using oshw and oss for building your custom hardware
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Apr 03, 2023 •156 likes •1.46k views

Using OSHW and OSS for building your custom hardware platform Yet another talk about Olimex Lime2 hardware Priit Laes @plaes AboutPAF.com / K-Space.ee February 2, 2020 Priit Laes @plaes (AboutPAF.com / K-Space.ee) Using OSHW and OSS for

  1. Auditing the existing solution Hired by PAF in 2018 to take a look of existing hardware-software solution (also including the whole automated meter reporting backend) and improve it. Embedded software actually written in Java, storing data in local MySQL server and communicating remotely using HTTP Also has graphical interface acting on events and showing animations (1024x800 gifs) Boxes still running Ubuntu 12.04 Intel Atom D2500 CPU Priit Laes @plaes (AboutPAF.com / K-Space.ee) Using OSHW and OSS for building your custom hardware platform February 2, 2020 5 / 31

  2. Auditing the existing solution Hired by PAF in 2018 to take a look of existing hardware-software solution (also including the whole automated meter reporting backend) and improve it. Embedded software actually written in Java, storing data in local MySQL server and communicating remotely using HTTP Also has graphical interface acting on events and showing animations (1024x800 gifs) Boxes still running Ubuntu 12.04 Intel Atom D2500 CPU Initial plan: reuse existing hardware. Started with a clean install of latest Ubuntu LTS. Priit Laes @plaes (AboutPAF.com / K-Space.ee) Using OSHW and OSS for building your custom hardware platform February 2, 2020 5 / 31

  3. Auditing the existing solution Hired by PAF in 2018 to take a look of existing hardware-software solution (also including the whole automated meter reporting backend) and improve it. Embedded software actually written in Java, storing data in local MySQL server and communicating remotely using HTTP Also has graphical interface acting on events and showing animations (1024x800 gifs) Boxes still running Ubuntu 12.04 Intel Atom D2500 CPU Initial plan: reuse existing hardware. Started with a clean install of latest Ubuntu LTS. Result: Ubuntu installed, but no graphics driver for Intel GMA 3600 . Priit Laes @plaes (AboutPAF.com / K-Space.ee) Using OSHW and OSS for building your custom hardware platform February 2, 2020 5 / 31

  4. Auditing the existing solution Hired by PAF in 2018 to take a look of existing hardware-software solution (also including the whole automated meter reporting backend) and improve it. Embedded software actually written in Java, storing data in local MySQL server and communicating remotely using HTTP Also has graphical interface acting on events and showing animations (1024x800 gifs) Boxes still running Ubuntu 12.04 Intel Atom D2500 CPU Initial plan: reuse existing hardware. Started with a clean install of latest Ubuntu LTS. Result: Ubuntu installed, but no graphics driver for Intel GMA 3600 . Imagination Technologies PowerVR SGX 545 Priit Laes @plaes (AboutPAF.com / K-Space.ee) Using OSHW and OSS for building your custom hardware platform February 2, 2020 5 / 31

  5. Auditing the existing solution Hired by PAF in 2018 to take a look of existing hardware-software solution (also including the whole automated meter reporting backend) and improve it. Embedded software actually written in Java, storing data in local MySQL server and communicating remotely using HTTP Also has graphical interface acting on events and showing animations (1024x800 gifs) Boxes still running Ubuntu 12.04 Intel Atom D2500 CPU Initial plan: reuse existing hardware. Started with a clean install of latest Ubuntu LTS. Result: Ubuntu installed, but no graphics driver for Intel GMA 3600 . Imagination Technologies PowerVR SGX 545 Nope - Not gonna happen.. :( Priit Laes @plaes (AboutPAF.com / K-Space.ee) Using OSHW and OSS for building your custom hardware platform February 2, 2020 5 / 31

  6. Let’s go shopping Our requirements for ”slot” computer: Small form factor HDMI output USB Bunch of GPIOs Ethernet Proper storage (eMMC) Mainline u-boot / Linux Long term availability Cheap Priit Laes @plaes (AboutPAF.com / K-Space.ee) Using OSHW and OSS for building your custom hardware platform February 2, 2020 6 / 31

  7. Let’s go shopping Our requirements for ”slot” computer: Small form factor HDMI output USB Bunch of GPIOs Ethernet Proper storage (eMMC) Mainline u-boot / Linux Long term availability Cheap Priit Laes @plaes (AboutPAF.com / K-Space.ee) Using OSHW and OSS for building your custom hardware platform February 2, 2020 6 / 31

