Terrorist & Violent Intruder Preparedness/Response - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Terrorist ¡& ¡Violent ¡Intruder ¡ Preparedness/Response ¡ Simplifying ¡Your ¡Response ¡Based ¡on ¡ A6acker ¡Objec<ve ¡Commonali<es ¡ ¡ www.intruderresponse.com

Vaughn Baker – Co-Founder Strategos International 20+ years L.E. experience (SWAT, Investigations, etc.) 1999-2002 – Deputy Dir. of Trng. – Surefire Institute Co-Founded Strategos International in June of 2002

Active Shooter & Intruder Response Solutions Strategos founded in 2002 as primarily L.E./MIL Tactical Training Company 2007 Recognized need to train civilians as they are “true first responders” & success vs. failure is most likely dependent on their proper response Trained over 60,000 school, healthcare, faith-based, workplace, L.E., military and government professionals in 15 countries Countries include U.S., Canada, Mexico, El Salvador, Nicaragua, Honduras, Colombia, Singapore, Japan, United Kingdom, France, Portugal, Germany, Italy, and Spain.

Solution Phases Training & consulting solutions Strategos provides fall into 3 categories that organizations should address: PREVENTION RESPONSE AFTER ACTION

COMMUNITY RESPONSE Philosophy Based on experience we determined in late 2009 that solutions presented should be a “community response” approach Defining “Community” - a group of people, and a feeling of fellowship with others, as a result of sharing common attitudes, interests, and goals.

COMMUNITY RESPONSE Philosophy These tragic events are community based events • Attacker is from the community • Victims are from the community • Responders are from community • SOLUTIONS must be “ community based! ”

COMMUNITY RESPONSE Philosophy (continued) “Community Response” should include: • “Professional First Responder” as well as the “TRUE FIRST RESPONDER” Defining Traditional “FIRST RESPONDER” - A person, such as a police officer, firefighter, or EMT, trained in emergency response procedures and prepared to move quickly to the scene of an emergency in progress

COMMUNITY RESPONSE Philosophy (continued) “Community Response” should include: • “Professional First Responder” as well as the “TRUE FIRST RESPONDER” Defining the “TRUE FIRST RESPONDER” – Those persons already ON SCENE when the incident begins that have proper training, mindset and DESIRE to do WHAT is needed WHEN it is needed to de-escalate the event to those that they are responsible for

COMMUNITY RESPONSE Philosophy (continued) “Community Response” should include: • Organization “TRUE FIRST RESPONDER” Personnel • “Professional First Responder” Personnel (L.E., Fire, EMS, etc.) • Community Groups (parents, employees, members) • What is a threat • When to report • How to report • Awareness/Indicators • Roles & Obligations in Reporting & Response

What is the Value of TIME? SUCCESS vs. FAILURE is most likely going to be up to the people on scene; NOT professional first responders

Active Shooter Statistics (2013 FBI Study) 160 Active Shooter Incidents from 2000-2013 (14-15 per year avg.) 11.4 per year avg. – 6.4 first 7 years increasing to 16.4 avg. last 7 years 69% ending in 5 min. or less / 14% ending in 2 min. or less 56% ended on shooters initiative – stopped or committed suicide 15.6% fled the scene prior to police arrival 21 incidents “unarmed” citizens restrained shooter 5 incidents armed, non-LE personnel exchanged gunfire with attacker

Active Shooter Statistics (2013 FBI Study) 2 incidents armed, off-duty LE engaged the shooters resulting in attackers death 10.6% (17) Attacker committed suicide after arrival of L.E. 28% (45) police and attacker exchange gunfire Attack Locations • 45.6% - Commerce/Workplace – Open to public • 24.4% - Education/Academic • 10% - Government Facilities • 9.4% - Open Space • 4.4% - Residencdes • 3.8% - Faith Based • 2.5% - Healthcare

Active Shooter Statistics (2013 FBI Study) 160 Active Shooter Incidents from 2000-2013 (14-15 per year avg.) 97.3% Male – 6 of the incidents were female attackers All but 2 incidents involved a single attacker Highest Casualty Counts • Aurora, CO Movie Theater – 70 casualties - 12 killed, 58 wounded • Virginia Tech – 49 Casualties – 32 killed, 17 wounded • Ft. Hood 2009 – 45 Casualties – 13 killed, 32 wounded • Sandy Hook – 29 Casualties – 27 killed, 2 wounded

