The Mediterranean Gateway to the Energy Union Brussels, 22 nd of - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

The Mediterranean Gateway to the Energy Union Brussels, 22 nd of November 2017 Stefano da Empoli Franco D’Amore Gloria Marcotullio

Index • Overview • Electricity sector • Main indicators • The Mediterranean electricity grid • Gas sector • Main indicators • Mediterranean gas exisJng infrastructures & new projects • Open Issues

Overview

Mediterranean countries (all together) Mediterranean Countries (21 Countries) account for: • 6.82% of World populaJon • 11.60% of World GDP • 6.81% of World TPES • 7.85% of World electricity consumpJons • 5.90% of World emissions

Popula8on dynamics in the Mediterranean Region 350 000 300 000 20,7% 250 000 2,7% EU MED 200 000 MENA Balkans & Turkey 150 000 12,0% 100 000 50 000 2010 2015 2020 2025 2030 2035 2040 2045 2050 2055 rce: I-Com on UN data

Mediterranean TPES and primary energy mix (2015) EU-Med (TPES = 558,839 ktoe) MENA (TPES = 230,192 ktoe) Balkans & Turkey (TPES = 140,038 ktoe) 3% 5% 7% 13% 14% 28% Coal Oil 41% 35% 23% Natural gas 28% Nudear 51% RES 30% 22% TPES/ab. [toe/ab] 3 2,5 2 1,5 1 0,5 0 EU-Med MENA Balkans & Turkey rce: I-Com on IEA data

rce: I-Com on IEA data -200% -150% -100% Mediterranean imports - 2015 100% -50% 50% 0% Algeria Egypt Libya Morocco Tunisia Israel Jordan Lebanon Syria Turkey Net import/TPES - 2015 Albania Bosnia Herzegovina Montenegro Croazia Cyprus France Greece Italy Malta Slovenia Spain EU-Med MENA Balkans & Turkey

rce: I-Com on IEA data Mediterranean renewables 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35% 40% 0% 5% Algeria Egypt Lybia Morocco Tunisia 2000 Israel 2007 Jordan Lebanon 2015 Total renewable energy supply/total primary energy supply Syria Turkey Albania Bosnia Herzegovina Montenegro Croazia Cyprus France Greece Italy Malta Slovenia Spain EU-Med MENA Balkans & Turkey

rce: I-Com on IEA data Energy efficiency and emissions tCO2/capita Toe/thousand dollars 2010 10 12 0,1 0,2 0,3 0,4 0,5 0,6 0,7 0 2 4 6 8 0 Algeria Egypt Libya Morocco Tunisia Israel Jordan Lebanon Syria Turkey CO2 emissions/populaJon 2000 2000 Albania TPES/GDP Bosnia 2007 2007 Herzegovina 2015 Montenegro 2015 Croazia Cyprus France Greece Italy Malta Slovenia Spain EU-Med MENA

Mediterranean energy engagement Energy efficiency RES CO2 MiJgaJon Algeria -9% of energy consump]on 27% of electricity genera]on From -7% to -22%* -17% of electricity genera]on (vs Israel 17% electricity genera]on -23% compared to BAU BAU) 11% of the energy mix Jordan From -1.5% to -14%* (2025) -3% in electricity demand vs BAU 15% of electricity and heat From -15% to -30% Lebanon (up to 20%) compared to BAU From -13% -34% compared Morocco -15% of energy consump]on 52% of electricity capacity to BAU 30% of electricity genera]on From -9% to -38% Tunisia -30% of energy demand vs 2010 compared to BAU Turkey 36 GW -21% compared to BAU EU (Cyprus, France, Greece, Italy, -27% of energy demand in 2030 27% RES in 2030 -40% compared to 1990 Malta, Portugal, Slovenia, Spain) * Based on the of interna]onal financing availability rce: OME

Electricity sector Main indicators The Mediterranean electricity grid

rce: I-Com on IEA data MWh/capita Electricity consump8on per capita - 2015 0,00 1,00 2,00 3,00 4,00 5,00 6,00 7,00 8,00 Algeria Egypt Lybia Morocco Tunisia Israel Jordan Lebanon Syria Turkey Albania Bosnia Herzegovina Montenegro Croazia Cyprus France Greece Italy Malta Slovenia Spain EU-Med MENA Balkans & Turkey

Installed capacity per capita - 2014 3,00 2,50 2,00 kW per capita 1,50 1,00 0,50 0,00 rce: I-Com on UN data

Electrical capacity - 2014 EU-Med (total capacity= 393,814 MW) 9% 11% 43% 19% 18% Combus]ble fuels Nuclear Geothermal Hydro Wind Solar Other Balkans & Turkey (total capacity = 79,932 MW) MENA (total capacity = 106,867 MW) 1% 1% 5% 6% 36% 59% 92% Combus]ble fuels Nuclear Geothermal Hydro Wind Solar Other Combus]ble fuels Nuclear Geothermal Hydro Wind Solar rce: I-Com on IEA data

Electrical produc8on - 2015 EU-Med (total producJon = 1,217 TWh) 4% 11% Coal Oil 16% Gas Other (Nuclear+RES) 69% MENA (total producJon = 459 TWh) Balkans & Turkey (total producJon = 286 TWh) 6% 10% 30% Coal Coal 34% 20% Oil Oil Gas Gas 1% Other (Nuclear+RES) Other (Nuclear+RES) 64% 35% rce: I-Com on IEA data

rce: I-Com on different na]onal data Electricity prices (domes8c sector) - 2016 EU-Med=100 100 150 200 250 50 0 < 160kWh/Month Jord. 501-600kWh/Month > 1000kWh/Month Alg. < 50kWh/month Egy. 351-650kWh/month > 1000kWh/month Mor. Mid-peak hours <100 Leb. 300-400kWh/month >500kWh/month Tur. ≈200-400kWh/month Alb. Bos. H. Mont. ≈200-400kWh/month ≈200-400kWh/month ≈200-400kWh/month ≈200-400kWh/month It. Fr. ≈200-400kWh/month Cro. ≈200-400kWh/month Cyp. ≈200-400kWh/month Gre. ≈200-400kWh/month Mal. ≈200-400kWh/month Sp. ≈200-400kWh/month