  8. Designing a shield for Lime2 Install KiCAD Priit Laes @plaes (AboutPAF.com / K-Space.ee) Using OSHW and OSS for building your custom hardware platform February 2, 2020 7 / 31

  9. Designing a shield for Lime2 Install KiCAD Draw schematic and select components Priit Laes @plaes (AboutPAF.com / K-Space.ee) Using OSHW and OSS for building your custom hardware platform February 2, 2020 7 / 31

  10. Designing a shield for Lime2 Install KiCAD Draw schematic and select components Design board Priit Laes @plaes (AboutPAF.com / K-Space.ee) Using OSHW and OSS for building your custom hardware platform February 2, 2020 7 / 31

  11. Designing a shield for Lime2 Install KiCAD Draw schematic and select components Design board Use A20 OLinuXino Lime2 SHIELD TEMPLATE from github:Olimex/OLINUXINO Priit Laes @plaes (AboutPAF.com / K-Space.ee) Using OSHW and OSS for building your custom hardware platform February 2, 2020 7 / 31

  12. Designing a shield for Lime2 Install KiCAD Draw schematic and select components Design board Use A20 OLinuXino Lime2 SHIELD TEMPLATE from github:Olimex/OLINUXINO ... No mounting holes? Priit Laes @plaes (AboutPAF.com / K-Space.ee) Using OSHW and OSS for building your custom hardware platform February 2, 2020 7 / 31

  13. Designing a shield for Lime2 Install KiCAD Draw schematic and select components Design board Use A20 OLinuXino Lime2 SHIELD TEMPLATE from github:Olimex/OLINUXINO ... No mounting holes? No problem, let’s open up the board file instead Priit Laes @plaes (AboutPAF.com / K-Space.ee) Using OSHW and OSS for building your custom hardware platform February 2, 2020 7 / 31

  14. Designing a shield for Lime2 Install KiCAD Draw schematic and select components Design board Use A20 OLinuXino Lime2 SHIELD TEMPLATE from github:Olimex/OLINUXINO ... No mounting holes? No problem, let’s open up the board file instead... Wait.. It’s Eagle? Priit Laes @plaes (AboutPAF.com / K-Space.ee) Using OSHW and OSS for building your custom hardware platform February 2, 2020 7 / 31

  15. Designing a shield for Lime2 Install KiCAD Draw schematic and select components Design board Use A20 OLinuXino Lime2 SHIELD TEMPLATE from github:Olimex/OLINUXINO ... No mounting holes? No problem, let’s open up the board file instead... Wait.. It’s Eagle? No problem, let’s just use KiCAD’s Eagle import Priit Laes @plaes (AboutPAF.com / K-Space.ee) Using OSHW and OSS for building your custom hardware platform February 2, 2020 7 / 31

  16. Designing a shield for Lime2 Install KiCAD Draw schematic and select components Design board Use A20 OLinuXino Lime2 SHIELD TEMPLATE from github:Olimex/OLINUXINO ... No mounting holes? No problem, let’s open up the board file instead... Wait.. It’s Eagle? No problem, let’s just use KiCAD’s Eagle import... Wait.. It’s old binary Eagle format? Priit Laes @plaes (AboutPAF.com / K-Space.ee) Using OSHW and OSS for building your custom hardware platform February 2, 2020 7 / 31

  17. Designing a shield for Lime2 Install KiCAD Draw schematic and select components Design board Use A20 OLinuXino Lime2 SHIELD TEMPLATE from github:Olimex/OLINUXINO ... No mounting holes? No problem, let’s open up the board file instead... Wait.. It’s Eagle? No problem, let’s just use KiCAD’s Eagle import... Wait.. It’s old binary Eagle format? Install Eagle and figure out which layers to export... Priit Laes @plaes (AboutPAF.com / K-Space.ee) Using OSHW and OSS for building your custom hardware platform February 2, 2020 7 / 31

  18. Designing a shield for Lime2 Install KiCAD Draw schematic and select components Design board Use A20 OLinuXino Lime2 SHIELD TEMPLATE from github:Olimex/OLINUXINO ... No mounting holes? No problem, let’s open up the board file instead... Wait.. It’s Eagle? No problem, let’s just use KiCAD’s Eagle import... Wait.. It’s old binary Eagle format? Install Eagle and figure out which layers to export... In case anyone else needs that, the layers are: Dimension, tKeepout, Drills, tDocu Priit Laes @plaes (AboutPAF.com / K-Space.ee) Using OSHW and OSS for building your custom hardware platform February 2, 2020 7 / 31

