United States Carbon Sequestration Regional Partnerships ClimateChange Copenhagen ClimateChange, Copenhagen March 10 - 12, 2009 Bruce Lani, Sean Plasynski, and Scott Klara United States Department of Energy National Energy Technology United States Department of Energy, National Energy Technology Laboratory
Carbon Sequestration Program Goals • Deliver technologies & best practices that validate Carbon Capture and Safe Storage (CCSS): – 90% CO 2 capture – 99% storage permanence – < 10% increase in COE (pre-combustion capture) < 10% increase in COE (pre combustion capture) – < 35% increase in COE (post- and oxy-combustion)* – +/- 30% storage capacity *This is current estimate – system studies and analysis being conducted and refined to determine appropriate goals appropriate goals 2
Key Challenges to Carbon Capture and Storage • Regulatory Framework • Cost of CCS – Permitting – Treatment of CO 2 • Sufficient Storage Capacity g p y • Legal Framework • Permanence – Liability – Ownership • Best Practices • Best Practices • pore space • CO 2 • Infrastructure • Public Acceptance p • Human Capital Resources Program helping to address challenges – either specific project, participation in working groups, or through Regional Partnerships 3
Sequestration Program Statistics FY2009 Strong industry support 160 lion $) 140 ~ 39% cost share on projects 120 Budget (Mil 100 Federal Investment to Date 80 60 ~ $481 Million 40 20 20 DOE 0 2009 Budget Breakdown 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 q 9 9 9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 e 9 9 9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 R 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 9 CO 2 Use/Reuse 0 0 (incl FY08 non- 2 Simulation and CO 2 ) 2 ) Risk Risk Fiscal Year 3% Assessment 4% MVA 9% Diverse research Geologic Carbon Sequestration portfolio 4% Capture of CO 2 (Pre- ~ 80 Active R&D Projects Combustion) Regional 12% Partnerships 68% 68% 4
DOE’s Sequestration Program Structure Global Partnerships/ Core R&D Infrastructure I f t t Collaborations Monitoring Pre- Verification Regional Carbon Sequestration combustion and Capture Partnerships & Other Large Accounting Projects Geologic CO 2 Carbon Use/Reuse Storage Simulation and Risk Demonstration Assessment Commercial Scale Projects Existing Plants Post- and Oxy- Combustion Capture 5
Regional Carbon Sequestration Partnerships 6
Regional Partnerships Program Phases FISCAL YEAR FISCAL YEAR 2003 2003 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 CHARACTERIZATION CHARACTERIZATION PHASE PHASE Characterize all RCSP Characterize all RCSP regions for carbon capture regions for carbon capture g g p p and storage opportunities and storage opportunities Scale of 100 to VALIDATION PHASE VALIDATION PHASE 10,000 Tons CO 2 Validate technologies through Validate technologies through Validate technologies through Validate technologies through field testing at selected geologic and field testing at selected geologic and terrestrial site locations terrestrial site locations Scale of 1,000,000 Tons CO 2 DEPLOYMENT PHASE DEVELOPMENT PHASE Complete large-volume development tests of sequestration technologies Complete large -volume deployment tests of sequestration technologies that will help enable future commercial scale applications that will help enable future commercial -scale applications - 7
Regional Partnerships Participation 160 organization in Phase I 350+ organizations in Phases II and III Organizations Number Organizations Number Chemical Companies 5 Land Management/Development Company 2 CO 2 Trading Organizations 3 Law Firm 2 Coal Companies 8 Local Agencies 4 Electric Utilities 53 Media/Outreach 6 Engineering and Research Firms 44 National Laboratories 10 Environmental NGOs 11 Oil & Gas Companies 37 Foreign Government Agencies 10 Other State Agencies 51 Forest Products Companies 4 Pipeline Company 2 Governmental Advisory Groups Governmental Advisory Groups 2 2 State Geologic Surveys State Geologic Surveys 18 18 Native American Organizations 4 U.S. Federal Agencies 6 Industry Trade Groups 22 University and Academic Institutions 47 Total 351 8
Validation Phase (II) Field Tests Geologic Field Test Sites 9
Development Phase (III) Goals • Assess – Injectivity and Capacity j y y – Storage Permanence – Areal Extent of Plume and Leakage Pathways y • Develop – Risk Assessment Strategies – Best Practices for Industry • Engage in Public Outreach and Education • Support Regulatory Development 10
