The Greenest Little Schools in the Midwest And what we can do to - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

The Greenest Little Schools in the Midwest And what we can do to get there… Kristine Chalifoux, AIA Smart Energy Design Assistance Center

Green Schools Checklist � Energy use, � Solid waste generation, � Indoor air quality, � Mold growth, � Pest management, � Water consumption, � Building renovation and construction, � Recycling, � Purchasing.

What are ‘Green Schools’? � Economically efficient � Promotes occupant well being � Responsive to the environment � Pedagogical opportunities � Energy efficient schools do no take away from safety, health, security, or comfort

Why save energy? � If total annual gas and electric costs = $1.6M � 10% energy savings = $160,000 � Roughly enough to hire three new teachers, buy 300 new computers or purchase 7,000 new textbooks. � This is money we can’t afford to leave on the table (or in the utility’s coffers)!

Building Codes and Beyond � Illinois Energy Conservation Code 2009 ASHRAE 90.1 2007 – International Energy Conservation Code – 2009 � ASHRAE Advanced Energy Design Guides 30% less energy than ASHRAE 90.1 1999 – 50% and Zero-energy buildings in the – works. Download free from ASHRAE

Why is energy wasted? � Some problems are invisible � Users are not aware of the significance � People don’t know what to do � There is conflicting information � Sometimes it’s not easy or convenient � We don’t always remember that many little steps add up to big savings

Benchmark (is it a Hog?) � Use your energy bills to estimate: � $/sf per year (quick and dirty, but use with caution) – < $1/sf = good – $1 to $2/sf = fair to slightly poor (typical) – $2 to $3/sf = probably room for improvement – >$3/sf = oink (unless there is a process) � kBtu/sf per year – More accurate than dollar metric – Use ENERGY STAR TargetFinder

Illinois School Benchmarks (K-12) kBtu/sf ‐ yr 100 120 140 160 20 40 60 80 0 1 ‐ Elem 2 ‐ HS 3 ‐ Elem $/sf kBtu/sf from electricity kBtu/sf from gas 4 ‐ Elem 5 ‐ Elem 6 ‐ Elem 7 ‐ HS 8 ‐ Elem 9 ‐ HS 10 ‐ HS K ‐ 12 School Energy Use Intensities 11 ‐ Elem 12 ‐ Elem 13 ‐ Elem 14 ‐ HS 15 ‐ Elem 16 ‐ Elem 17 ‐ MS 18 ‐ Elem 19 ‐ Elem 20 ‐ Elem 21 ‐ HS 22 ‐ Elem 23 ‐ Elem 24 ‐ Admin 25 ‐ Admin 26 ‐ Elem 27 ‐ MS 28 ‐ HS 29 ‐ Elem 30 ‐ Elem 31 ‐ Elem $ ‐ $0.50 $1.00 $1.50 $2.00 $2.50 $/sf

How Schools Use Energy � Building Envelope (Walls, Roof, Windows, Floors) � Lighting � Heating, Ventilating, and Air Conditioning (HVAC) � Internal and Process Loads (cooking, hot water, swimming pools, laboratories, food service, etc.) � Typical ECRMs – Envelope � Insulation and windows – Lighting – LED exit signs – HVAC upgrades

Increase Envelope R-Values � Insulate Walls to at least R-13 + R-7.5 c.i. � Insulate Roofs to at least R- 20, Attics to R-38. � Floors over unconditioned spaces to R-30. � These are code minimums. � Highly Efficient Buildings will have values which exceed these.

Window / Door Characteristics � Install efficient windows in new construction and replacements � Air seal older windows � Maintain window and door weather- stripping

Window Rules-of-Thumb Co ld Mixe d Ho t Climate Climate Climate U -Value <0.35 all c limate s: lo w U no t quite as impo rtant in ho t c limate s VT >60% >50% >50% SHGC >0.40 0.40 <0.40 Spac e r warm-e dge spac e rs fo r all c limate s F rame T he rmally bro ke n frame s fo r all c limate s Air L e akage <0.30 c fm/ sf fo r all c limate s

Air Sealing � Just as important in a school as it is in your home – maybe even more! � Wind and Stack effects are greater in multi story buildings. � Warm air rises, sucking more air in low while it pushes air out high.

HVAC Systems � Install efficient (>92%) boilers and furnaces � Install efficient (EER 11.5+) cooling systems � Install demand control ventilation � Direct digital controls � Radiator valves � Commission/Retrocommission

Programmable Thermostats They work when you use them. � Set Heating to 68 F, set-back to at least 60 during unoccupied periods. Let condensation be your guide. � Set cooling to 74, set-up to 80 during unoccupied periods. Developing morning recovery schedule based on demand charges or system capacity. � Work with recovery times to determine best fit for your building and system.