  19. Designing a shield for Lime2 Install KiCAD Draw schematic and select components Design board Use A20 OLinuXino Lime2 SHIELD TEMPLATE from github:Olimex/OLINUXINO ... No mounting holes? No problem, let’s open up the board file instead... Wait.. It’s Eagle? No problem, let’s just use KiCAD’s Eagle import... Wait.. It’s old binary Eagle format? Install Eagle and figure out which layers to export... In case anyone else needs that, the layers are: Dimension, tKeepout, Drills, tDocu Import the .dxf into the template layout and position it Priit Laes @plaes (AboutPAF.com / K-Space.ee) Using OSHW and OSS for building your custom hardware platform February 2, 2020 7 / 31

  20. Designing a shield for Lime2 Install KiCAD Draw schematic and select components Design board Use A20 OLinuXino Lime2 SHIELD TEMPLATE from github:Olimex/OLINUXINO ... No mounting holes? No problem, let’s open up the board file instead... Wait.. It’s Eagle? No problem, let’s just use KiCAD’s Eagle import... Wait.. It’s old binary Eagle format? Install Eagle and figure out which layers to export... In case anyone else needs that, the layers are: Dimension, tKeepout, Drills, tDocu Import the .dxf into the template layout and position it Finish layout Priit Laes @plaes (AboutPAF.com / K-Space.ee) Using OSHW and OSS for building your custom hardware platform February 2, 2020 7 / 31

  21. Almost ready? Priit Laes @plaes (AboutPAF.com / K-Space.ee) Using OSHW and OSS for building your custom hardware platform February 2, 2020 8 / 31

  22. Almost ready? Are we there yet? Priit Laes @plaes (AboutPAF.com / K-Space.ee) Using OSHW and OSS for building your custom hardware platform February 2, 2020 8 / 31

  23. Almost ready? Are we there yet? Build (or order) the board Order components Solder it together Test it Priit Laes @plaes (AboutPAF.com / K-Space.ee) Using OSHW and OSS for building your custom hardware platform February 2, 2020 8 / 31

  24. K-Space.ee Hackerspace in Tallinn, Estonia Community driven co-working and meeting space. Priit Laes @plaes (AboutPAF.com / K-Space.ee) Using OSHW and OSS for building your custom hardware platform February 2, 2020 9 / 31

  25. K-Space.ee Hackerspace in Tallinn, Estonia Community driven co-working and meeting space. Basic fabrication capabilities Priit Laes @plaes (AboutPAF.com / K-Space.ee) Using OSHW and OSS for building your custom hardware platform February 2, 2020 9 / 31

  26. K-Space.ee Hackerspace in Tallinn, Estonia Community driven co-working and meeting space. Basic fabrication capabilities 3D printer CNC machine Laser cutter SMD reflow oven Priit Laes @plaes (AboutPAF.com / K-Space.ee) Using OSHW and OSS for building your custom hardware platform February 2, 2020 9 / 31

  27. K-Space.ee Hackerspace in Tallinn, Estonia Community driven co-working and meeting space. Basic fabrication capabilities 3D printer CNC machine Laser cutter SMD reflow oven Our own server room with bunch of full-size racks. Priit Laes @plaes (AboutPAF.com / K-Space.ee) Using OSHW and OSS for building your custom hardware platform February 2, 2020 9 / 31

  28. K-Space.ee Hackerspace in Tallinn, Estonia Community driven co-working and meeting space. Basic fabrication capabilities 3D printer CNC machine Laser cutter SMD reflow oven Our own server room with bunch of full-size racks. Also home to Armbian.com :) Priit Laes @plaes (AboutPAF.com / K-Space.ee) Using OSHW and OSS for building your custom hardware platform February 2, 2020 9 / 31

  29. Milling your own PCB? Howto steps for the K-Space CNC in our wiki: Export front, back, drill and outline Gerbers from your favourite PCB design software Convert Gerbers to G-code using pcb2gcode command below (on next slide) Dump the files to the K-Space Nextcloud share Approach the CNC setup, in web browser open bookmarked link for the same share, download files Under supervision by Lauri , Kaarel or Silver : mill front, drill holes, flip, mill back, cut outline Priit Laes @plaes (AboutPAF.com / K-Space.ee) Using OSHW and OSS for building your custom hardware platform February 2, 2020 10 / 31

  30. Generating G-code using pcb2gcode (1) KiCAD already generated our gerbers, so let’s turn it something that CNC can eat.. Priit Laes @plaes (AboutPAF.com / K-Space.ee) Using OSHW and OSS for building your custom hardware platform February 2, 2020 11 / 31