Development Phase (III) Timeline FISCAL YEAR FISCAL YEAR 2008 2008 2008 2010 2010 2010 2012 2012 2012 2014 2014 2014 2016 2016 2016 2018 2018 2018 Scale up is required to provide insight into several operational and technical Stage 1. Stage 1. issues that differ from formation to Site selection and characterization; Permitting Site selection and characterization; Permitting and NEPA compliance; Well completion and and NEPA compliance; Well completion and p p ; ; p p formation formation testing; Infrastructure development testing; Infrastructure development Stage 2. Stage 2. CO 2 procurement and transportation; CO 2 procurement and transportation; CO 2 procurement and transportation; CO 2 procurement and transportation; Injection operations; Monitoring activities Injection operations; Monitoring activities Stage 3. Stage 3. g g Site closure; Post-injection monitoring, Site closure; Post-injection monitoring, Project assessment Project assessment RCSP Deployment Phase RCSP Development Phase 10 years (FY2008 2018) RCSP Deployment Phase – 10 years (FY2008-2017) RCSP Development Phase– 10 years (FY2008-2018) 10 years (FY2008 2017) ~$500 million DOE - over $200 million cost share 11
Development Phase (III) Injection Schedule Partnership Formation 5 Type Saline 1 1 4 Saline 2 Big Sky Big Sky PCOR PCOR 1 MRCSP MRCSP Saline 2 3 3 WESTCARB WESTCARB MGSC MGSC 8 SWP SWP Saline/Oil 9 4 SECARB SECARB Bearing Oil Bearing 6 7 5 6 Saline 7 Saline Injection Schedule 8 2009 Injection Scheduled Saline Saline 2010 Injection Scheduled 9 2011 Injection Scheduled 12
Regional Geologic Assessment Atlas-2 • New data on storage formations – Offshore capacity, gulf and east Methodology for Capacity and CO 2 • Emissions Estimates and Capacity USGS Collaboration • • Federal Lands CO 2 Geologic Storage 2 Potential • CO 2 Pipeline Infrastructure State CO 2 Geologic Storage Potential • • Data now on 10km X 10km grid Data now on 10km X 10km grid 13
CCS Best Practice Manuals • Phase II (2008-2009) – Monitoring Verification and Accounting (Dec 2008) – Site characterization (2009) – Simulation and Risk Assessment (2009) – Well construction and closure (2009) – Regulatory Compliance – Public Education • Phase III Updates p 14
CO 2 Injection Regulatory Guidelines • EPA taking a lead role – Guidance released Mar 2007 – Draft rule summer 2008 • EPA & DOE Working Group • IOGCC Framework Released IOGCC F k R l d May 2005 • IOGCC Legal & Regulatory g g y Framework Released in Carbon Capture and Storage CO 2 Storage: A Legal and A Regulatory Framework for Regulatory Guide for States September 2007 States 15
Global Partnerships Selected DOE Participation in International CO 2 Storage Projects Location Period (U.S.) Operations Reservoir Operator /Lead Org. Int’l Recognition N North America, Canada th A i C d 2000 2009 2000-2009 1 8 1.8 mT CO2/yr T CO2/ oilfield carbonate ilfi ld b t E Encana, Apache A h IEA GHG R&D IEA GHG R&D EOR Programme, CSLF Saskatchewan Weyburn-Midale commercial 2000 North America, Canada, 2005-2009 230,000 tons CO2, 80,000 tons oilfield Apache CSLF H2S Alberta EOR (Reg. Part.) demo Zama oilfield Zama oilfield North America, Canada, BC Fort 2009-2015 1.8 mT acid gas/yr Saline Spectra Energy Nelson (> 1mT CO2/yr) Europe, North Sea 2002-2006 1 mT CO2/yr marine Statoil IEA GHG Prog, sandstone Sleipner 2008-2011 commercial 1996 EC Europe, Germany 2007-2010 60,000-90,000 tonnes CO2 gas field GeoForsch- CSLF, European sandstone ungsZentrum, Commission CO2SINK, Ketzin demo 2008 Potsdam Australia, Victoria 2005-2010 100,000 tonnes CO2 gas field CO2CRC CSLF sandstone d Otway Basin demo 2008 Africa, Algeria 2005-2010 1 mT CO2/yr gas field BP, Sonatrach, Statoil CSLF, European sandstone Commission In Salah gas commercial 2004 Asia, China, 2008-TBD assessment phase CCS Ordos Basin Shenhua Coal Ordos Basin 16
Summary • CCS has the potential to offset hundreds of years of CO2 emissions in the United States • Regional Carbon Sequestration Partnerships are proving CCS throughout most of North America CCS throughout most of North America • Lessons learned from small and large scale field projects will help commercial deployment of CCS technologies ill h l i l d l t f CCS t h l i • For the status and results of this program visit: For the status and results of this program, visit: – http://www.fossil.energy.gov – http://www.netl.doe.gov 17
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