Titel der Prsentation Treatment of residuals from coffee production - PDF document

Titel der Präsentation Treatment of residuals from coffee production in Costa Rica Naxos 13 June 2018 Gerold Hafner Treatment of residuals from coffee production in Costa Rica Organic Waste- and Resources Management in the context of NAMA Café de Costa Rica Universität Stuttgart 21.06.2018 1

Titel der Präsentation Content Introduction & background Research project Methodology Preliminary results Recommendations Summary Gerold Hafner Naxos/ 13 June 2018 3 Introduction 4 Universität Stuttgart 21.06.2018 2

Titel der Präsentation Background • Costa Rica carbon neutral by 2021 • Nationally Appropriate Mitigation Actions (NAMAs): NAMA Café de Costa Rica • Coffee production is an integral part of the nation’s history and identity. • Important economic sector of Costa Rica Gerold Hafner Naxos/ 13 June 2018 5 objectives in the coffee sector • Coffee production causes currently emissions of ca. 1.02 kg of CO2e / kg of green coffee (Ruiz, 2017). • Treatment of residuals from coffee production • Diagnosis of the current status quo • Potential for optimization • Technical implementation • Alternative variants for treatment + valorization Gerold Hafner Naxos/ 13 June 2018 6 Universität Stuttgart 21.06.2018 3

Titel der Präsentation research project Management of Coffee Residuals for Reducing Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Anaerobic Degradation (NSP Low Carbon Coffee Costa Rica) 7 NAMA de Cafe de Costa Rica objectives of the study • Develop and apply a methodology to measure the impact of the application of an aerobic treatment technology for coffee residuals • Potential to reduce greenhouse gases and other harmful impacts on the environment • Compare to the treatment previously applied Gerold Hafner Naxos/ 13 June 2018 8 Universität Stuttgart 21.06.2018 4

Titel der Präsentation NAMA de Cafe de Costa Rica Costa Rica Gerold Hafner Naxos/ 13 June 2018 9 NAMA de Cafe de Costa Rica Coffee Area Gerold Hafner Naxos/ 13 June 2018 10 Universität Stuttgart 21.06.2018 5

Titel der Präsentation NAMA de Cafe de Costa Rica partners Cooperatives: • CoopeTarrazu R.L., San Marcos, Tarrazú • Coopeantes R.L. (The Diamond), Athens, Alajuela • Coopevictoria R.L., Greece, Alajuela • CoopeAgri R.L., Pérez Zeledón Gerold Hafner Naxos/ 13 June 2018 11 NAMA de Cafe de Costa Rica partners Farms: • Lake View, San Marcos, Tarrazú • Santa Anita, Naranjo, Alujuela • Las Marias, Naranjo, Alajuela Gerold Hafner Naxos/ 13 June 2018 12 Universität Stuttgart 21.06.2018 6

Titel der Präsentation Methodology Methodical approach • On-site inspection • Diagnosis of handling + composting of organic residues • Possiblities for technical optimization of composting process • Measurements + analysis of compost • Determination of boundary conditions • Identification of possible co-substrates • Alternative valorization Gerold Hafner Naxos/ 13 June 2018 14 Universität Stuttgart 21.06.2018 7

Titel der Präsentation Handling of organic residues delivery Gerold Hafner Naxos/ 13 June 2018 15 Handling of organic residues coffee fruits Gerold Hafner Naxos/ 13 June 2018 16 Universität Stuttgart 21.06.2018 8

Titel der Präsentation Handling of organic residues peeling process Gerold Hafner Naxos/ 13 June 2018 17 Handling of organic residues interim storage Gerold Hafner Naxos/ 13 June 2018 18 Universität Stuttgart 21.06.2018 9

Titel der Präsentation Handling of organic residues transport to composting Gerold Hafner Naxos/ 13 June 2018 19 Handling of organic residues Composting area Gerold Hafner Naxos/ 13 June 2018 20 Universität Stuttgart 21.06.2018 10

Titel der Präsentation Diagnosis of the current status quo No treatment of residuals Gerold Hafner Naxos/ 13 June 2018 21 Diagnosis of the current status quo Composting in cooperatives Gerold Hafner Naxos/ 13 June 2018 22 Universität Stuttgart 21.06.2018 11

Titel der Präsentation Diagnosis of the current status quo Composting in farms Gerold Hafner Naxos/ 13 June 2018 23 Diagnosis of the current status quo Direct application to coffee plants Gerold Hafner Naxos/ 13 June 2018 24 Universität Stuttgart 21.06.2018 12

Titel der Präsentation Measurements Diagnosis of the current status quo Measurement of emissions Gerold Hafner Naxos/ 13 June 2018 26 Universität Stuttgart 21.06.2018 13

Titel der Präsentation Diagnosis of the current status quo Parameters • Temperature • Laboratory analyses • Methane, CH 4 • Oxygen, O 2 • Carbon dioxide, CO 2 • Humidity • Hydrogen sulphide, H 2 S • Dinitrogen monoxide, N 2 O • Ammonia, NH 3 Gerold Hafner Naxos/ 13 June 2018 27 preliminary results Universität Stuttgart 21.06.2018 14

Titel der Präsentation Composting - Problems • Anaerobic zones after one day of composting • High humidity in piles at beginning of process – too little humidity after O 2 O 2 some days O 2 O 2 O 2 O 2 CH 4 O 2 O 2 • Too little oxygen in center of piles CH 4 CH 4 CH 4 O 2 O 2 CH 4 • Insects, odor + dust • Large proportion of residuals untreated • GHG: climate relevant emissions. 9 Gerold Hafner Naxos/ 13 June 2018 29 Preliminary results emissions Gerold Hafner Naxos/ 13 June 2018 30 Universität Stuttgart 21.06.2018 15

Titel der Präsentation Preliminary results CH4 Gerold Hafner Naxos/ 13 June 2018 31 Preliminary results temperature Gerold Hafner Naxos/ 13 June 2018 32 Universität Stuttgart 21.06.2018 16

Titel der Präsentation Preliminary results Oxigen Gerold Hafner Naxos/ 13 June 2018 33 recommendations Universität Stuttgart 21.06.2018 17

Titel der Präsentation Recommendations (excerpt) membrane cover Gerold Hafner Naxos/ 13 June 2018 35 Recommendations (excerpt) active ventilation • Best Oxygen Supplement • Avoidance of anaerobic areas Gerold Hafner Naxos/ 13 June 2018 36 Universität Stuttgart 21.06.2018 18

Titel der Präsentation Alternative valorization of organic residuals • Production of RDF • Anaerobic digestion (synergetic effects with waste water treatment) • Production of beverages (lemonade, beer, liqueur) Gerold Hafner Naxos/ 13 June 2018 37 summary Universität Stuttgart 21.06.2018 19

Titel der Präsentation summary I. Relevant GHG emissions in coffee sector II. Process optimization through adapted operational management III. Add additional substrates IV. Training for cooperatives and individual farms V. Quality control of compost VI. Alternative valorization of coffee residues VII. Climate-neutral coffee production is possible Gerold Hafner Naxos/ 13 June 2018 39 Co-authors Gerold Hafner Martin Reiser Macarena San Martin Universität Stuttgart 21.06.2018 20

Titel der Präsentation Thank you very much! Gerold Hafner E-Mail Gerold.Hafner@iswa.uni-stuttgart.de Telefon +49 (0) 711 685- 6 54 38 University of Stuttgart, ISWA (RIK) Bandtäle 2 70569 Stuttgart Germany Universität Stuttgart 21.06.2018 21