The CLIC Linear Collider The CLIC Linear Collider Hans H. Braun / CERN Hans H. Braun / CERN � Introduction CLIC & CTF3 � Introduction CLIC & CTF3 � CTF3 status and achievements � CTF3 status and achievements � RF Structure tests � RF Structure tests � Future plans and selected open issues � Future plans and selected open issues � Conclusions � Conclusions Seminar, May 10, 2007
CLIC goal Develop technology for e - /e + linear collider with E CMS = 3 TeV CLIC physics motivation "Physics at the CLIC Multi-TeV Linear Collider : report of the CLIC Physics Working Group," CERN report 2004-5 Next CLIC milestone Demonstrate key feasibility issues by 2010
LHC LHC � Physics start-up 2008 � E CMS =14 TeV proton on proton � Very first physics analysis results from experiments expected for 2010 Descent of the last LHC magnet 26 April 2007
Protons are composite objects p p Only fraction ( ≈ 1/6) of total proton energy available for collision of constituents ⇒ A Lepton collider e- e+ needs E CMS ≥ 14 TeV / 6 = 2.3 TeV to cover the energy range of LHC
My simplistic view on the future of accelerator particle physics at the energy frontier LHC start-up LHC finds Forget accelerator no new physics particle physics yes Energy scale Build super- no > 0.5-1 TeV conducting ILC yes Build Multi TeV LC
BASIC FEATURES OF CLIC BASIC FEATURES OF CLIC • High acceleration gradient • High acceleration gradient (150 MV/m) • “Compact” collider - • “Compact” collider - 3 TeV with overall length < 50 km • Normal conducting accelerating structures • Normal conducting accelerating structures • High acceleration frequency • High acceleration frequency • Two-Beam Acceleration Scheme • Two-Beam Acceleration Scheme • Cost-effective & efficient • Cost-effective & efficient • Simple tunnel, no active elements • Simple tunnel, no active elements • Central injector complex • Central injector complex • “Modular” design, can be built in stages
CLIC TWO- -BEAM SCHEME BEAM SCHEME CLIC TWO Drive beam - High current - Low decelerating field QUAD POWER EXTRACTION AND QUAD TRANSFER STRUCTURE (=PETS) ACCELERATING CLIC TUNNEL CLIC TUNNEL RF STRUCTURES CROSS-SECTION CROSS-SECTION - Main beam – Low current - High accelerating field BPM 4.5 m diameter
Recent changes of key CLIC parameters Recent changes of key CLIC parameters 30 GHz ⇒ ⇒ 12 GHz Main Linac Linac RF frequency RF frequency 12 GHz Main 30 GHz 150 MV/m ⇒ ⇒ 100 MV/m Accelerating field 100 MV/m Accelerating field 150 MV/m ⇒ 48.3 km 33.6 km ⇒ Overall length @ E CMS Overall length @ E CMS = 3 = 3 TeV TeV 33.6 km 48.3 km Why ? Why ? Very promising results of earlier 30 GHz Molybdenum test structures (190 MV/m) res (190 MV/m) Very promising results of earlier 30 GHz Molybdenum test structu not reproduced for test conditions closer to LC requirements not reproduced for test conditions closer to LC requirements (i.e. long RF pulses, low breakdown rate, structures with HOM damping) (i.e. long RF pulses, low breakdown rate, structures with HOM da mping) Copper structure tests don’ ’t indicate advantage of frequencies>12 GHz t indicate advantage of frequencies>12 GHz Copper structure tests don for achievable gradient for achievable gradient Parametric cost model indicates substantial cost savings for 12 GHz/100 MV/m GHz/100 MV/m Parametric cost model indicates substantial cost savings for 12 (flat minimum for this parameter range) (flat minimum for this parameter range) Allows RF structure testing in existing SLAC and KEK facilities Allows RF structure testing in existing SLAC and KEK facilities Increase chance of feasibility demonstration by 2010 Increase chance of feasibility demonstration by 2010 100 MV/m is lowest permissible gradient for a 3 TeV TeV machine in Geneva region machine in Geneva region 100 MV/m is lowest permissible gradient for a 3
CLIC RF power source Drive Beam Accelerator Delay Loop x 2 efficient acceleration in n.c., low frequency, fully loaded linac gap creation, pulse compression & frequency multiplication RF Transverse Deflectors Combiner Ring x 3 pulse compression & Combiner Ring x 3 frequency multiplication pulse compression & frequency multiplication Drive Beam Decelerator Section (26 in total) Power Extraction Main Linac Drive beam time structure - final Drive beam time structure - initial 300 ns 300 ns 5.4 μ s 140 μ s train length - 52 sub-pulses of 200 bunches, 26 pulses – 95 A – 2.5 cm between bunches 5.3 A - 2.34 GeV - 45 cm between bunches
