Sustainable resource management beyond efficiency approach Satoshi - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

1 Asia and Europe crossing paths on the way to COP21 Round Table 3: Resource Management Sustainable resource management beyond efficiency approach Satoshi Kojima Principal Researcher Institute for Global Environmental Strategies (IGES) Conference on Energy and Climate Change 29-30 September 2015, Paris

2 Need of global convergence in resource use level % of world total consumption Over-consumption Over-consumption  300 million obese in medical sense of the rich Richer her 20%  Average US citizen consumes 575ℓ of water and 88kg of resources per day 76. 76.6% 76.6 ％ 76. Middle c class 21.9% 21. 9% 21.9 21.9 ％ Poore rer 2 r 20% 1.5 ％ Under-consumption  10 million people die from hunger every year  1.8 billion use less than 20ℓ per day Source ： World Development Indicator 2008 2

3 The case of water USA Over-consumption Japan of the rich France UK Brazil India Bangladesh China Cambodia Mozambique Source ： UNDP: Human Development Report 2006 Beef Virtual water trade (e.g. ) 15,500  /kg of beef 3

4 Can we decouple prosperity and resource use? Trends in happiness and real GDP per capita in Japan (Year 2011=1) (Year 1960=1) 1.2 6 1 5 0.8 4 Happiness 76.6 ％ 3 0.6 real GDP Happiness 2 0.4 per capita real GDP per capita 1 0.2 21.9 ％ 21. 0 0 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2010 2000 1990 1980 1970 1960 Source: Happiness: Veenhoven, R., World Database of Happiness (http://worlddatabaseofhappiness.eur.nl), GDP ： World Development Indicator 2012 Some part of consumption may be “pseudo-satisfier” or “inhibiting satisfier” of the fundamental needs. 4

5 Growth dependence High correlation between GDP growth and unemployment reduction in Japan 8 1.2% Over-consumption of the rich 6 0.9% Unemployment reduction rate [% 4 0.6% Real GDP growth rate [%] 2 0.3% 0 0.0% point] -2 -0.3% -4 -0.6% -6 -0.9% -8 -1.2% Real GDP growth since a year ago -10 -1.5% Unemployment reduction since a year ago -12 -1.8% 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015 5

6 What shall we do?  Need to establish “green economy model” such that everyone can enjoy decent quality of life without Over-consumption violating sustainability conditions. of the rich  Rich advantaged countries must address overconsumption not only for equity reason but also; To improve their own quality of life,  To allow more resource for poor countries, and  To enable poor counties to leap-frog (should not  be “jump to death”!).  Re-examine the relationship between resource use and needs satisfaction. Identify “unnecessary” and/or “undesirable” consumption.  Seek the way to transform economic and social system free from “GDP growth dependency”. 6