TOTAL CAPABILITIES IN THE PIPELINE INDUSTRY UTILITY TECHNOLOGIES - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

TOTAL CAPABILITIES IN THE PIPELINE INDUSTRY UTILITY TECHNOLOGIES INTERNATIONAL CORPORATION Cincinnati Columbus West Jefferson

PLASTIC PIPE DESIGN AND LIMITATIONS Plastic Pipe Design 2 OGA Engineering Seminar 12-3-12

DESIGN FORMULA PD = 2 x S x (DF) where PD = Design Pressure, psig SDR - 1 S = Long-Term Hydrostatic Strength, psi SDR = Standard Dimension Ratio = Pipe OD / WT DF = Design Factor = 0.32 for gas Plastic pipe in distribution systems or Class 3 or 4 locations is limited to 100 psig or less by 49 CFR 192.123 except- PE2406 or PE3408 Produced after 7/14/04: PD <= 125 psig if D <= 12" Plastic Pipe Design 3 OGA Engineering Seminar 12-3-12

DIMENSIONS OF PLASTIC PIPE AND TUBING*** NOM. DIA. OD SDR = 13.5 SDR = 11.5 SDR = 11 SDR = 10 SDR = 9.33 (IN) (IN) WT (IN) ID (IN) WT (IN) ID (IN) WT (IN) ID (IN) WT (IN) ID (IN) WT (IN) ID (IN) PIPE 1/2 0.840 0.062 (#) 0.716 0.073 0.694 0.076 0.687 0.084 0.672 0.090 0.660 " 3/4 1.050 0.090 (#) 0.870 0.091 0.867 0.095 0.859 0.105 0.840 0.113 0.825 " 1 1.315 0.097 1.120 0.114 1.086 0.120 1.076 0.132 1.052 0.141 1.033 " 1-1/4 1.660 0.123 1.414 0.144 1.371 0.151 1.358 0.166 1.328 0.178 1.304 " 1-1/2 1.900 0.141 1.619 0.165 1.570 0.173 1.555 0.190 1.520 0.204 1.493 " 2 2.375 0.176 2.023 0.207 1.962 0.216 1.943 0.238 1.900 0.255 1.866 " 3 3.500 0.259 2.981 0.304 2.891 0.318 2.864 0.350 2.800 0.375 2.750 " 4 4.500 0.333 3.833 0.391 3.717 0.409 3.682 0.450 3.600 0.482 3.535 " 6 6.625 0.491 5.644 0.576 5.473 0.602 5.420 0.663 5.300 0.710 5.205 " 8 8.625 0.639 7.347 0.750 7.125 0.784 7.057 0.863 6.900 0.924 6.776 " 10 10.750 0.796 9.157 0.935 8.880 0.977 8.795 1.075 8.600 1.152 8.446 " 12 12.750 0.944 10.861 1.109 10.533 1.159 10.432 1.275 10.200 1.367 10.017 TUBING 1/2 0.625 0.062 (#) 0.500 0.067 0.491 " 1 1.125 0.090 (#) 0.945 0.098 0.929 0.102 0.920 0.113 0.900 0.121 0.884 (#) Minimum required by 49 CFR 192.321 for uncased pipe, not a function of SDR. Plastic Pipe Design 4 OGA Engineering Seminar 12-3-12

SAMPLE CALCULATION MDPE PIPE PE 2406: S=1250 psi PD = 2 x S x (DF) D = 4" SDR - 1 SDR = 13.5 = 2 x 1250 x 0.32 DF=0.32 (gas) 13.5 - 1 = 64.0 psig Plastic Pipe Design 5 OGA Engineering Seminar 12-3-12

SAMPLE CALCULATION HDPE PIPE PE 3408: S=1600 psi PD = 2 x S x (DF) D = 4" SDR - 1 SDR = 13.5 = 2 x 1600 x 0.32 DF=0.32 (gas) 13.5 - 1 = 81.9 psig Plastic Pipe Design 6 OGA Engineering Seminar 12-3-12