  31. Generating G-code using pcb2gcode (1) KiCAD already generated our gerbers, so let’s turn it something that CNC can eat.. git clone https://github.com/pcb2gcode/pcb2gcode/ cd pcb2gcode # Pull usable version git checkout eeee27db62b6b447f84d020cd80a65a81daa54b1 apt install libboost-all-dev libgtkmm-2.4-dev gerbv shtool autogen autoreconf -fv ./configure --prefix=$HOME/opt make -j4 && make install Priit Laes @plaes (AboutPAF.com / K-Space.ee) Using OSHW and OSS for building your custom hardware platform February 2, 2020 11 / 31

  32. Generating G-code using pcb2gcode (2) pcb2gcode --vectorial \ --software linuxcnc --zero-start --tile-x 3 --tile-y 2 \ --front *-F.Cu.g* --front-output front.ngc \ --back *-B.Cu.g* --back-output back.ngc \ --drill *.drl --drill-output drill.ngc --drill-side back \ --outline *-Edge.Cuts.g* --outline-output cutout.ngc \ --metric --metricoutput --noconfigfile \ --zsafe 1 --zchange 100 \ --cut-feed 150 --cut-speed 6000 --cut-infeed 0.6 --zcut -1.5 \ --zbridges -1 --bridges 3 --bridgesnum 4 --cutter-diameter 2 \ --mill-feed 500 --mill-speed 6000 --zwork -0.2 --offset 0.2 \ --drill-feed 500 --drill-speed 6000 --zdrill -3 \ --spindown-time 2 --spinup-time 2 Priit Laes @plaes (AboutPAF.com / K-Space.ee) Using OSHW and OSS for building your custom hardware platform February 2, 2020 12 / 31

  33. Figure: First fit! Priit Laes @plaes (AboutPAF.com / K-Space.ee) Using OSHW and OSS for building your custom hardware platform February 2, 2020 13 / 31

  34. Figure: First fit! Figure: Why does it not work?! Priit Laes @plaes (AboutPAF.com / K-Space.ee) Using OSHW and OSS for building your custom hardware platform February 2, 2020 13 / 31

  35. Figure: First fit! Figure: Why does it not work?! Conclusion: CNC is too much work.. Let’s try the fabs. Priit Laes @plaes (AboutPAF.com / K-Space.ee) Using OSHW and OSS for building your custom hardware platform February 2, 2020 13 / 31

  36. Figure: First fit! Figure: Why does it not work?! Conclusion: CNC is too much work.. Let’s try the fabs. Priit Laes @plaes (AboutPAF.com / K-Space.ee) Using OSHW and OSS for building your custom hardware platform February 2, 2020 13 / 31

  37. PCBs from a fab house? Buying locally vs from China? Priit Laes @plaes (AboutPAF.com / K-Space.ee) Using OSHW and OSS for building your custom hardware platform February 2, 2020 14 / 31

  38. PCBs from a fab house? Buying locally vs from China? 3 weeks vs 1.5 weeks (with shipping from China). Priit Laes @plaes (AboutPAF.com / K-Space.ee) Using OSHW and OSS for building your custom hardware platform February 2, 2020 14 / 31

  39. PCBs from a fab house? Buying locally vs from China? 3 weeks vs 1.5 weeks (with shipping from China). Not going to mention the cost (even when using ”insert brandnames here” for shipping. Priit Laes @plaes (AboutPAF.com / K-Space.ee) Using OSHW and OSS for building your custom hardware platform February 2, 2020 14 / 31

  40. PCBs from a fab house? Buying locally vs from China? 3 weeks vs 1.5 weeks (with shipping from China). Not going to mention the cost (even when using ”insert brandnames here” for shipping. Priit Laes @plaes (AboutPAF.com / K-Space.ee) Using OSHW and OSS for building your custom hardware platform February 2, 2020 14 / 31

  41. Software platform (1) Olimex Lime2-eMMC running Debian stable (aka Ticket Check Device) ◮ Somewhat custom kernel and bootloader setup ◮ We build our own .deb from mainline kernel (with some extra configuration options) ◮ Our own software on devices is also packaged as .deb packages Priit Laes @plaes (AboutPAF.com / K-Space.ee) Using OSHW and OSS for building your custom hardware platform February 2, 2020 15 / 31

  42. Software platform (1) Olimex Lime2-eMMC running Debian stable (aka Ticket Check Device) ◮ Somewhat custom kernel and bootloader setup ◮ We build our own .deb from mainline kernel (with some extra configuration options) ◮ Our own software on devices is also packaged as .deb packages ◮ Applications written in Python: Gtk+ and Gstreamer Priit Laes @plaes (AboutPAF.com / K-Space.ee) Using OSHW and OSS for building your custom hardware platform February 2, 2020 15 / 31

