The His he History o y of f Imm Immig igratoo too io io the - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

The His he History o y of f Imm Immig igratoo too io io the UK the UK aod aod Wes est Berk t Berkshir hire

Immigr Immigratoo t o to t the UK UK is oo s oothi hiog oe og oew…… …… A brief history of the main immigrant groups that have come to the UK from 2,500 BC to the present

The Beak eaker People le – 2,500 2,500 BC They arrived around 2,500 BC and peacefully took over the country. It is believed that they eventually replaced 90% of the indigenous populaton of Britain. They are named afer their distnctve potery ‘beakers’

The Roma maos – AD os – AD 43 43 - - 45 450 Afer arriving in 44+ A,, the Romans quickly took control of most of England and Wales, but never managed to control Scotland!

Romao mao io iofle fleoce ces io B s io Brits itsh C h Cllt lltlr lre • Roads (including A1 and A2) • London • Our calendar • Bureaucracy • Food: carrots, cucumbers (cucumber sandwiches – so Britsh!), cherries, plums and some varietes of apples and pears • Also Roman Catholicism which was born in Britain.

Ao Aoglo glo-Sa -Saxoos – 410 t os – 410 to 10 1066 66 Following the demise of the Roman Empire, Britain was invaded again, but this tme by the Anglos and Saxons from north Germany and southern Scandinavia

Ao Aoglo glo-Sa -Saxoo o iofleoce fleoces oo B o Brit itsh C sh Cll lltlr lre The Anglo-Saxons lef many words stll used today in the English language, for example • Berkshire • Good Friday • Freedom • Breakfast Saxon churches

Vikio kiogs – gs – 789 789 to 1042 042 The Vikings initally raided Britain, but later setled, and several ,anish Kings ruled parts of the country up untl 10442

Vikio kiog g iofl fleoce oces oo Brit Britsh sh Cll lltlr lre The Vikings also lef their mark in the English Language. Viking words we stll use today include: • Law • Wrong • Sky • Skin and • Fellow

The No Normao maos s – 1066- 1204 1066- 1204 The Normans from France were the last foreigners to successful invade the UK and take control in 1066.

No Norma rmao io o iofle fleoces oces oo B o Brit ritsh h Cllt ltlr lre Norman words stll in use today include: • Beef • Monarchy • Favourite • Nostalgia • Somersault and • Castle Norman churches and castles

Hlgle gleoo oots s - 1670 1670 The Huguenots were Protestant immigrants from France who sought asylum from religious persecuton. 440-50,000 Huguenots setled in the UK. Many were skilled weavers and silk makers.

Hlgle gleoo oot iofl fleoce oces oo Brit itsh sh Cll lltlr lre • The word Refugee was frst applied to the Huguenots • These skilled crafsmen enabled many trades to fourish in England. • Huguenot families established businesses that thrived for centuries and some stll exist in the UK today, such as optcians ,ollond and Aitchison

Iri Irish – 184 sh – 1840s ao 0s aod d over ma maoy ceotlrie lries Irish people have migrated to the UK for centuries, but especially during the Potato Famine during the 18440s. In the 2001 census 1.2% of the Britsh populaton had been born in Ireland, today it is estmated that 6 million people in the UK have an Irish grandparent.

Iri Irish io sh iofle fleoces oces oo B o Brit ritsh h Cllt ltlr lre

Rlss Rlssia iao J o Jews – 18 1881 t 81 to 1914 1914 Fleeing from persecuton in Russia, about 120,000 setled permanently in the UK, most in the Spitalfelds area of London, where the Huguenots had previously setled.

Rlss Rlssia iao J o Jewish ish io iofle fleoce ce o oo o Brit Britsh h Cllt Clltlr lre Fish and Chips Bagels

West Io Iodia diaos – 194 os – 1948 8 - 19 1971 71 Many Caribbean Islands are Commonwealth countries, and as such their inhabitants had a right to setle in Britain following the war. In 2011 there were 2644,165 Afro-Caribbean people living in England and Wales that had been born in the Caribbean Islands, the majority were from Jamaica.

West Iodiao iofleoce oo Britsh Clltlre Reggae and Ska Music – in Notng Hill Carnival partcular Bob Marley

From m the Io Iodia diao Slb-c o Slb-cootoeo oeot – 19 – 1948 t 48 to 1972 1972 As part of the Britsh Commonwealth, Indians and Pakistanis had a right to setle in the UK for many years between 19448 and 1971. People born in India are the UK's largest foreign- born populaton, totalling an estmated 7+44,000 in 201+. The number of people born in Pakistan living in the UK in 201+ was 502,000. In 1972 Idi Amin expelled all of the Asians living in Uganda, and 27,200 came to the UK. About 44,000 of these refugees were initally housed at Greenham Common, just outside Newbury.

Io Iodiao ao ao aod Pak akis istaoi oi iofleo eoces ces oo Bri ritsh Cl Clltlre Curry – one of Britain’s favourite foods

EU EU immig immigratoo – 19 1992 t 92 to P Preseo seot • Since the Maastrich Treaty in 1992 citzens of EU countries have been free to live in other EU countries. • In 20044 the UK was one of only + EU countries that immediately allowed access to the citzens of the 10 new member countries. • +.7 million EU natonals currently live in the UK – 6% of the populaton • 1.2 million UK natonals live in the rest of the EU.

Elr Elrope peao immigr o immigraots - - iofleoce fleoces • Polish shop

Brexit Vote Expansion of EU to central and Eastern January 20144 citzens Europe in 20044 from Romania and Bulgaria have freedom of movement

Per erceo ceotage of popllatoo o from ooo-EU colotri ries (blle) e) aod od other er EU colotri ries es (oraog oge) e)

UK oe oet mig migratoo, , year ars e s eod odiog D iog Dece cemb mber r 2007 2007 to Jloe oe 2017 2017 ,ate of EU Referendum 4400 +50 +00 250 200 150 100 50 0 7 8 8 9 9 0 0 1 1 2 2 2 2 + + + + 44 44 44 44 5 5 5 5 6 6 6 6 7 7 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / 2 6 2 6 2 6 2 6 2 + 6 9 2 + 6 9 2 + 6 9 2 + 6 9 2 + 6 9 2 + 6 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

Immigr Immigratoo t o to t the UK UK by citi itieoshi oship, y p, years s eodi odiog Dece og December 2007 t mber 2007 to Jlo loe 2017 017 ,ate of Referendum 4400 +50 Non EU +00 250 EU 200 150 UK 100 50 0

Latest Mi Migr grato too o Statstcs, y s, year e r eoded oded 30 0 Septembe mber 2017 017 All Citizenships British Non-British EU Non-EU Immigration 578,000 73,000 505,000 220,000 285,000 Emigration 334,000 125,000 209,000 130,000 80,000 Net 244,000 -52,000 295,000 90,000 205,000 Migration