GAS PRESSURE RATING AT 73F PE2406 MD Pipe (73 F) PE3408 HD Pipe (73 F) P D P D (after 7/04, (after 7/04, S SDR P D D<=12) S SDR P D D<=12) 1250 32.5 25.4 25.4 1600 32.5 32.5 32.5 1250 26 32.0 32.0 1600 26 41.0 41.0 1250 21 40.0 40.0 1600 21 51.2 51.2 1250 17 50.0 50.0 1600 17 64.0 64.0 1250 13.5 64.0 64.0 1600 13.5 81.9 81.9 1250 11.5 76.2 76.2 1600 11.5 97.5 97.5 1250 11 80.0 80.0 1600 11 100.0 102.4 1250 10 88.9 88.9 1600 10 100.0 113.8 1250 9.33 96.0 96.0 1600 9.33 100.0 122.9 1250 9 100.0 100.0 1600 9 100.0 125.0 1250 8 100.0 114.3 1600 8 100.0 125.0 1250 7 100.0 125.0 1600 7 100.0 125.0 Plastic pipe in distribution systems or Class 3 or 4 locations is limited to 100 psig or less by 49 CFR 192.123 except: - PE2406/3408 Produced after 7/14/04: P D <=125 psig if D<=12" Plastic Pipe Design 7 OGA Engineering Seminar 12-3-12

REDUCED GAS PRESSURE RATING AT 140F PE2406 MD Pipe (140 F) PE3408 HD Pipe (140 F) P D P D (after 7/04, (after 7/04, S SDR P D D<=12) S SDR P D D<=12) 1000 32.5 20.3 20.3 1000 32.5 20.3 20.3 1000 26 25.6 25.6 1000 26 25.6 25.6 1000 21 32.0 32.0 1000 21 32.0 32.0 1000 17 40.0 40.0 1000 17 40.0 40.0 1000 13.5 51.2 51.2 1000 13.5 51.2 51.2 1000 11.5 61.0 61.0 1000 11.5 61.0 61.0 1000 11 64.0 64.0 1000 11 64.0 64.0 1000 10 71.1 71.1 1000 10 71.1 71.1 1000 9.33 76.8 76.8 1000 9.33 76.8 76.8 1000 9 80.0 80.0 1000 9 80.0 80.0 1000 8 91.4 91.4 1000 8 91.4 91.4 1000 7 100.0 106.7 1000 7 100.0 106.7 Plastic pipe in distribution systems or Class 3 or 4 locations is limited to 100 psig or less by 49 CFR 192.123 except: - PE2406/3408 Produced after 7/14/04: P D <=125 psig if D<=12" Plastic Pipe Design 8 OGA Engineering Seminar 12-3-12

PE PROPERTIES • Density • Molecular Weight • Molecular Weight Distribution Plastic Pipe Design 9 OGA Engineering Seminar 12-3-12

Plastic Pipe Design 10 OGA Engineering Seminar 12-3-12

Plastic Pipe Design 11 OGA Engineering Seminar 12-3-12

Slow Crack Growth Stress Rupture Regions Plastic Pipe Design 12 OGA Engineering Seminar 12-3-12

Slow Crack Growth Stress Rupture Curves Plastic Pipe Design 13 OGA Engineering Seminar 12-3-12

New PE Materials Current PE 2406 (New 2606, 2708) Current PE 3408 (New 3608, 3708, 3710) (New 4608, 4708, 4710) Plastic Pipe Design 14 OGA Engineering Seminar 12-3-12

