Tracing the extension of newly discovered paleo-channel near - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Tracing the extension of newly discovered paleo-channel near Prayagraj and 3D mapping of aquifer system in the middle Ganga plain in collaboration with CGWB and NGRI

Ground and surface water linkages • Surface water and ground water are linked as component in hydrological-ecological system • Abstraction Surface Ground from and contamination of either one will flow water affect each other. • During lean season flow in streams is augmented by Ground water.

River Ganga (Rejuvenation, Protection, Management) Authorities Order, 2016 Principles to be followed specifies: • The integral relationship between the surface flow and sub-surface water (ground water) shall be restored and maintained. • The bank of River Ganga and its flood plain shall be construction free Zone to reduce pollution sources, pressures and to maintain its natural ground water recharge functions

BACKGROUND Recently (December, 2018), the CSIR-NGRI, under the aegis of MoWR-RD-GR, conducted helicopter borne geophysical survey covering Prayagraj and Kaushambi region led significant findings as: Kaushambi ❑ 3D structural settings of aquifer system Prayagraj ❑ Discovery of a buried paleo channel (ancient river, now underground) that joins Block-A + Block-A : CGWB approved N NGRI acquired area Yamuna river at Durgapur village, roughly additional Tie Line data using 26 km south of the current Ganga-Yamuna Flight Line own funding Sangam at Prayagraj. ❑ Aquifer merging at places due to tectonic ALLHABAD Sangam activities. ❑ River Ganga has good hydrogeological Distance scale (m) Elevation (amsl m) 0 10 20 connectivity with surrounding aquifers

Confirmed by Discovered ancient buried river drilling Dimension: ❑ Around 4 km wide, ❑ 45 km long and ❑ ~15 m thick layer ? ❑ buried under 10- 15 m thick soil Volume of Paleochannel 2.7 *10 9 m 3 40-50% can be used for GWR storage through managed aquifer recharge

In any case this mega feature of buried paleo channel can be converted as groundwater reserves by diverting surface run off of the rainfall through managed aquifer recharge structure.

Proposed to extend the survey NEW PROPOSED PROGRAM further west ward from Kaushambi to Kanpur (Bock B) to conclude the finding of paleo Proposed area of extension for paleo channel Mapping channel which will work as potential feature for managed A: CGWB approved block aquifer recharge . A + : CSIR-NGRI extended block of A B: proposed area of Extension B Knowledge on subsurface connectivity between Ganga and Yamuna rivers will play very A + crucial role in planning of Ganga A cleaning as well as protecting the safe groundwater resources . Area: ~ 8500 sq.km Location: Ganga-Yamuna doab between Kaushambi and Kanpur, U.P.

Methodology/approach Objectives • Integrated HydroGeophysical investigations including • Tracking the inferred paleo heliborne, ground and borhole geophysics. channel further northwestward • 3D Geophysical model of hydrogeological settings • Validation and correlation through drilling and logging • 3D Mapping of Principal Aquifers • Translating geophysical model into hydrogeological system settings • 4-6 recoverable bore log to get sediment samples • Establishing linkages between from the region along and adjacent to the paleo aquifer system including paleo channel for reconstruction. channel with river system Deliverables • 3D resistivity map with geometrical settings of principal aquifers • Paleo channel map and its 3D catchment of sediments • Linkages between aquifer system including paleo channel and river system

NGRI (2009) How this is useful? Groundwater over-exploitation declining of water level Reduction of Baseflow Reduction in river water flow RIVER DISCHARGE CONTRIBUTION FOR HIMALAYAN RIVERS 1) Strong need of Managed aquifer Monsoon Dry Season Season recharge (MAR) where? Glacier 5% 60% Precipitation 90% 5% 2) Subsurface linkages for groundwater Groundwater 5% 35% contaminant migration ? (baseflow)

How this is useful? B ? SUBSURFACE INTER-LINKAGES The river Ganga, Yamuna and discovered ancient A river are connected at places through first principal aquifer A B 130 120 Buried paleo R. Yamuna R. 110 Ganga R. 100 90 80 70 Vindhyan 60 Hard rock. 50 Principal aquifer-I 40 30 20 0 2000 4000 6000 8000 10000 12000 14000 16000 18000 20000 22000 24000 26000 28000 30000 32000 34000 36000 38000 40000 42000 44000 46000 48000 50000 52000 Distance [m]