  43. Software platform (1) Olimex Lime2-eMMC running Debian stable (aka Ticket Check Device) ◮ Somewhat custom kernel and bootloader setup ◮ We build our own .deb from mainline kernel (with some extra configuration options) ◮ Our own software on devices is also packaged as .deb packages ◮ Applications written in Python: Gtk+ and Gstreamer ◮ Light media player on ships not under Estonian flag - no interaction with slot machine Priit Laes @plaes (AboutPAF.com / K-Space.ee) Using OSHW and OSS for building your custom hardware platform February 2, 2020 15 / 31

  44. Software platform (1) Olimex Lime2-eMMC running Debian stable (aka Ticket Check Device) ◮ Somewhat custom kernel and bootloader setup ◮ We build our own .deb from mainline kernel (with some extra configuration options) ◮ Our own software on devices is also packaged as .deb packages ◮ Applications written in Python: Gtk+ and Gstreamer ◮ Light media player on ships not under Estonian flag - no interaction with slot machine ◮ Ticket check application - interacting with slot machine (clicking a single relay) ...requires some udev GPIO magic Priit Laes @plaes (AboutPAF.com / K-Space.ee) Using OSHW and OSS for building your custom hardware platform February 2, 2020 15 / 31

  45. Software platform (1) Olimex Lime2-eMMC running Debian stable (aka Ticket Check Device) ◮ Somewhat custom kernel and bootloader setup ◮ We build our own .deb from mainline kernel (with some extra configuration options) ◮ Our own software on devices is also packaged as .deb packages ◮ Applications written in Python: Gtk+ and Gstreamer ◮ Light media player on ships not under Estonian flag - no interaction with slot machine ◮ Ticket check application - interacting with slot machine (clicking a single relay) ...requires some udev GPIO magic ◮ Ticket check device for tables - Lime2 with I2C display for croupiers ...using devicetree overlays Priit Laes @plaes (AboutPAF.com / K-Space.ee) Using OSHW and OSS for building your custom hardware platform February 2, 2020 15 / 31

  46. Software platform (2) Central server on each ship (either VM or physical host) Priit Laes @plaes (AboutPAF.com / K-Space.ee) Using OSHW and OSS for building your custom hardware platform February 2, 2020 16 / 31

  47. Software platform (2) Central server on each ship (either VM or physical host) ◮ Acts as a ”gateway” with API translation layers - same gateway API for all the ships Priit Laes @plaes (AboutPAF.com / K-Space.ee) Using OSHW and OSS for building your custom hardware platform February 2, 2020 16 / 31

  48. Software platform (2) Central server on each ship (either VM or physical host) ◮ Acts as a ”gateway” with API translation layers - same gateway API for all the ships ◮ Translates queries towards ship passenger database and compares results against block list Priit Laes @plaes (AboutPAF.com / K-Space.ee) Using OSHW and OSS for building your custom hardware platform February 2, 2020 16 / 31

  49. Software platform (2) Central server on each ship (either VM or physical host) ◮ Acts as a ”gateway” with API translation layers - same gateway API for all the ships ◮ Translates queries towards ship passenger database and compares results against block list ◮ Hosts a ”hashed” version of gambling block list - no sensitive data on Lime2 devices Priit Laes @plaes (AboutPAF.com / K-Space.ee) Using OSHW and OSS for building your custom hardware platform February 2, 2020 16 / 31

  50. Software platform (2) Central server on each ship (either VM or physical host) ◮ Acts as a ”gateway” with API translation layers - same gateway API for all the ships ◮ Translates queries towards ship passenger database and compares results against block list ◮ Hosts a ”hashed” version of gambling block list - no sensitive data on Lime2 devices ◮ Central host to look up Lime2 devices on board (using Avahi for lookup) Priit Laes @plaes (AboutPAF.com / K-Space.ee) Using OSHW and OSS for building your custom hardware platform February 2, 2020 16 / 31

  51. Software platform (2) Central server on each ship (either VM or physical host) ◮ Acts as a ”gateway” with API translation layers - same gateway API for all the ships ◮ Translates queries towards ship passenger database and compares results against block list ◮ Hosts a ”hashed” version of gambling block list - no sensitive data on Lime2 devices ◮ Central host to look up Lime2 devices on board (using Avahi for lookup) ◮ WIP: Hosts our own APT repository (Aptly) ◮ WIP: Log collection and aggregation (rsyslog) ◮ TODO: Proper monitoring... (MQTT maybe?) Priit Laes @plaes (AboutPAF.com / K-Space.ee) Using OSHW and OSS for building your custom hardware platform February 2, 2020 16 / 31

