The Craft of Scientific Presentations [Feynman] developed into an accomplished and inspiring teacher and lecturer, who gave virtuoso performances full of showmanship, humor, with his own inimitable brilliance, style, and manner. Jagdish Mehra
Because presentations are expensive, one should consider whether a presentation is truly needed Cost in salaries of audience
Because presentations are expensive, one should consider whether a presentation is truly needed Cost in salaries of audience Cost in time for presentation
Because presentations are expensive, one should consider whether a presentation is truly needed Cost in salaries of audience Cost in time for presentation Cost in time to prepare presentation
Presentations have several advantages over documents Work can come alive Work for audience
Presentations have several advantages over documents Work can come alive Work for audience C A Presenter can read B audience and react D C
Presentations have several advantages over documents Work can come alive Work for audience C A Presenter can read B audience and react D C ? ? ! Presenter receives ! instant reaction
Presentations also have several disadvantages ? ? ? Speaker has limited chance to catch errors
Presentations also have several disadvantages ? ? ? Speaker has limited chance to catch errors audience Audience cannot has one reread text chance to hear
Presentations also have several disadvantages ? ? ? Speaker has limited chance to catch errors audience Audience cannot has one reread text chance to hear Audience cannot look up background material
Presentations can be viewed from three stylistic perspectives Structure and Visual Aids Speech Delivery Archives, Cal-Tech
You begin preparing a scientific presentation by analyzing your constraints audience purpose occasion
You begin preparing a scientific presentation by analyzing your constraints who are they? why are they here? what do they know? what biases do they have? audience purpose occasion
You begin preparing a scientific presentation by analyzing your constraints audience purpose occasion
You begin preparing a scientific presentation by analyzing your constraints audience to inform to persuade purpose occasion to inspire to teach
You begin preparing a scientific presentation by analyzing your constraints audience purpose occasion
You begin preparing a scientific presentation by analyzing your constraints audience formality purpose occasion size time
As with documents, the structure of presentations should have clear beginnings, middles, and ends B e E g n i d n Middle i n n i g n g
Beginnings prepare the audience for the work to be presented Defines work Work = A + B
Beginnings prepare the audience for the work to be presented Shows importance Defines work Work = A + B
Beginnings prepare the audience for the work to be presented Shows importance Defines work Work = A + B Gives background
Beginnings prepare the audience for the work to be presented Shows importance Defines work Work = A + B Maps presentation Gives background B C A D
The middle presents the work in a logical order pre-combustion methods combustion methods post-combustion methods
In the middle, you make smooth transitions between major points pre-combustion combustion methods methods
In the middle, you make smooth transitions between major points pre-combustion combustion methods methods combustion post-combustion methods methods
The ending summarizes main points and places those results in the context of the big picture point 5 point 1 point 6 point 2 point 7 point 3 point 8 point 4 point 1 point 7 Big Picture Summary
Presentations can be viewed from three stylistic perspectives Structure and Visual Aids Speech Delivery Archives, Cal-Tech
One type of visual aid that deserves reflection is the presentation slide
Audiences remember more when you use well-designed slides Hear See Hear and See 60 10 20 30 40 50 Recall (%)
Audiences remember more when you use well-designed slides Hear See Hear and See 60 10 20 30 40 50 Recall (%)
Audiences remember more when you use well-designed slides Hear See Hear and See 60 10 20 30 40 50 Recall (%)
Audiences remember more when you use well-designed slides Hear See Hear and See 60 10 20 30 40 50 Recall (%)
No matter what type of projection you use, you must make certain decisions What format to choose? Included What information to include? Excluded
Choose a format that is easily read Choose legible type Arial BOOK ANTIQUA Choose a helpful layout words words words words words words words words
Choose a format that is easily read Choose legible type Arial BOOK ANTIQUA Choose a helpful layout words words words words words words words words
Choose a format that is easily read Choose legible type Arial BOOK ANTIQUA Choose a helpful layout words words words words words words words words
Color can distinguish a presentation
Color affects how fast the audience can read
Color affects how fast the audience can read The color combination that is read most quickly is black on yellow.
Color affects how fast the audience can read
Color affects how fast the audience can read What is important is that the combination has contrast—the one on this slide fails to do so.
Color affects how fast the audience can read
Color affects how fast the audience can read Combinations of red, green, and brown are difficult for many people to read
Color affects the emotions of the audience
Color affects the emotions of the audience Avoid having a hot color such as red or orange as your background color.
Recommended here is a sentence-headline design that quickly orients the audience The sentence headline succinctly states Headline the main assertion of the slide Body supports with images Body turbine compressor Body supports with words combustor
Secondary flows enter the primary flow through film-cooling holes and dilution jets Combustor Simulator Turbine Vanes Secondary Flow Dilution Jet Primary Flow Secondary Flow Film-Cooling Holes
No matter what type of projection you use, you must make certain decisions What format to choose? Included What information to include? Excluded
Include slides that accent important details
Include slides that accent important details Neptune has three moons Images
Include slides that accent important details Neptune has three moons Images The world is warming 1988 Four warmest 1987 Results years of century 1983 1981
Include slides that show organization Mapping Beginning Title Middle 2 Middle 1 Middle Conclusion Ending
Methods to Reduce Sulfur Dioxide Emissions From Coal-Fueled Cynthia Schmidt Mechanical Engineering Department University of Texas
Three classes of methods exist for reducing emissions of sulfur dioxide pre-combustion methods combustion methods post-combustion methods
The most effective combustion method is an atmospheric fluidized bed cleaned exhaust 90% removal capability separator low capital cost—able to use in existing equipment high operating cost ability to use different grades of coal grid air inlet
In summary, by using these methods, coal utilities can greatly reduce SO 2 emissions coal cleaning 40% 40% coal switching 80% fluidized bed 90% absorption 95% adsorption 80% 25 50 75 Percentage Reduction of SO 2
In summary, by using these methods, coal utilities can greatly reduce SO 2 emissions coal cleaning 40% 40% coal switching 80% fluidized bed 90% absorption 95% adsorption 80% 25 50 75 Percentage Reduction of SO 2 Questions?
Exclude details that the audience does not need or cannot remember
Exclude details that the audience does not need or cannot remember Avoid filler information Roentgen discovered x-rays in 1895. He found that a cathode-ray tube produced fluorescence in a distant plati- num-barium-cyanide screen.
Exclude details that the audience does not need or cannot remember Avoid filler information Avoid long lists • Corrosion • Acid rain Roentgen discovered x-rays • Toxic materials in 1895. He found that a • Pulsed combustion cathode-ray tube produced • Energetic materials fluorescence in a distant plati- • Pyrogenic materials num-barium-cyanide screen. • Smog
Exclude details that the audience does not need or cannot remember Avoid filler information Avoid long lists • Corrosion • Acid rain Roentgen discovered x-rays • Toxic materials in 1895. He found that a • Pulsed combustion cathode-ray tube produced • Energetic materials fluorescence in a distant plati- • Pyrogenic materials num-barium-cyanide screen. • Smog Avoid complex images DEAR- ATOR HOT WELL RGF B A
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