The NOvA Test Beam Program ANDREW SUTTON ON BEHA LF OF THE NO V A C OLL ABORATION
The NOvA Experiment • N uMI O fg-Axis ν e A ppearance • Uses the most powerful muon neutrino beam (> 700 kW) • Two functionally equivalent tracking calorimeters ‒ Near Detector: 300 ton underground ‒ Far Detector: 14 kiloton on the surface • Measure ν ( ν disappearance and ν ( ν ) appearance ) µ µ e e 810 km ANDREW SUTTON 2
NOvA Physics Goals • Mass ordering (is ν 3 the heaviest mass state?) ‒ ordering efgects oscillations in matter • Is the θ 23 mixing angle 45°? (underlying ν / ν symmetry) µ τ • Probe CP violation in the lepton sector ‒ compare neutrino and anti-neutrino beams • Sterile neutrinos, exotic searches, neutrino cross-sections M.A. Acero et al. (NOvA) arXiv:1906.04907 (2019) Normal Hierarchy Inverted Hierarchy ANDREW SUTTON 3
Detector Technology • PVC tubes fjlled with liquid scintillator • Alternating horizontal and vertical planes for 3D tracking • Cells contain a loop of wavelength shifting fjber to collect light • Fibers are viewed by an avalanche photodiode (APD) Far Detector 6.0 cm 3.9 cm Near Detector Test Beam ANDREW SUTTON 4
NOνA Analysis Method • Use through going and stopping muons to calibrate and set the relative and absolute energy scales • Convolutional Visual Network event classifjer to identify interaction type (ν e , ν μ , NC) ‒ Tuned using simulation • Apply a containment cut • Cosmic rejection ν μ hadron ‒ Far detector is on the surface. ~O(10 10 ) cosmic rays per day candidate muon • Energy reconstruction by particle type ‒ Muon energy determined from track length and dE/dx ‒ Electromagnetic and hadronic energy is measured calorimetrically ν e candidate EM hadron ANDREW SUTTON 5
Why a Test Beam? • Test beams provide tagged single particles to study detector response • As we take more data the statistical limitations decrease making systematics more important • The largest uncertainties can be directly investigated • Test new calibration methods ‒ Currently use cosmic muons to set the relative and absolute energy scales ‒ Calibrate hadrons directly? • Improve simulation • Build a single particle library to develop reconstruction algorithms Numu selected FD spectrum ANDREW SUTTON 6
Fermilab Test Beam Facility • Utilize the FTBF MCenter Beamline (LArIAT used this beamline prevously) • 120 GeV protons from main injector produce a 8-80 GeV secondary beam of primarily protons and pions • Secondary beam then produces a tertiary beam of pions, protons, electrons, muons, and kaons ‒ Use a bending magnet to select particles from 0.2-2 GeV/c https://www.fnal.gov/pub/science/particle-accelerators/images/accel-complex-animation.gif ANDREW SUTTON 7
Beamline Secondary Beam • Tunable beam of protons and pions incident on Cu target generates tertiary beam ANDREW SUTTON 8
Beamline Secondary Beam • Tunable beam of protons and pions incident on Cu target generates tertiary beam • Time of fmight (TOF) system to tag heavy particles (p,K) ANDREW SUTTON 9
Beamline Secondary Beam • Tunable beam of protons and pions incident on Cu target generates tertiary beam • Time of fmight (TOF) system to tag heavy particles (p,K) • Multi-wire proportional chambers (MWPCs) to measure defmection angle through Magnet ANDREW SUTTON 10
Beamline Secondary Beam • Tunable beam of protons and pions incident on Cu target generates tertiary beam • Cherenkov counter (1 atm CO 2 ) to distinguish electrons • Time of fmight (TOF) system to tag heavy particles (p,K) from muons and pions • Multi-wire proportional chambers (MWPCs) to measure defmection angle through Magnet ANDREW SUTTON 11
Beamline Secondary Beam • Tunable beam of protons and pions incident on Cu target generates tertiary beam • Cherenkov counter (1 atm CO 2 ) to distinguish electrons • Time of fmight (TOF) system to tag heavy particles (p,K) from muons and pions • Measure response of the NOvA Detector • Multi-wire proportional chambers (MWPCs) to measure defmection angle through Magnet ANDREW SUTTON 12
Secondary Beam ANDREW SUTTON 13
Test Beam Detector • Functionally identical to the Near and Far detectors • Outfjtted with FD and ND electronics to compare readouts ‒ The two main detectors have difgerent versions of the readout boards • The fjrst half of the detector has been fjlled with scintillator, second half will be fjlled over summer shutdown top view Cosmic event FD: 344,064 channels ND: 20,192 channels side view TB: 4,032 channels ANDREW SUTTON 14
Commissioning • Detector and beamline fully installed by May 26 th • Fermilab summer shutdown started July 6 th ‒ May and June Fermilab AD operated on a bi-weekly basis • Used the time to tune the secondary beam and commission beamline and main detector /c * Very preliminary PID plot ANDREW SUTTON 15
Commissioning • Matching beamline and detector events ‒ Proton candidate top view ‒ Entered ~ 0, 0, 0 ‒ Stopped in the detector ‒ Measured ToF: 58.5 ns Beam direction ‒ Reconstructed momentum: 1.10 GeV/c side view ANDREW SUTTON 16
Commissioning • Matching beamline and detector events ‒ Proton candidate top view ‒ Entered ~ 0, 0, 0 ‒ Stopped in the detector ‒ Measured ToF: 58.5 ns Beam ‒ Reconstructed momentum: 1.10 GeV/c direction side view ANDREW SUTTON 17
Current Status and Future Plans • Continue to commission the beamline detectors with radiation sources and cosmics • The main detector will take cosmics for calibration • Fill the second half of the detector • Resume data collection when beam returns • Analyze and apply results ANDREW SUTTON 18
Thanks! • 7 postdocs, 11 grad students, and 11 undergrads (and a few professors) This material is based upon work supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Workforce Development for Teachers and Scientists, Office of Science Graduate Student Research (SCGSR) program. The SCGSR program is administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education (ORISE) for the DOE. ORISE is managed by ORAU under contract number DE‐SC0014664. ANDREW SUTTON 19
Back-Ups ANDREW SUTTON ANDREW SUTTON 20 20
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