  52. Software platform (3) Provisioning Lime2 devices in two minutes Prerequisites ( sunxi-fel and fastboot ): ◮ u-boot image ◮ Basic Debian image 325MB with ssh keys and avahi service ◮ Image for ESP partition containing boot scripts for u-boot Priit Laes @plaes (AboutPAF.com / K-Space.ee) Using OSHW and OSS for building your custom hardware platform February 2, 2020 17 / 31

  53. Software platform (3) Provisioning Lime2 devices in two minutes Prerequisites ( sunxi-fel and fastboot ): ◮ u-boot image ◮ Basic Debian image 325MB with ssh keys and avahi service ◮ Image for ESP partition containing boot scripts for u-boot Preparation tasks (collect MAC address and format eMMC): ◮ sunxi-fel uboot $DATA/u-boot-sunxi-with-spl.bin write 0x43100000 $DATA/env.txt ◮ echo $(fastboot getvar uboot:ethaddr 2>&1|head -n 1 |cut -f 3- -d ’:’ ) ◮ fastboot oem format && fastboot reboot Priit Laes @plaes (AboutPAF.com / K-Space.ee) Using OSHW and OSS for building your custom hardware platform February 2, 2020 17 / 31

  54. Software platform (3) Provisioning Lime2 devices in two minutes Prerequisites ( sunxi-fel and fastboot ): ◮ u-boot image ◮ Basic Debian image 325MB with ssh keys and avahi service ◮ Image for ESP partition containing boot scripts for u-boot Preparation tasks (collect MAC address and format eMMC): ◮ sunxi-fel uboot $DATA/u-boot-sunxi-with-spl.bin write 0x43100000 $DATA/env.txt ◮ echo $(fastboot getvar uboot:ethaddr 2>&1|head -n 1 |cut -f 3- -d ’:’ ) ◮ fastboot oem format && fastboot reboot And now the flashing process: ◮ sunxi-fel spiflash-write 0 $DATA/u-boot-sunxi-with-spl.bin ◮ sunxi-fel uboot $DATA/u-boot-sunxi-with-spl.bin write 0x43100000 $DATA/env.txt ◮ fastboot flash esp $DATA/esp.img ◮ fastboot flash system $DATA/tcd-base-debian-buster.img Priit Laes @plaes (AboutPAF.com / K-Space.ee) Using OSHW and OSS for building your custom hardware platform February 2, 2020 17 / 31

  55. Software platform (3) Provisioning Lime2 devices in two minutes Prerequisites ( sunxi-fel and fastboot ): ◮ u-boot image ◮ Basic Debian image 325MB with ssh keys and avahi service ◮ Image for ESP partition containing boot scripts for u-boot Preparation tasks (collect MAC address and format eMMC): ◮ sunxi-fel uboot $DATA/u-boot-sunxi-with-spl.bin write 0x43100000 $DATA/env.txt ◮ echo $(fastboot getvar uboot:ethaddr 2>&1|head -n 1 |cut -f 3- -d ’:’ ) ◮ fastboot oem format && fastboot reboot And now the flashing process: ◮ sunxi-fel spiflash-write 0 $DATA/u-boot-sunxi-with-spl.bin ◮ sunxi-fel uboot $DATA/u-boot-sunxi-with-spl.bin write 0x43100000 $DATA/env.txt ◮ fastboot flash esp $DATA/esp.img ◮ fastboot flash system $DATA/tcd-base-debian-buster.img And now we can continue with ansible-playbook Priit Laes @plaes (AboutPAF.com / K-Space.ee) Using OSHW and OSS for building your custom hardware platform February 2, 2020 17 / 31

  56. Software platform (4) Ansible playbooks for post-flash (we can run these in parallel): Priit Laes @plaes (AboutPAF.com / K-Space.ee) Using OSHW and OSS for building your custom hardware platform February 2, 2020 18 / 31

  57. Software platform (4) Ansible playbooks for post-flash (we can run these in parallel): bootstrap ◮ resize root file system ◮ regenerate ssh host keys ◮ ”fix” the hostname Priit Laes @plaes (AboutPAF.com / K-Space.ee) Using OSHW and OSS for building your custom hardware platform February 2, 2020 18 / 31

  58. Software platform (4) Ansible playbooks for post-flash (we can run these in parallel): bootstrap ◮ resize root file system ◮ regenerate ssh host keys ◮ ”fix” the hostname Run ship-specific setup: ◮ Set up Xorg ◮ Set up service user ◮ Install required packages (our own TCD application) Priit Laes @plaes (AboutPAF.com / K-Space.ee) Using OSHW and OSS for building your custom hardware platform February 2, 2020 18 / 31