Terrorism - Domestic/International – FBI Definition • (1) ¡Involve ¡violent ¡acts ¡or ¡acts ¡dangerous ¡to ¡human ¡life ¡that ¡ violate ¡federal ¡or ¡state ¡law; ¡(2) ¡Appear ¡to ¡be ¡intended ¡to ¡ in<midate ¡or ¡coerce ¡a ¡civilian ¡popula<on ¡ Active Shooter – DHS Definition • "an ¡individual ¡ac+vely ¡engaged ¡in ¡killing ¡or ¡a2emp+ng ¡to ¡kill ¡ people ¡in ¡a ¡confined ¡and ¡populated ¡area; ¡in ¡most ¡cases, ¡ ac6ve ¡ shooters ¡use ¡firearm[s] ¡and ¡there ¡is ¡no ¡pa2ern ¡or ¡method ¡to ¡ their ¡selec+on ¡of ¡vic+ms.” ¡ • ¡ ¡ Recent ¡trend ¡towards ¡shooter ¡becoming ¡mobile ¡and ¡not ¡in ¡ one ¡specific ¡confined ¡area ¡– ¡Navy ¡Yard ¡Shooter, ¡Univ. ¡of ¡ California-­‑Santa ¡Barbara ¡Shooter, ¡ ¡

Overview of Terrorism Incidents 2008 MUMBAI ATTACKS • 12 coordinated shooting & bombing attacks lasting 4 days • 164 killed, 308 wounded • 10 well trained terrorists conducted attack • Attacks were committed by 2 or 3 attackers

Overview of Terrorism Incidents 2013 Kenya Westgate Mall Attacks • 67 killed, 175 wounded • 4 trained terrorists conducted attack w/ AK 47’s and explosives • Siege last 48 hours

Overview of Terrorism Incidents 2015 Charlie Hebdo Attack • 12 killed, 11 wounded in initial attack – 5 others killed and 11 more wounded in related attacks in following 72 hours • 2 trained terrorists conducted attack w/ rifles, explosives & RPG forced coerced access/entry

Attacker Objective Commonalities Target Selection • Victim Specific Motivation – However do engage targets of opportunity as well • Target Accessibility • Victim Types at Location Shock the Conscious (kids, foreigners, etc.) • Location naturally confines victims & delays LE response (Oslo Norway)

Attacker Objective Commonalities “God” Complex • Active Shooter - VA Tech, UC Santa Barbara, Columbine • Terrorist – “Hand of God” Actions Pre-Planning • Terrorists – Dry Run Probing • Active Shooters – Kill lists, IED testing, • Mass casualties in compressed time frames

Attacker Objective Commonalities Social Media Communication • Prior to the Act – Veiled communication Death Acceptance • Active Shooter - DOES NOT plan escape strategy • Terrorist – Considers death “martyrdom”

Attacker Objective Commonalities Set the New Record • Body County • Type of Death • Who is targeted shocks the conscious Media Hungry • Active Shooter - Wants to be remembered – Columbine “Basement Tapes”, VA Tech NBC Video Manifesto, UC Santa Barbara You Tube Posting • Terrorist – Utilizes social media and and video sent to media outlets to claim responsibility & justify actions as well as recruiting tool

Attacker Objective Commonalities Access Denial Strategies Cause Attacker to Move On • Why? Generally DO NOT Take Hostages No empathy for victims Generally kill up close – Want to share personal space of victim at time of death

Other Commonalities ACTIVE SHOOTER & Terrorist • Not motivated by revenge alone because many times the act is random in nature and not “damage to persons for damage done to them” or as simply acting out on their perceived ideology • Does not seek retribution on specific wrong or people who have done him wrong • Instead SEEKS: 1. Destruction of ANY and ALL 2. Notoriety 3. Infamy through slaughter 4. A moment in time vs. lifetime of moments

The PSYCHOLOGY of the ACTIVE SHOOTER • A lot of research attempting to IDENTIFY the patterns of the ACTIVE Shooter • Not a lot of research on the ‘WHY” they do what they do 1. Such a planned “scale of violence” 2. Apparent “randomness of violence” 3. The “active killer’s” propensity of commit suicide as the “escape strategy” • A lot of research attempting to identify the patterns of the ACTIVE SHOOTER

The PSYCHOLOGY of the ACTIVE SHOOTER • Active Shooter’s WORLDVIEW 1. VICTIM 2. VICTIMIZER • Seeks to transition from VICTIM to the VICTIMIZER category • Cultural forces lead the Active Killer to believe that mass murder is a path to celebrity wanting to be remembered as a VICTIMIZER not a VICTIM • Those acting like VICTIMS will be perceived and treated as such by the VICTIMIZER

RESPONSE Implications for FIRST RESPONDER • Active Shooter DOES NOT negotiate … .he VICTIMIZES • Active Shooter DOES NOT lie in wait to battle law enforcement- Only one LEO has been killed responding to Active Shooter incidents and very few have been injured • Even when UNARMED citizens resist and FIGHT BACK the Active Shooter frequently retreats and crumbles • Active Shooter incidents have primarily been aborted by a single courageous actor 1. 50% UNARMED citizens 2. 25% armed citizens 3. Remainder have been Law Enforcement