RF parameters CLIC compared with NLC CLIC NLC 12 GHz, 100 MV/m preliminary as for ILC-TRC 03 Loaded Accelerating Gradient MV/m 100 50 Frequency GHz 12 11.4 Structure iris aperture radius a/ λ 1 0.155-0.0852 0.21-0.148 Structure length mm 229 900 Structure input power MW 76 75 Pulse length ns 300 400 Bunch charge e 0 x10 9 5.2 7.5 Bunch separation rf cycles 8 16 Beam current A 1.25 0.86 RF to beam efficiency % 28.8 31.5 Rep. rate Hz 50 120 No. Klystrons per TeV 1 264 8256 Klystron frequency GHz 1.33 11.4 Klystron peak power MW 33 75 μ s Klystron RF pulse length 140 1.6 Average power per klystron kW 231 14.4
396 klystrons 396 klystrons 33 MW, 140 μ s 33 MW, 140 μ s combiner rings drive beam accelerator drive beam accelerator Circumferences 2.4 GeV, 1.33 GHz 2.4 GeV, 1.33 GHz delay loop 90 m CR1 180 m 1 km 1 km CR2 540 m delay delay CR2 loop CR2 loop CR1 CR1 decelerator, 26 sectors of 810 m BDS BDS BC2 BC2 2.70 km 2.70 km 245m 245m IP1 main linac , 12 GHz, 100 MV/m, 21.06 km e + main linac TA TA e - R=120m R=120m 48.250 km CLIC 3 TeV TeV CLIC 3 booster linac, 9 GeV, 3 GHz ? BC1 not to scale e - injector e + injector, 2.4 GeV 2.4 GeV e - DR e + DR 360m 360m
Main/Drive Beam Injectors and Experimental Area Layout
Motivation and Goals of CTF3 collaboration Motivation and Goals of CTF3 collaboration • Build a small Build a small- -scale version of the CLIC RF power source, in order to scale version of the CLIC RF power source, in order to • demonstrate: demonstrate: – High efficiency full beam loading High efficiency full beam loading accelerator operation accelerator operation – – electron beam electron beam pulse compression and frequency multiplication pulse compression and frequency multiplication – using RF deflectors using RF deflectors • Provide the • Provide the RF power RF power to test the CLIC accelerating structures and to test the CLIC accelerating structures and components components • Tool to demonstrate until 2010 CLIC feasibility issues Tool to demonstrate until 2010 CLIC feasibility issues • identified by ILC- -TRC in 2003 TRC in 2003 identified by ILC
ν b = 1.5 GHz I b 3.5 A CTF3 layout t 1120 ns X 2 Drive Beam Accelerator, 150 MeV Delay loop ν b = 3 GHz 42 m I b Drive Beam 7 A Injector t 140 ns 30 GHz High Gradient 8 Test stand x I B , X 4 8 Combiner Ring x 84 m n B Drive beam stability bench marking CLEX Decelerator Test Beam Line ν b = 12 GHz I b 28 A 12 GHz Two-Beam Test stand 200 MeV Probe Beam & Linac subunit Injector CLIC sub-unit t 140 ns
CTF3 build by a collaboration like a particle physics experiment commissioned with beam Thermionic Injector Linac SLAC/USA CERN IN2P3/France NWU/USA DL CR 2006 LNF/Italy LNF/Italy BINP/Russia CIEMAT/Spain F F F D D D F F F F D D D D F F F F D D D D F F F F D D D D F F F F D D D D F F F F D D D D F F F F D D D D F F F F D D D D F F F F D D D D D D F F D F D F F F F IN2P3/France D D D F F F D F D D F D D F D D F D D F D D F D F D F D F D F D F D F D D F D D F D D F D D F D D F D D F D D F D D F D D F D F F F F D D D D F F F F TL2 Photo injector / laser RRCAT/India 2008 CCLRC/UK 30 GHz production CLEX 2007-2009 (building in 2006) IN2P3/France (PETS line) CEA&IN2P3/France and test stand TSL/Sweden IAP/Russia CIEMAT+Uni. Valencia+Uni. Barcelona/Spain Ankara Univ./Turkey NCP/Pakistan Dubna
CTF3 collaboration Country Country Institute Institute official members 20 member states 20 member states CERN CERN Finland Helsinki Inst. of Physics Finland Helsinki Inst. of Physics DAPNIA DAPNIA France France LAL LAL LAPP LAPP BARC BARC India India RRCAT RRCAT Italy Italy LNF LNF Pakistan NCP Pakistan NCP BINP BINP Russia IAP Russia IAP JINR JINR CIEMAT CIEMAT collaboration board Spain Spain IFIC IFIC chairman UPC UPC M. Calvetti / LNF Sweden Sweden Uppsala University Uppsala University Switzerland PSI Switzerland PSI spokesperson Turkey Ankara Universities G. Geschonke / CERN Turkey Ankara Universities NWU NWU USA USA SLAC SLAC
Some impressions from CTF3 Some impressions from CTF3 Delay Loop Linac Beam up to here F F F D D D F F F F D D D D F F F F D D D D F F F F D D D D F F F F D D D D F F F F D D D D F F F F D D D D F F F F D D D D F F F F D D D D D D F F D F D F F F F D D D F F F D F D D F D D F D D F D D F D D F D F D F D F D F D F D F D D F D D F D D F D D F D D F D D F D D F D D F D D F D F F F F D D D D F F F F 30 GHz RF power testing Transfer Line TL1 and Combiner Ring
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