THE RISE OF NOVA 1 Joao Coelho 13 July 2015 OUTLINE Neutrino - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Joao Coelho 13 July 2015 Joao Coelho For the NOvA Collaboration THE RISE OF NOVA 1

Joao Coelho 13 July 2015 OUTLINE  Neutrino Oscillations  NuMI Beam  Bi-probability plot  NOvA Experiment  Numu Disappearance  Nue Appearance  What to expect 2

Joao Coelho 13 July 2015 NEUTRINO OSCILLATION 3

Joao Coelho 13 July 2015 NEUTRINO OSCILLATION Time 4

Joao Coelho 13 July 2015 NEUTRINO OSCILLATION 5

Joao Coelho 13 July 2015 NEUTRINO OSCILLATION 6

Joao Coelho 13 July 2015 NEUTRINO OSCILLATION 7

Joao Coelho 13 July 2015 NEUTRINO OSCILLATION 8

Joao Coelho 13 July 2015 NEUTRINO OSCILLATION 9

Joao Coelho 13 July 2015 NEUTRINO OSCILLATION 10

Joao Coelho 13 July 2015 NEUTRINO OSCILLATION 11

Joao Coelho 13 July 2015 NEUTRINO OSCILLATION Flip CP  Flip T (CPT theorem)  Triangle is not symmetric (CP violation)  n ̅ n 12

Joao Coelho 13 July 2015 NEUTRINO OSCILLATION  n a → n a is T invariant, so it must be CP invariant (CPT theorem)  Also, only even orders in D ≡ D m 2 L/E n m Disappearance q mm ~ q 23 symmetry D m 2 mm ~ D m 2 32 symmetry n e Appearance CP violation (sin d term) Breaks q 23 symmetry Different effective D m 2 13

Joao Coelho 13 July 2015 GOING THROUGH THE EARTH • Earth is transparent to neutrinos • It has a neutrino “refractive index” • Main effect is change in q 13 • Depends on sign of D m 2 32 • Different signs for n and n ̅ • Apparent CP violation 14

Joao Coelho 13 July 2015 THE NUMI BEAM 15

Joao Coelho 13 July 2015 RAMPING UP Neutrinos • Capable of 700 kW to Far Det. • Currently at ~470 kW NOvA • Full power by mid 2016 Near Det. • 6.4 x 10 20 PoT delivered Hadron Decay NuMI Target Proton Accel. 16

Joao Coelho 13 July 2015 BASELINE NOvA 810 km 0.84 ˚ off -axis 17

Joao Coelho 13 July 2015 OFF-AXIS On-axis 14 mrad 7 mrad 18

Joao Coelho 13 July 2015 NUE APPEARANCE 19

Joao Coelho 13 July 2015 NUE APPEARANCE 20

Joao Coelho 13 July 2015 NUE APPEARANCE 21

Joao Coelho 13 July 2015 NUE APPEARANCE D m 2 32 < 0 Matter Effect D m 2 32 > 0 22

Joao Coelho 13 July 2015 NUE APPEARANCE CPV Matter Term Effect 23

Joao Coelho 13 July 2015 NUE APPEARANCE d CP CPV Matter Term Effect 24

Joao Coelho 13 July 2015 NUE APPEARANCE Normal Ordering Inverted Ordering q 23 > p /4 q 23 < p /4 25

Joao Coelho 13 July 2015 NUE APPEARANCE Normal Ordering Inverted Ordering q 23 > p /4 q 23 < p /4 26

NOVA Joao Coelho 13 July 2015 27

Joao Coelho 13 July 2015 NOVA Highly active (60%) Tracking calorimeters Fine granularity (4x6 cm) FD → 344,064 channels ND → 20,192 channels 28

Joao Coelho 13 July 2015 NOVA Highly active (60%) Tracking calorimeters Fine granularity (4x6 cm) FD → 344,064 channels ND → 20,192 channels 29

Joao Coelho 13 July 2015 NOVA 30

DETECTORS COMPLETE Joao Coelho 13 July 2015 31

DETECTORS COMPLETE Joao Coelho 13 July 2015 32

DETECTORS COMPLETE Joao Coelho 13 July 2015 33

FAR DETECTOR Joao Coelho 13 July 2015 34

Joao Coelho 13 July 2015 FD DATA 550 m s trigger window 35

Joao Coelho 13 July 2015 FD DATA 10 m s beam window 36

Joao Coelho 13 July 2015 FD DATA Zoom in on neutrino interaction 37

NEAR DETECTOR Joao Coelho 13 July 2015 100 m NOvA Near Det. Beam axis 38

Joao Coelho 13 July 2015 ND DATA 550 m s trigger window 39

Joao Coelho 13 July 2015 ND DATA 10 m s beam window 40

Joao Coelho 13 July 2015 ND DATA Separate into different interactions (slices) 41