PE “Code” Example: PE 2406, PE3408, PE4710 PE 2 4 06 PE 3 6 08 PE 4 7 10 Polyethylene Density Slow Crack Growth Resistance Design Stress (DFw x S / 100) PE 2 = >.925 to .940 g/cm 3 4 = PENT Test > 10 hours 06 = 625 psi PE 3 = >.940 to .947 g/cm 3 6 = PENT Test > 100 hours 08 = 800 psi PE 4 = >.947 to .955 g/cm 3 7 = PENT Test > 500 hours 10 = 1000 psi Plastic Pipe Design 15 OGA Engineering Seminar 12-3-12

Plastic Pipe Design 16 OGA Engineering Seminar 12-3-12

New Pipe Marking Plastic Pipe Design 17 OGA Engineering Seminar 12-3-12

The photograph below is a typical butt fusion bead appearance between 2 inch PE3408(PE80) and PE4710 (PE100) pipes. The PE4710 bead on the right is rougher than the PE3408, however this is a surface appearance only and does not affect joint strength. Plastic Pipe Design 18 OGA Engineering Seminar 12-3-12

PA11 Pipe • Polyamide material • Higher strength than HDPE (S=2500 @73F) • Higher strength at higher temperatures than HDPE (up to 180F) • 192.121: For Pipe produced after 1/23/09 - DF=0.40 (vs. 0.32 for PE pipe) - Design pressure can exceed 100 psi if Calculated P D <= 200 psi; and D<=4”; and SDR<=11. Plastic Pipe Design 19 OGA Engineering Seminar 12-3-12

Fittings • Design to highest pipe design pressure (e.g. joining MDPE to HDPE pipe) • Design for pullout/thrust forces • Follow manufacturer’s recommendations • 192.191 Conform to ASTM D2513-99 Plastic Pipe Design 20 OGA Engineering Seminar 12-3-12

Valves • Design to highest pipe design pressure • Follow manufacturer’s recommendations • 192.193 Protect against shear/torque (valve box) Plastic Pipe Design 21 OGA Engineering Seminar 12-3-12

Plastic Pipe Limitations • 49 CFR Part 192 requirements • Other limitations/concerns Plastic Pipe Design 22 OGA Engineering Seminar 12-3-12

192.281 Plastic Pipe • Butt fusion-join by device that holds pipe square, compresses ends together, holds alignment • Socket fusion-join by device that heats uniformly and simultaneously to same temperature • Electrofusion-join using equipment and techniques of manufacturer • No torch or open flame • Mechanical joints – Gasket material compatible with pipe – Rigid stiffener with compression fittings Plastic Pipe Design 23 OGA Engineering Seminar 12-3-12

192.283 Qualifying Joining Procedures • Heat fusion and electrofusion joining-qualify by defined tests • Mechanical joining-qualify by defined tests • Make copies of procedures available to persons making and inspecting joints Plastic Pipe Design 24 OGA Engineering Seminar 12-3-12

192.285 Qualifying Persons to Make Joints • Require training and experience • Make specimen joints that pass visual and destructive tests • Annual requalification • Operator to establish method to ensure qualification of personnel Plastic Pipe Design 25 OGA Engineering Seminar 12-3-12

192.287 Inspection of Joints • Inspectors to be qualified by training or experience in evaluating joint acceptability Plastic Pipe Design 26 OGA Engineering Seminar 12-3-12

192.321 Installation of Plastic Pipe • Install below ground (except cased on bridge) • Minimize shear and tensile stresses • Maximum 2 year storage above ground • Coiled Pipe – Straighten/reround for joining – Restrain ends for safety Plastic Pipe Design 27 OGA Engineering Seminar 12-3-12

192.513 Test Requirements for Plastic Pipe • Test must discover potentially hazardous leaks • Test at 150% MAOP or 50 psig, whichever is greater • Maximum test pressure less than 3 x PD Plastic Pipe Design 28 OGA Engineering Seminar 12-3-12

Other Limitations/Concerns • Static electricity – Wet/ground pipe • Squeeze-off – One time at a location – Slow squeeze/release • Cold bending – Minimum radius (manufacturer) Plastic Pipe Design 29 OGA Engineering Seminar 12-3-12