Understanding and Embracing the Challenge of System Change David Renz, Ph.D. Midwest Center for Nonprofit Leadership Henry W. Bloch School of Management University of Missouri – Kansas City (c) 2018 David Renz (Midwest Center for Nonprofit Leadership at UMKC)
Employ the Aikido Perspective: Leveraging Forces • Understand the Nature and Flow of the Force • Embrace the Force • Be Flexible (c) 2018 David Renz (Midwest Center for Nonprofit Leadership at UMKC)
A Quick Refresher: The Nature of Systems ( even those not intentionally designed ) A System: “A collection of parts that interact with each other to function as a whole” • Maintain Stability and Balance • Interconnected • Feedback Loops • Entropy Happens (c) 2018 David Renz (Midwest Center for Nonprofit Leadership at UMKC)
We Live in a Multi-Organizational Shared-Power World Source: Barbara Crosby and John Bryson, Leadership for the Common Good (San Francisco: Jossey-Bass, 2005), p. 8. (c) 2018 David Renz (Midwest Center for Nonprofit Leadership at UMKC)
The Reality… You’ve heard “It takes a village”? For system change initiatives, it takes a network! (c) 2018 David Renz (Midwest Center for Nonprofit Leadership at UMKC)
Leading & Facilitating System Change It’s a Journey … • It Starts with Seeing the System – Mapping to Understand the System (c) 2018 David Renz (Midwest Center for Nonprofit Leadership at UMKC)
The UK Obesity System Map (Foresight Study, Butland et al. 2007) (c) 2018 David Renz (Midwest Center for Nonprofit Leadership at UMKC)
Leading & Facilitating System Change It’s a Journey … • It Starts with Seeing the System – Mapping to Understand the System • Mind-Shift: From Reacting to Co-Creating • Bridge: Engage Across Boundaries • Learn: Balance Advocacy and Inquiry • Shared Leadership is Pivotal (c) 2018 David Renz (Midwest Center for Nonprofit Leadership at UMKC)
The Five Conditions of Collective Impact (FSG) Common Agenda All participants share a vision for change that includes a common understanding of the problem and a joint approach to solving the problem through agreed-upon actions. Shared Measurement All participating organizations agree on the ways success will be measured and reported, with a short list of common indicators identified and used for learning and improvement. Mutually Reinforcing A diverse set of stakeholders, typically across sectors, coordinate a Activities set of differentiated activities through a mutually reinforcing plan of action. Continuous All players engage in frequent and structured open communication to Communication build trust, assure mutual objectives, and create common motivation. Backbone Support An independent, funded staff dedicated to the initiative provides ongoing support by guiding the initiative’s vision and strategy, supporting aligned activities, establishing shared measurement practices, building public will, advancing policy, and mobilizing resources. (c) 2018 David Renz (Midwest Center for Nonprofit Leadership at UMKC)
Four Dimensions Affecting Effectiveness (Bryson et al. 2015) • Conditions that exist at the founding of the collaboration/network • The formal and informal processes by which the collaboration develops and operates • The contingencies and constraints that exist (including competing & colliding logics) • The formal and informal structure and leadership (governance) of the collaboration (c) 2018 David Renz (Midwest Center for Nonprofit Leadership at UMKC)
Leadership is Critical in a System Change Initiative Governance: the system & process that provides strategic leadership to the network. It includes the functions of setting direction, policy and strategy, allocating or assigning resources, and overseeing performance and ensuring accountability. Sovereignty and control are diffused and distributed ; no one actor is “calling the shots” (even those who think they get to -- e.g., government agencies) (c) 2018 David Renz (Midwest Center for Nonprofit Leadership at UMKC)
A Fundamental Leadership Issue The challenge of competing logics poses a fundamental leadership challenge in achieving system change since “actions, processes, norms and structures that are seen as legitimate from the vantage point of one institutional logic may be seen as less legitimate or even illegitimate from the perspective of another logic” (Bryson et al., 2006:50) (c) 2018 David Renz (Midwest Center for Nonprofit Leadership at UMKC)
These are Diffuse and Diverse Multi-Layered Systems System Coordination, Research, & Monitoring Advocacy, Law & Policy Physical Infrastructure Consumer Information, Education, Communicate Direct Service to Individuals (c) 2018 David Renz (Midwest Center for Nonprofit Leadership at UMKC)
