Section G: Sustainability Assessment and Policies URBAN FREIGHT TRANSPORT MEASURES: URBAN FREIGHT TRANSPORT MEASURES: ENVIRONMENTAL EVIDENCES FROM THE CITIES Francesco Russo Department of Computer Science Mathematics Electronics and Transportation Department of Computer Science, Mathematics, Electronics and Transportation Mediterranea University of Reggio Calabria francesco.russo@unirc.it Antonio Comi A t i C i Department of Enterprise Engineering University of Roma Tor Vergata comi@ing.uniroma2.it comi@ing.uniroma2.it Dept. of Enterprise Engineering “Tor Vergata” University of Rome
F. Russo and A. Comi, Urban freight transport measures: environmental evidences from the cities Summary Summary � Introduction � Urban Freight Transport and City Logistics Measures g p y g � Results and Discussion � Aggregate class outcomes � Disaggregate class outcomes � Conclusions Dept. of Enterprise Engineering 2 “Tor Vergata” University of Rome
F. Russo and A. Comi, Urban freight transport measures: environmental evidences from the cities Summary Summary � Introduction � Urban Freight Transport and City Logistics Measures g p y g � Results and Discussion � Aggregate class outcomes � Disaggregate class outcomes � Conclusions Dept. of Enterprise Engineering 3 “Tor Vergata” University of Rome
F. Russo and A. Comi, Urban freight transport measures: environmental evidences from the cities Introduction Introduction Growing g interest in the concepts p of sustainable development it meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs (Brundtland Commission, 1987) Generational Equilibrium (Naccari Carlizzi, 2010) borrowing from the future (Mahatma Gandhi) on SUSTAINABLE TRANSPORT on SUSTAINABLE TRANSPORT a sustainable transport system is one that is accessible, safe, environmentally-friendly and affordable (ECMT, 2004) y y ( , ) Dept. of Enterprise Engineering 4 “Tor Vergata” University of Rome
F. Russo and A. Comi, Urban freight transport measures: environmental evidences from the cities Introduction Introduction The current development must be characterized by the p y definition of (European Commission, 2001) � Economic sustainability � Environmental sustainability � E i t l t i bilit � Social sustainability � Social sustainability Dept. of Enterprise Engineering 5 “Tor Vergata” University of Rome
F. Russo and A. Comi, Urban freight transport measures: environmental evidences from the cities Introduction Introduction The rapid freight transportation increasing in urban and p g p g metropolitan areas contributes to � congestion air pollution noise ( environmental ) � congestion, air pollution, noise ( environmental ), � raise logistic costs, and hence the price of products ( economic ), ( eco o c ), � have a combination of different types of vehicles on the road that increases the risk of accidents ( social ). ( ) solutions to the problems in the city centres that reduce the impacts of urban goods movements without penalising the life of the city ( sustainable city logistics solutions/measures ) of the city ( sustainable city logistics solutions/measures ) Dept. of Enterprise Engineering 6 “Tor Vergata” University of Rome
F. Russo and A. Comi, Urban freight transport measures: environmental evidences from the cities Introduction Objectives solutions to the problems in the p city centres, and its main goals is the research of solutions that Sustainable city logistics reduce the impacts of urban reduce the impacts of urban goods movements without penalising the life of the city As it happens in passenger mobility we can face the problems related to externalities due to transport addressing to transit. It allows us to do not li i d dd i i I ll d reduce accessibility and penalise the life of the city. At the same way, city logistics has to investigate the possible solutions that allow us to reduce externalities, to increase sustainability without damaging the city life. Dept. of Enterprise Engineering 7 “Tor Vergata” University of Rome
F. Russo and A. Comi, Urban freight transport measures: environmental evidences from the cities Introduction Objectives S l ti Solution Travellers Transit Transit Solution Solution Goods City logistics y g Dept. of Enterprise Engineering 8 “Tor Vergata” University of Rome
