Using Visuals in Science Ben Rogers - Director of Curriculum and - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Using Visuals in Science Ben Rogers - Director of Curriculum and Pedagogy: Paradigm Trust problem teaching gesture memory solving

Using Visuals in Science Ben Rogers - Director of Curriculum and Pedagogy: Paradigm Trust problem teaching gesture memory solving

Memory

The Ebbinghaus Forgetting Curve - 1885 recall time

The Surprisingly Powerful Influence of Drawing on Learning The Picture Superiority Effect Stigma Stigma Stigma Stamen Stamen Stamen Ova Ova Ova

The Surprisingly Powerful Influence of Drawing on Learning The Picture Superiority Effect Source : Fernandez et al 2018

Teaching

Should I explain a visual? F 5N

Should I explain a visual? F 5N Source : Kalyuga, Chandler and Sweller (2000)

How should I explain my visual? ... ... ... ... This chart shows the temperature level rise over the past 170 years. Scientists say this is at least in part attributable to human activity - the artificial increase in CO 2 levels globally. verbal labeled separate text

How should I explain my visual? ... ... ... ... This chart shows the temperature level rise over the past 170 years. Scientists say this is at least in part attributable to human activity - the artificial increase in CO 2 levels globally. verbal labeled separate text retrieval Source : Moreno and Mayer 1990

Dual Coding A leaf has palisade cells which are Cell wall efficient at lignification absorbing strengthens the sunlight plant vascular body. Cells in the root (root hair cells) have a large surface area.

Dual Coding Split Attention 1 A leaf has palisade cells which are Cell wall efficient at 3 lignification absorbing strengthens the sunlight plant vascular body. 2 1. A leaf has palisade cells which are efficient at absorbing Cells in the root sunlight. (root hair cells) 2. Cells in the root (root hair cells) have a large surface area. have a large 3. Cell wall lignification strengthens the plant vascular body. surface area.

External Memory Working Memory Long Term Memory

External Memory Working Memory Long Term Memory

Teaching Organising Knowledge

Group Compare Sequence Cause and Effect

Different Similar Different

Both are The Earth orbits The Moon orbits approximately the Sun. the Earth. spherical. The Moon has no The Earth has Both rotate. atmosphere. liquid oceans. The Moon’s orbital The Earth has an period is the same Both have gravity. as its rotation atmosphere. period. Different Similar Different

Ishikawa Diagram - Cause and Effect

Ishikawa Diagram - Cause and Effect Deforestation Loss of carbon sink Global Warming CO 2 emissions Increased absorption Fossil fuels Melting ice-caps

Teaching Tidy Layouts Reduce Cognitive Load

Using the Grid

How should I explain my visual? ... ... ... ... This chart shows the temperature level rise over the past 170 years. Scientists say this is at least in part attributable to human activity - the artificial increase in CO 2 levels globally. verbal labeled separate text retrieval Source : Moreno and Mayer 1990

Layout Matters

Summary Explaining Images Labelling Images Tidiness Matters ● Explain images to ● Dual coding ● Use ‘the grid’ to novices (not to increases retention design slides experts) ● Avoid the Split ● Insist on tidy ● Verbal beats Attention Effect working labeled (at first)

Problem Solving

Computational Efficiency: Search and Inference One end of a rope is secured to the floor while the other end is passed through a pulley directly above. The free end of the rope is attached to a 5N weight. The weight is suspended by the rope. What is the size of the force required to suspend the pulley?

Computational Efficiency: Search and Inference One end of a rope is secured to the floor while F the other end is passed through a pulley directly above. The free end of the rope is attached to a 5N weight. The weight is suspended by the rope. T T What is the size of the force required to suspend the pulley? 5N Why a Diagmm is (Sometimes) Worth Ten Thousand Words : Larkin and Simon (1987)

How much detail? spring T masses x Retort stand mg This is a representational This is an explanatory visual: A demonstration, photo or visual : it shows where the it shows the relationship video shows too much detail parts go. between parts. for a novice.

concrete pictorial abstract

concrete pictorial concrete pictorial abstract abstract pictorial

Concrete and Abstract v t

Concrete and Abstract v t

1 Concrete 3 2 4

1 Concrete 3 2 4 GPE 1 Abstract KE 2 thermal GPE KE 3 thermal KE 4 thermal

Concrete Abstract thermal thermal thermal KE GPE KE GPE KE

Concrete Abstract GPE KE thermal

Concrete Abstract

Drawing with the Body “When thought overflows the mind, the mind puts it back into the world.” Tversky 2018

External Memory Working Memory Long Term Memory

External Memory Working Memory Long Term Memory

6 cup demonstration

Gestures Iconic - representing Beats - an action through gestures to gesture. punctuate a for list. Thinking 1 2 3 Deitic - pointing at Emblem - Metaphoric - imaginary objects. classroom hand signals gestures with which agreed meaning. represent abstract ideas.

Gestures for Thinking Metaphoric - hand signals which represent abstract ideas. Flow

Using Visuals in Science Ben Rogers - Director of Curriculum and Pedagogy: Paradigm Trust problem teaching gesture memory solving

Theoretical Influences in this Presentation Oliver Caviglioli Clark and Lyons Barbara Tversky

Graphical Influences in this Presentation Byrne’s Euclid Grid System xkcd