Cleaning contamination & Ganga groundwater recharge and -Crucial for aquifer LINKAGES SUBSURFACE INTER- ? How this is useful? E C D F -200 -100 -300 100 -350 -300 -250 -200 -150 -100 100 150 -50 50 0 0 100 E 50 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 1 5 1 0 1 0 0 0 5 0 0 0 C 0 1000 500 2000 1000 3000 1500 EW 6 10 2000 4000 Vindhyan 2500 formation 5000 3000 6000 3500 7000 100 4000 8000 4500 5 Paleo River 5000 9000 5500 10000 6000 11000 6500 12000 7000 13000 7500 8000 14000 8500 15000 9000 16000 9500 10 17000 10000 18000 10500 11000 19000 11500 20000 12000 21000 Merging of Aquifer-I & II 12500 22000 13000 23000 13500 24000 14000 14500 25000 15 15000 26000 15500 27000 16000 28000 16500 Aquifer-I Distance (km) 29000 17000 17500 30000 Aquifer-I Distance [m] 18000 31000 18500 32000 Aquifer-II 19000 2 5 2 0 1 5 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 5 0 0 33000 19500 20 34000 20000 20500 35000 EW 4 10 21000 36000 21500 37000 Connectivity of Ganga R with Aquifer-I 22000 38000 22500 100 39000 23000 40000 23500 24000 41000 24500 42000 25 with Aquifer-I Ganga R sediment Connectivity of 25000 43000 25500 Ganga R. 44000 26000 45000 26500 27000 46000 Ganga R. Aquifer-II 27500 47000 2 5 2 0 1 5 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 5 0 0 28000 48000 28500 Thank you 49000 Aquifer-I 29000 50000 29500 EW 2 10 30 51000 30000 30500 52000 31000 53000 31500 100 54000 32000 55000 32500 56000 33000 33500 57000 34000 58000 34500 35 59000 35000 60000 35500 61000 36000 36500 62000 37000 63000 37500 D 64000 F

A ddres s ing the urban drivers o f river health in the G anga R iver B as in 27 Sep 2019

Project Concept

Project Concept Cleanliness Drives Sewer Networks Treatment Plants Ghat development Water body conservation Research and Innovations

Project Concept Need to integrate river health management into the long-term planning for a city

Project Objectives OBJECTIVE 1: Develop Strategic Guidelines to mainstream urban river �a�age�e�t i�to a city’s Master Pla� Vancouver’s River Dist., Canada Busan River City, South Korea River City, Gothenburg, Sweden, Europe Södertälje, Sweden, Europe Qinhuangdao, China

Project Objectives OBJECTIVE 2: Supporting the city of Kanpur in the development of an Urban River Management Plan

National Mission for Clean Ganga Department of Water Resources, River Development and Ganga Rejuvenation Ministry of Jal Shakti Government of India 27 th September, 2019

Ganga River Basin – Fact Sheet Total length of river is 2525 km with longest stretch of 1000 km in Uttar GANGOTRI Pradesh Catchment area of the basin is JOSHIMATH 8,61,404 km 2 . HARIDWAR 11 states in the Ganga Basin with 5 on Ganga main stem NARORA KANNAUJ KANPUR ALLAHABAD PATNA VARANASI HOOGHLY KOLKATA 2

Ganga Basin covers 26 % of India’s total landmass India’s 43% population resides in Ganga Basin Contributes 28% of India's water resources Habitat for rich Biodiversity 3 Information Source: National Mission for Clean Ganga; Ganga River Basin Management Plan; Agropedia (IIT Kanpur)

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Pollution in River Ganga Central Pollution Control Board Standard for Bathing (Class ‘B’) Dissolved Oxygen (DO) >= 5mg/l, Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) <= 3mg/l Issues related to Faecal Coliform Faecal Coliform <= 500mpn/ 100ml Critically Polluted Stretch in terms of B.O.D and Faecal Coliform Issues related to Faecal Coliform 5

Major Polluters Municipal Industrial Solid Non Point Waste Pollution Waste sources Water 6

Efforts Towards Ganga Conservation A Shift Towards Basin Based Approach NRCP GAP I GAP II NGRBA • Launched in • Launched in • Extended from - Separate Namami Gange 1995 1985 GAP I in 1993 Authority for • Launched in • 41 major Rivers • Focus on Main • Merged with Ganga in 2009 2015 of the country stem of River NRCP in 1996 - Chaired by • Integrated • 8 Ganga basin Ganga • Included – Prime Minister conservation • 25 Towns rivers viz Ganga, Yamuna, of India mission Yamuna, Gomti, Covered Gomti, - NMCG • Damodar • 260 schemes Damodar & Basin approach implementing Mahananda, Mahananda • All tributaries body at center Betwa, included and SPMGs at Mandakini, states Ramganga • GAP :Ganga Action Plan • NRCP :National River Conservation Plan • NGRBA :National Ganga River Basin Authority • NMCG :National Mission for Clean Ganga • 7 SPMGs: State Program Management Groups