F. Russo and A. Comi, Urban freight transport measures: environmental evidences from the cities Introduction Objectives ex-post assessment maximum expected reduction of externalities reduction of externalities city logistics measures to be ex-ante assessed Dept. of Enterprise Engineering 9 “Tor Vergata” University of Rome
F. Russo and A. Comi, Urban freight transport measures: environmental evidences from the cities Introduction Objectives in a “what if” framework support the strong strong definition of city d fi iti f it references to recall the logistics the ex-post by simulation implementing scenarios that assessment assessment models models measures should have to carried out in be evaluated order to ex-ante Pre-guide that could be used in an ex-ante assessment methodology in order to identify which measure (or set of measures) works better in a given city in relation to the goals of environmental sustainability to be pursued relation to the goals of environmental sustainability to be pursued . Dept. of Enterprise Engineering 10 “Tor Vergata” University of Rome
F. Russo and A. Comi, Urban freight transport measures: environmental evidences from the cities Introduction Example of urban freight model system Russo, F. and Comi, A. (2010). A modelling system to simulate goods movements at an urban scale. In Transportation 37 (6) , Dept. of Enterprise Engineering 11 DOI: 10.1007/s11116-010-9276-y, Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, 987-1009. “Tor Vergata” University of Rome
F. Russo and A. Comi, Urban freight transport measures: environmental evidences from the cities Summary Summary � Introduction � Urban Freight Transport and City Logistics Measures g p y g � Results and Discussion � Aggregate class outcomes � Disaggregate class outcomes � Conclusions Dept. of Enterprise Engineering 12 “Tor Vergata” University of Rome
F. Russo and A. Comi, Urban freight transport measures: environmental evidences from the cities Urban Freight Transport Urban Freight Transport � External costs due to urban transport (Italy) � External costs due to urban transport (Italy) [in cent €/pass-km and cent €/t-km] Greenhouse Pollutant Noise Safety Congestion Total Passengers 1.17 4.84 2.62 5.44 4.38 18.17 Freight 1.73 24.81 5.31 0.3 10.79 44.94 • Light Goods 0.71 9.94 2.39 0.2 4.17 18.66 Vehicles • Heavy Goods 1 02 1.02 14.87 14 87 2 92 2.92 0 1 0.1 6 62 6.62 26.28 26.28 Vehicles Source: Uniontrasporti (2009) ( ) Dept. of Enterprise Engineering 13 “Tor Vergata” University of Rome
F. Russo and A. Comi, Urban freight transport measures: environmental evidences from the cities Urban Freight Transport Urban Freight Transport � Conflicting interests � Conflicting interests Public authorities Private companies They want to reduce the They want to delivery and pick- transportation transportation impacts impacts in in up the goods at the lowest cost up the goods at the lowest cost order to have an attractive city but high-quality transport for inhabitants and visitors operation and short lead-time (mainly (mainly environmental environmental and and in order to satisfy at the best i d t ti f t th b t social sustainability such as possible way the users’ reduction of congestion, expectations (mainly economic pollutant, accidents, and so on) ll t t id t d ) sustainability). Dept. of Enterprise Engineering 14 “Tor Vergata” University of Rome
F. Russo and A. Comi, Urban freight transport measures: environmental evidences from the cities Urban Freight Transport Urban Freight Transport � T � Transportation impacts on sustainability t ti i t t i bilit Economic Economic Social Social Environmental Environmental Traffic congestion Mobility barriers Inequity of impacts Air pollution Crash damages Crash damages Mobility disadvantaged Mobility disadvantaged Climate change Climate change Transportation facility costs Human health impacts Habitat loss Consumer transportation Community cohesion Water pollution costs t C Community livability it li bilit H d Hydrologic impacts l i i t Depletion of non-renewable Aesthetics Noise pollution resources S Source: TDM Encyclopedia (2010) TDM E l di (2010) Dept. of Enterprise Engineering 15 “Tor Vergata” University of Rome
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