  59. Software platform (4) Ansible playbooks for post-flash (we can run these in parallel): bootstrap ◮ resize root file system ◮ regenerate ssh host keys ◮ ”fix” the hostname Run ship-specific setup: ◮ Set up Xorg ◮ Set up service user ◮ Install required packages (our own TCD application) Update the static DNS record in /etc/hosts with correct IP for ship gateway Priit Laes @plaes (AboutPAF.com / K-Space.ee) Using OSHW and OSS for building your custom hardware platform February 2, 2020 18 / 31

  60. Software platform (4) Ansible playbooks for post-flash (we can run these in parallel): bootstrap ◮ resize root file system ◮ regenerate ssh host keys ◮ ”fix” the hostname Run ship-specific setup: ◮ Set up Xorg ◮ Set up service user ◮ Install required packages (our own TCD application) Update the static DNS record in /etc/hosts with correct IP for ship gateway Update the avahi service txt-record with the correct slot location Priit Laes @plaes (AboutPAF.com / K-Space.ee) Using OSHW and OSS for building your custom hardware platform February 2, 2020 18 / 31

  61. Software platform (5) How do we know the location of the devices? Each device advertises its location using avahi service record: $ cat /etc/avahi/services/paf-ssh.service <?xml version="1.0" standalone=’no’?><!--*-nxml-*--> <!DOCTYPE service-group SYSTEM "avahi-service.dtd"> <service-group> <name replace-wildcards="yes">PAF ssh %h</name> <service> <type>_ssh._tcp</type> <port>22</port> <txt-record>slot=unknown</txt-record> </service> </service-group> Priit Laes @plaes (AboutPAF.com / K-Space.ee) Using OSHW and OSS for building your custom hardware platform February 2, 2020 19 / 31

  62. Software platform (5) How do we know the location of the devices? Each device advertises its location using avahi service record: $ cat /etc/avahi/services/paf-ssh.service <?xml version="1.0" standalone=’no’?><!--*-nxml-*--> <!DOCTYPE service-group SYSTEM "avahi-service.dtd"> <service-group> <name replace-wildcards="yes">PAF ssh %h</name> <service> <type>_ssh._tcp</type> <port>22</port> <txt-record>slot=unknown</txt-record> </service> </service-group> $ avahi-browse -d local ssh. tcp --resolve -t -p |grep slot Priit Laes @plaes (AboutPAF.com / K-Space.ee) Using OSHW and OSS for building your custom hardware platform February 2, 2020 19 / 31

  63. Bonus: Hardware picture Figure: Gen. 1 of TCD Hardware (2009?) Figure: Gen. 2 of TCD Hardware (2015?) Priit Laes @plaes (AboutPAF.com / K-Space.ee) Using OSHW and OSS for building your custom hardware platform February 2, 2020 20 / 31

  64. Bonus: Hardware picture Figure: Gen. 1 of TCD Hardware (2009?) Figure: Gen. 2 of TCD Hardware (2015?) PAF In-House TCD Hardware Priit Laes @plaes (AboutPAF.com / K-Space.ee) Using OSHW and OSS for building your custom hardware platform February 2, 2020 20 / 31

  65. Overview of problems encountered and solved Priit Laes @plaes (AboutPAF.com / K-Space.ee) Using OSHW and OSS for building your custom hardware platform February 2, 2020 21 / 31

  66. GPIO pins not working? Symptom: GPIO pin not being able to push out 3.3V to trigger relay. Priit Laes @plaes (AboutPAF.com / K-Space.ee) Using OSHW and OSS for building your custom hardware platform February 2, 2020 22 / 31

  67. GPIO pins not working? Symptom: GPIO pin not being able to push out 3.3V to trigger relay. Cause: Missing regulators for GPIO banks: +++ b/arch/arm/boot/dts/sun7i-a20-olinuxino-lime2.dts &pio { + vcc-pa-supply = <&reg_vcc3v3>; + vcc-pc-supply = <&reg_vcc3v3>; + vcc-pe-supply = <&reg_ldo3>; + vcc-pf-supply = <&reg_vcc3v3>; + vcc-pg-supply = <&reg_ldo4>; + led_pins_olinuxinolime: led-pins { pins = "PH2"; function = "gpio_out"; Priit Laes @plaes (AboutPAF.com / K-Space.ee) Using OSHW and OSS for building your custom hardware platform February 2, 2020 22 / 31