Exis8ng electricity infrastructures Mediterranean exisJng interconnecJons Algeria, Morocco, Tunisia Spain-Morocco Egypt, Iraq, Jordan, Lebanon, Libya, Pales]ne, Syria and Turkey Turkey-Bulgaria Turkey-Greece Source: Entso-E (2017)

Electricity infrastructures projects Planned North Mediterranean electricity South Mediterranean electricity InterconnecJon InterconnecJons projects Nominal From To Status project Voltage level line capaci Morocco 400 kV 1200 MW Algeria Tunisia 400 kV 1200 MW Sudan Feasibility phase 600 kV (DC) 2000 MW Saudi Arabia Permilng phase 500 kV (DC) 3000 MW Egypt Libya Feasibility phase 500/400 kV 500 MW Pales]ne Feasibility phase 220 kV 150 MV Pales]ne Feasibility phase 400 kV 1000 MV Jordan Saudi Arabia 400 kV 500 MV Egypt 400 kV 1200 MV *projects out of the PCIs list Egypt Feasibility phase 400 kV (Libyan side) 500 MW Egypt Feasibility phase From To Status Commissioning data 500 kV (Egyp]an Libya side) France Italy under construc]on 2019 Tunisia 400 kV 500 MW France Spain feasibility study 2025 Algeria 400 kV 500 MW Morocco Spain 50 MV Portugal Spain permilng phase 2018 Jordan Feasibility phase 400 kV 150 MV Israel Cyprus-Greece planned 2019-2022 PalesJne Egypt Feasibility phase 220 kV 150 MV Italy Montenegro Under construc]on 2019 Libya 500 MW Tunisia Italy Slovenia under construc]on n.a. Sardinia* Corsica preliminary planning phase Italy* Tunisia preliminary planning phase Source: EU Commission, Terna (2017)

Gas sector Main indicators Mediterranean gas exisJng infrastructures & new projects

Mediterranean natural gas reserves Natural gas proved reserves 10.000,0 1.000,0 Billion mc 100,0 10,0 1,0 0,1 Algeria Egypt Libya Syria Israel Jordan Morocco Cyprus Italy Croa]a France Spain Greece Albania Turkey Share of Mediterranean natural gas proved reserves 5% 95% Mediterranean Rest of the World rce: I-Com on CIA, ECFR data

Net import/consump8on and per capita consump8on of gas - 2016 Net import/consumpJon (%) 100% 50% 0% -50% -100% -150% -200% Natural gas consumpJon per capita (mc) 1.400 1.200 cubic metres 1.000 800 600 400 200 0 rce: I-Com on ENI data

Final gas consump8on per sector - 2015 EU-Med MENA Balkans & Turkey 1% 3% 27% 34% 34% Industry 41% Transport Other 56% Non-energy use 61% 2% 4% 35% 2% rce: I-Com on IEA data

Exis8ng infrastructures Pipelines LNG Number of LGN export terminal Area Name Interconnected countries Algeria 5 Egypt 2 Algeria-Morocco-Spain- Maghreb-Europe gas pipeline Libya 1 Portugal Western Number of LGN import terminal Medgaz Algeria-Spain Spain 3 TransMed Algeria-Tunisia-Italy-Slovenia Italy 3 Central Greenstream Libya-Italy Egypt 2 Turkey 2 Egypt-Jordan-Syria-Lebanon- France 2 Eastern Arab gas pipeline Turkey Greece 1 Israel 1 Jordan 1 rce: GIE, IGU (2017)

Mediterranean capacity of LNG import terminals and net imports- 2016 LNG import capacity 40 35 30 Billion mc/year 25 20 15 10 5 0 Spain Italy Egypt Turkey France Jordan Greece Israel Net LNG imports 16 14 12 Billion mc/year 10 8 6 4 2 0 Spain Egypt France Turkey Italy Jordan Greece Israel rce: GIE, IGU (2017)

Mediterranean natural gas projects *project out of the PCIs list Commi From To Name Status ng Portugal Spain planned Western 2021 area Spain France Midcat planned 2022 Malta Italy planned 2026 Malta LNG project planned 2021 Algeria Sardinia-Italy Galsi permilng 2019 under Greece Italy via Albania TAP 2020 construc]on Italy Greece Poseidon permilng 2022 Central area Croa]a Slovenia permilng 2019-2020 Montenegro- Albania IAP* Bosnia and Herzegovina Krk (Slovenia) permilng 2018 LNG projects Greece permilng 2020 (Northern) Cyprus Greece via Crete EastMed permilng 2022 Cyprus LNG project planned Eastern area Turkmenistan via Georgia and under Turkey to Europe TCP 2021 and Azerbaijan considera]on rce: EU Commission, GIE

Mediterranean energy coopera8on plaQorms Borom-up Top-down ENP -> DG NEAR MEDREG External Investment Plan (European Fund for MEDENER Sustainable Development - EFSD) -> DG DEVCO MEDTSO OME UfM -> energy & climate dialogue plaporm ( DG ENERGY ) RES & EE electricity gas