The Typical System Includes • Programs that provide Formal Systems & formal structure in the system, including Structures enforcing law & policy • Programs that address system ecology & shape Social and Physical the social and physical Environment environment & infrastructure • Programs that play a role in disseminating or Transmission of encouraging (or discouraging) behaviors & Behaviors & Practices practices that affect behaviors (c) 2018 David Renz (Midwest Center for Nonprofit Leadership at UMKC)
The “System” Affecting Childhood Obesity •Federal & State Formal Systems & •Metro Regional and Multi-County Structures •Schools •Professional Education [42%] •Coalitions & Collaboratives •Physical Environment Social and Physical •Physical Infrastructure Environment •Social & Peer Networks •Institutional Cultures [75%] •Professional Culture Transmission of •Trends and Norms •Consumer Education Behaviors & Practices •Family Behaviors & Practices •Individual Behaviors & Practices [63%] (c) 2018 David Renz (Midwest Center for Nonprofit Leadership at UMKC)
Five Levels of Program Intervention Societal & Macro- Institutional Level Metropolitan Regional System Level Neighborhood & Community Level Family & Friends Level Individual Level (c) 2018 David Renz (Midwest Center for Nonprofit Leadership at UMKC)
Socioecological system (c) 2018 David Renz (Midwest Center for Nonprofit Leadership at UMKC)
KANSAS CITY METROPOLITAN REGION CHILDHOOD OBESITY INTERVENTION SYSTEM Social/Physical Transmission of Formal Systems & Structures Levels of Intervention Infrastructure and Behaviors and Environment Practices National Health Societal and Macro- National Trends Authorities and Policies Institutional Food Industry Policies and Practices Metropolitan Regional Systems Neighborhood and Community Family and Friends Individual (c) 2018 David Renz (Midwest Center for Nonprofit Leadership at UMKC)
KANSAS CITY METROPOLITAN REGION CHILDHOOD OBESITY INTERVENTION SYSTEM Social/Physical Transmission of Formal Systems & Structures Levels of Intervention Infrastructure and Behaviors and Environment Practices National Health Societal and Macro- National Trends Authorities and Policies Institutional Food Industry Policies and Practices State Health and Zoning Authorities and Policies Metropolitan Institutional Norms and Regional Systems Practices Regional Coordination Programs Professional Norms and Health Systems Policies and Practices Practices Professional Networks Neighborhood and Community Family and Friends Individual (c) 2018 David Renz (Midwest Center for Nonprofit Leadership at UMKC)
KANSAS CITY METROPOLITAN REGION CHILDHOOD OBESITY INTERVENTION SYSTEM Social/Physical Transmission of Formal Systems & Structures Levels of Intervention Infrastructure and Behaviors and Environment Practices National Health Societal and Macro- National Trends Authorities and Policies Institutional Food Industry Policies and Practices State Health and Zoning Authorities and Policies Metropolitan Institutional Norms and Regional Systems Practices Regional Coordination Programs Professional Norms and Health Systems Policies and Practices Practices Professional Networks County Health and Zoning/Planning Authorities and Policies Neighborhood and Local Trends Community Municipal Health and Community Built and Zoning /Planning Physical Environments Authorities and Policies Local Schools Family and Friends Individual
KANSAS CITY METROPOLITAN REGION CHILDHOOD OBESITY INTERVENTION SYSTEM Social/Physical Transmission of Formal Systems & Structures Levels of Intervention Infrastructure and Behaviors and Environment Practices National Health Societal and Macro- National Trends Authorities and Policies Institutional Food Industry Policies and Practices State Health and Zoning Authorities and Policies Metropolitan Institutional Norms and Regional Systems Practices Regional Coordination Programs Professional Norms and Health Systems Policies and Practices Practices Professional Networks County Health and Zoning/Planning Authorities and Policies Neighborhood and Local Trends Community Municipal Health and Community Built and Zoning /Planning Physical Environments Authorities and Policies Food Access Peer Networks Providers Local Schools Family and Friends Family Behaviors and Early Childhood Programs and Practices Centers Individual Behaviors Health Care Providers Individual and Practices
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