  68. Failure to boot from eMMC Symptom : Occasional boot failures from eMMC Priit Laes @plaes (AboutPAF.com / K-Space.ee) Using OSHW and OSS for building your custom hardware platform February 2, 2020 23 / 31

  69. Failure to boot from eMMC Symptom : Occasional boot failures from eMMC Path to solution : Initial testing and setups were done on Olimex Lime2 rev.G2 boards. Priit Laes @plaes (AboutPAF.com / K-Space.ee) Using OSHW and OSS for building your custom hardware platform February 2, 2020 23 / 31

  70. Failure to boot from eMMC Symptom : Occasional boot failures from eMMC Path to solution : Initial testing and setups were done on Olimex Lime2 rev.G2 boards. Second batch for deployment (around 35 devices for prodution) were rev.K Priit Laes @plaes (AboutPAF.com / K-Space.ee) Using OSHW and OSS for building your custom hardware platform February 2, 2020 23 / 31

  71. Failure to boot from eMMC Symptom : Occasional boot failures from eMMC Path to solution : Initial testing and setups were done on Olimex Lime2 rev.G2 boards. Second batch for deployment (around 35 devices for prodution) were rev.K We cut some corners and ship devices running Armbian from sdcard Priit Laes @plaes (AboutPAF.com / K-Space.ee) Using OSHW and OSS for building your custom hardware platform February 2, 2020 23 / 31

  72. Failure to boot from eMMC Symptom : Occasional boot failures from eMMC Path to solution : Initial testing and setups were done on Olimex Lime2 rev.G2 boards. Second batch for deployment (around 35 devices for prodution) were rev.K We cut some corners and ship devices running Armbian from sdcard Cause : eMMC chip was changed - Olimex agrees to fix boards Priit Laes @plaes (AboutPAF.com / K-Space.ee) Using OSHW and OSS for building your custom hardware platform February 2, 2020 23 / 31

  73. Failure to boot from eMMC Symptom : Occasional boot failures from eMMC Path to solution : Initial testing and setups were done on Olimex Lime2 rev.G2 boards. Second batch for deployment (around 35 devices for prodution) were rev.K We cut some corners and ship devices running Armbian from sdcard Cause : eMMC chip was changed - Olimex agrees to fix boards Problem: devices have been already deployed Priit Laes @plaes (AboutPAF.com / K-Space.ee) Using OSHW and OSS for building your custom hardware platform February 2, 2020 23 / 31

  74. Failure to boot from eMMC Symptom : Occasional boot failures from eMMC Path to solution : Initial testing and setups were done on Olimex Lime2 rev.G2 boards. Second batch for deployment (around 35 devices for prodution) were rev.K We cut some corners and ship devices running Armbian from sdcard Cause : eMMC chip was changed - Olimex agrees to fix boards Problem: devices have been already deployed Order second batch of devices - test and find more boot issues (1 out of 8 boots fails) Priit Laes @plaes (AboutPAF.com / K-Space.ee) Using OSHW and OSS for building your custom hardware platform February 2, 2020 23 / 31

  75. Failure to boot from eMMC Symptom : Occasional boot failures from eMMC Path to solution : Initial testing and setups were done on Olimex Lime2 rev.G2 boards. Second batch for deployment (around 35 devices for prodution) were rev.K We cut some corners and ship devices running Armbian from sdcard Cause : eMMC chip was changed - Olimex agrees to fix boards Problem: devices have been already deployed Order second batch of devices - test and find more boot issues (1 out of 8 boots fails) Olimex aknowledges the second issue, adds SPI eeprom and we send our boards back Priit Laes @plaes (AboutPAF.com / K-Space.ee) Using OSHW and OSS for building your custom hardware platform February 2, 2020 23 / 31

  76. Failure to boot from eMMC Symptom : Occasional boot failures from eMMC Path to solution : Initial testing and setups were done on Olimex Lime2 rev.G2 boards. Second batch for deployment (around 35 devices for prodution) were rev.K We cut some corners and ship devices running Armbian from sdcard Cause : eMMC chip was changed - Olimex agrees to fix boards Problem: devices have been already deployed Order second batch of devices - test and find more boot issues (1 out of 8 boots fails) Olimex aknowledges the second issue, adds SPI eeprom and we send our boards back Lots of device shuffling from our side Priit Laes @plaes (AboutPAF.com / K-Space.ee) Using OSHW and OSS for building your custom hardware platform February 2, 2020 23 / 31

  77. Device hangs after reboot in bootloader Symptom : Device hangs in bootloader after reboot Priit Laes @plaes (AboutPAF.com / K-Space.ee) Using OSHW and OSS for building your custom hardware platform February 2, 2020 24 / 31

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