Apparent Survival Probability Apparent Survival Probability Tyee (Upper) Wilson's (Lower) SanRay (Lower) 0.8 0.8 Harrison's (Lower) 0.6 0.6 0.4 0.4 0.2 0.2 0.0 0.0 2012 2013 2012 2013 Brood Year Brood Year

Movement Summer Upper Sites Lower Sites Wilson's 3D 0.6 0.6 Proportion of Last Detection Proportion of Last Detection 0.5 0.5 Spring Summer Winter 0.4 0.4 Fall Summer Winter Fall 0.3 0.3 Spring 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0 1-10 11-30 31-60 61-90 91-120 121-150 151-180 181-210 211-240 More 0 1-10 11-30 31-60 61-90 91-120 121-150 151-180 181-210 211-240 More Days After Marking Days After Marking

Movement Fall Upper Sites Lower Sites Wilson's Tyee 0.6 Proportion of Last Detection 0.6 Proportion of Last Detection 0.5 0.5 Winter Spring 0.4 Fall Fall 0.4 Spring 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0 1-10 11-30 31-60 61-90 91-120 121-150 151-180 181-210 211-240 More 0 1-10 11-30 31-60 61-90 91-120 121-150 151-180 181-210 211-240 More Days After Marking Days After Marking

Movement Winter All Sites Wilson's 0.6 Proportion of Last Detection 0.5 Spring 0.4 Summer 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.0 0 1-10 11-30 31-60 61-90 91-120 121-150 151-180 181-210 211-240 More Days After Marking

Steelhead

Steelhead Density in the Summer 0.7 3D (Upper) 0.6 Tyee (Upper) Density (Fish/m 2 ) Wilson's (Lower) 0.5 SanRay (Lower) Harrison's (Lower) 0.4 Lower Upper 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.0 2013 2014 2015 Year

Steelhead Density in the Winter 3D (Upper) 0.7 Tyee (Upper) Wilson's (Lower) 0.6 SanRay (Lower) Harrison's (Lower) Density (Fish/m 2 ) 0.5 Lower Upper 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.0 2013 2014 2015 Year

Seasonal Trends in Steelhead Abundance All Sites SanRay 400 Summer Fall 300 Winter Abundance 200 100 0 2012 2013 2014 2015 Year

Survival Over-Summer Survival Over-Winter Survival 1.4 1.4 3D (Upper) Apparent Survival Probability Apparent Survival Probability Tyee (Upper) 1.2 1.2 Wilson's (Lower) SanRay (Lower) 1.0 1.0 Harrison's (Lower) 0.8 0.8 0.6 0.6 0.4 0.4 0.2 0.2 0.0 0.0 2013 2014 2013 2014 Year Year

Movement All Sites SanRay 0.35 Proportion of Last Detection Spring 0.30 Summer Fall 0.25 0.20 0.15 0.10 0.05 0.00 0 1-10 11-30 31-60 61-90 91-120 121-150 151-180 181-210 211-240 More Days After Marking

Movement All Sites SanRay 0.35 Proportion of Last Detection 0.30 Fall Winter 0.25 Spring Summer 0.20 0.15 0.10 0.05 0.00 0 1-10 11-30 31-60 61-90 91-120 121-150 151-180 181-210 211-240 More Days After Marking

Movement All Sites Harrison's 0.35 Proportion of Last Detection Winter 0.30 Spring Summer 0.25 Fall 0.20 0.15 0.10 0.05 0.00 0 1-10 11-30 31-60 61-90 91-120 121-150 151-180 181-210 211-240 More Days After Marking

Chinook Discussion/Relevance • Density/Abundance – Higher densities in side-channels than the mainstem – Spatial difference in seasonal abundance • Survival – Higher in Upper side-channels • Movement/Occupation – Spatial difference in occupation

Steelhead Discussion/Relevance • Density/Abundance – Low summer densities, but higher fall and winter densities – Increase in abundance from summer to fall/winter • Survival – Similiar survival between sites and spatial distribution of the sites • Movement/Occupation – 3 Periods of movement

Future Directions • Continuing project effectiveness monitoring in the off-channel habitats • Test the transferability of the Entiat information to other local watersheds • Provide input to habitat restoration managers