Lighting � Lighting Power Density 1.2W/sf maximum. � Use T5 (new) or high efficiency T8s (retrofit) � Direct/Indirect lighting helps reduce LPD � Combine with daylighting wherever possible � Add controls to allow for lower light levels where possible. � Replace high-bay metal halides with fluorescents

Occupancy Sensors � Use them for: – Classrooms – Offices – Restroom lighting – Storage Areas – Mechanical Rooms � Get creative – use for HVAC in individual rooms or zones.

12:00 Manage Plug Loads � Screen savers save no energy! � Personal Occupancy Sensor � Know what can be turned off � Phantom loads � Kill-A-Watt meter – Great for classes!

Vending Energy Management � Install vending Energy Management systems on all drink and snack vending machines. � Rebates are available of $100 per beverage machine and $30 per snack machine (which cost $79 each)

LED Exit Signs � Payback is quick � Rebates available � Very basic lighting energy savings measure � Chicago approved � Change from incandescent at >28W to LED at <2 W

Street and Parking Lot Lighting � Probe Start HID to Pulse Start HID a typical retrofit. � Fluorescent Induction, and LEDs making moves into market

Recycling � Do you really need it? � Can you reuse it? � Can you recycle it? – Solid waste recycling – E-waste recycling – Food Scrap composting – Freecycle � Illinois Zero Waste Schools Grant Program (application deadline is 1/29/2010)

Indoor Air Quality and Mold � Adhere to Illinois Green Clean guidelines � New construction/renovations – install only low VOC materials � Fresh air (too much vs too little) � Limit moisture

Water Savings � Saves water and energy costs � Faucet Aerators � Low Flow Shower Heads � Low Flow Water Closets � Low Flow Urinals � Reduced cooling loads reduce cooling tower water usage � Eliminate once-through cooling systems where possible

Water Saving Fixture Data Fixture Type EPAct 1992 Usage Water Efficient Limit Fixture Water Closet 1.6 GPF 1.1 to 0.8 GPF Urinal 1.0 GPF 0.5 to 0.0 GPF Faucet 2.5 GPM 1.8 to 0.5 GPM Shower 2.5 GPM 1.8 GPM Irrigation ? Use water efficient plants

Transportation � Energy efficiency busses � Reduce idling � Bus routing adjustments

Grounds � Minimize chemical fertilizer � Plant native species requiring no watering � Use conservative watering schedule � Lawn mowing, leaf blowing and trimming create more pollution that cars used for the same period of time. Consider alternatives. � Install a green roof � Use permeable paving � Incorporate swales

‘No-Cost’ Strategies � Benchmark Schools � Establish a recognition program � Assign Responsibility � Control classroom thermostats � Turn off lighting � Establish a plug load plan � Keep windows and doors closed when HVAC is on � Savings from 10 – 15%

Pedagogical Approach � Use as an opportunity to teach about energy and sustainability � Start an environmental club � Get students involved � Develop support from students to help change habits � Reward students and staff for saving � Change behavior (can save about 10% of utility bills)

LEED for Schools � New / Existing Construction Sustainable Sites – Water Efficiency – Energy and Atmosphere – Materials and Resources – Indoor Environmental Quality – � Changes from NC v3 Site Master Plan – Joint use of facilities – Enhanced Acoustics – Mold Prevention – School as a teaching tool –

Illinois Green Schools Programs � Clean school bus program � Green Cleaning Schools Act � Illinois Sustainable School Compact � Energy Performance Contracting Program � Illinois Resource Guide for Healthy, High Performing School Buildings . � Neighborhood Schools & School Siting Grant Project

Funding Opportunities � DCEO (www.illinoisbiz.biz/dceo/bureaus/Energy _Recycling) Illinois Public Sector Electric Efficiency program – Recycling and Waste – Food Scrap Composting – Wind and Solar Rebates – New Construction – � Alternative Fuels Rebates (illinoisgreenfleets.org) � Clean Energy Community Foundation (illinoiscleanenergy.org) Solar Systems – Lighting Upgrades – Green Building Design and Commissioning – � From Department of Natural Resource (dnr.state.il.us/grants) Rain Gardens – Field Trips – � Database of State Incentives for Renewable Energy (dsireuse.org)

Other � Include the PTAs in Fundraising! – Lights for Learning – Cell phone/printer cartridge recycling � Student Summer Internships – Governor’s Environmental Corp – Illinois EPA Internships

To Apply for SEDAC Assistance � Call 1-800-214-7954 or, � Visit the SEDAC web site at www.sedac.org and download an application.