Joao Coelho 13 July 2015 ND DATA Isolate contained neutrino interaction 42

Joao Coelho 13 July 2015 ND DATA Reconstruct vertex and clusters 43

Joao Coelho 13 July 2015 NUMU DISAPPEARANCE 44

Joao Coelho 13 July 2015 NOVA TOPOLOGIES 45

Joao Coelho 13 July 2015 NC REJECTION 46

Joao Coelho 13 July 2015 COSMIC REJECTION Selection n m -CC Signal NC Background Cosmics No Cuts 127 380 19.1 M Containment 109 195 120 k NC Rejection 86 5 44 k Cosmics Rejection 75 4 1 • Track information used in BDT • Achieve a 19M : 1 rejection ratio • Numbers based on 1 nominal year (6 x 10 20 PoT x 14 kt) 47

Joao Coelho 13 July 2015 NUMU DISAPPEARANCE • Clear oscillation signal • Excellent resolution of oscillation dip • ~1% precision on sin 2 (2 q 23 ) 48

Joao Coelho 13 July 2015 NUMU DISAPPEARANCE • Will test maximal mixing 68% CL • MINOS-T2K discrepancy 90% CL • First results may give some hints, but will not be conclusive 49

Joao Coelho 13 July 2015 NUE APPEARANCE 50

Joao Coelho 13 July 2015 NOVA TOPOLOGIES 51

Joao Coelho 13 July 2015 FINDING NUE’S Library Event Matching • Compare hit distribution with a library of MC simulated events • Perform multivariate analysis on properties of best matches to event Likelihood n e Identifier • Compare LogL of energy deposition with different particle assumptions • Perform multivariate analysis on LogL differences and shower properties 52

Joao Coelho 13 July 2015 COSMIC REJECTION Cosmic LID LEM Background* *Based on 96 live-seconds No Cuts 15 M 15 M Containment 0.6 M 1 M Cosmics 5 k 6 k Rejection Preselection 40 60 PID 0.3 0.3 • Cosmic rejection essential • Similar performance from both selection methods • Achieve a 50M : 1 rejection ratio 53

Joao Coelho 13 July 2015 HOW MANY? • Far detector predictions are corrected using near detector data • Predictions are scaled to a full detector exposure equivalent to approx. 1/2 nominal year, representative of expected first results • The oscillation model assumed no matter effect and: • d CP = 0 • sin 2 2 q 13 = 0.095 PRELIMINARY Osc. n e -CC Total Bkg. n m -CC NC Beam n e -CC Cosmics LEM 4.7 1.5 0.07 0.5 0.5 0.4 LID 4.4 1.3 0.07 0.4 0.4 0.4 54

Joao Coelho 13 July 2015 WHAT TO EXPECT 55

Joao Coelho 13 July 2015 THE TENSION sin 2 (2 q 13 ) ~ 0.1 T2K 295 km Normal Ordering Inverted Ordering 735 km 56

Joao Coelho 13 July 2015 WHAT WE KNOW Normal Ordering Inverted Ordering 57

Joao Coelho 13 July 2015 WHAT WE’LL FIND OUT Disclaim laimer er: : No No official al NO NOvA data or simulation tion used d in these plots ots. • What if NOvA sees 6 events? • Average expectation • Lower than T2K • No clear answer on mass ordering, but still prefer maximal CP violation due to T2K Normal Ordering Inverted Ordering 58

Joao Coelho 13 July 2015 WHAT WE’LL FIND OUT Disclaim laimer er: : No No official al NO NOvA data or simulation tion used d in these plots ots. • What if NOvA sees 9 events? • Higher than expected • Similar to T2K • Some tension with standard oscillation • Improved sensitivity to mass ordering, q 23 octant and CP violation Normal Ordering Inverted Ordering 59

Joao Coelho 13 July 2015 WHAT WE’LL FIND OUT Disclaim laimer er: : No No official al NO NOvA data or simulation tion used d in these plots ots. • What if NOvA sees 3 events? • Lower than expected • Opposite of T2K • Relatively strong tension with standard oscillation picture Normal Ordering Inverted Ordering 60

Joao Coelho 13 July 2015 THE END GOAL Normal Ordering Inverted Ordering 61

Joao Coelho 13 July 2015 NOVA ♥ T2K Normal Ordering Inverted Ordering 62

Joao Coelho 13 July 2015 SUMMARY • NOvA will be releasing exciting first results in the upcoming weeks • About half a nominal year of full detector equivalent data already collected (~3 x 10 20 PoT) • Predict anywhere from 3 to 9 candidate n e events depending on exact oscillation parameters • Will NOvA prefer MINOS or T2K? • Place your bets! 63

Joao Coelho 13 July 2015 BACKUP SLIDES 64

Joao Coelho 13 July 2015 NON-STANDARD INTERACTIONS • What if there are new interactions? • Change in refractive index • Extra CP violation • Larger parameter space • NOvA will have world leading sensitive to these NSI effects 65

Joao Coelho 13 July 2015 NON-STANDARD INTERACTIONS 66