Surveying for Building Construction Prof. Mrs. C. Jayasinghe - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Surveying for Building Construction Prof. Mrs. C. Jayasinghe Senior Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, University of Moratuwa

Surveying • Surveying supports all construction activities and infrastructure engineering in urban and rural environments. • Mapping and monitoring the natural environment • The services of professional surveyors include; defining land boundaries, engineering and mining surveying, offshore surveys, digital mapping, precise positioning and property development • Registered surveyors are the only professionals who can redefine land boundaries

Key factors in building construction • Effective and efficient use of land • Developing an efficient Master Plan for the site • Good drainage properties • Aesthetics • Structural Engineering aspects • Efficient cost structure for the construction Eg: Stepped Construction for sloping ground • Landscape design and creating a better micro climate around the building • Functional building

What is a ‘Development Activity’ • Parcelling or sub-division of any land • Erection / re-erection of structures • Carrying out of buildings, engineering and other operations – on, over or under such land • Change in use of any land or structure is used at present (This does not affect agriculture or horticultural activities)

Land sub division N Main access road 10m 16m 11m 13m 1.5m 9m 6m 110m 9m 1.5m strip for trees Secondary Access Road

Pla lanning & Bu Building Reg egulations

Land Sub Div ivision and Amalg lgamation Plot Size Road Frontage Open Space

Acc ccessibility Access Turning Circle Splaying of Street Corners

Development of a Master Plan • Accurate ground profile • A contour survey • Cut and fill volumes to be identified • Drainage paths to be established

The he si site was de develo loped with with a water bo body ba based on n the he gr grou ound pr profil ofile ide dentif ifie ied

Silt traps to prevent silting of water ways and drains

Storm water quality and quantity control with a cascading system

A A gr green fact actory de designed to o suit suit the gr ground pr profil ile

A A fac actory bui building wit ith a a water bod body to o ha have a a be better su surroundings

Tiered houses on undulating ground

Tiered houses on sloping ground

Retaining wall to maintain slope stability

Build ilding Regulations on Plo lot Usage Plot Coverage Floor Area Ratio

Build ilding Category ry and Heights Building Category Building Heights

Open Space Ar Around th the Build ilding Front Space Rear Space Side Space

Regulations In Inside The Build ilding Internal Heights Natural Light and Ventilation Floor Area & Internal Dimensions Staircase

Form C 1 - Planning & Building Regulations City of Colombo (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) Row No. Minimum land Extent (sq.m.) Minimum width between Minimum width of Maximum building lines of a Public private Street/ Road Permissible FAR Street/ Road 1 150 less than 250 - 3.0 1:1.5 2 150 less than 250 - 4.5 1:1.75 3 150 less than 250 - 6.0 1:2.0 4 150 less than 250 - 9.0 1:2.5 5 150 less than 250 12.2 12.2 1:3.0 6 250 less than 400 12.2 6.0 1:3.5 7 400 less than 500 12.2 9.0 1:4.5 8 500 less than 700 12.2 9.0 1:5.0 9 500 less than 700 15.0 12.2 1:5.5 10 700 less than 900 15.0 12.2 1:6.0 11 900 less than 1000 15.0 12.2 1:7.0 12 900 less than 1000 22.0 12.2 1:7.5 13 1000 less than 1500 22.0 12.2 1:8.0 14 1500 less than 2000 22.0 12.2 1:9.0 15 1500 less than 2000 24.0 12.2 1:9.5 16 2000 less than 2500 24.0 12.2 1:10.0 17 2500 less than 3000 24.0 12.2 1:12.0 18 3000 and above 24.0 12.2 Unlimited

Form ‘C 2’ (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) Building Maximum No. of Minimum site Maximum Plot Open Space Around the Building Category floors including frontage (m) Coverage (5.1) (5.2) (5.3) Ground Floor (%) Minimum Minimum on Minimum Rear Space (m) one Side space on each Space (m) side (m) Ground Floor 6.0 65 2.3 - - 2 6.0 65 2.3 - - 3 6.0 65 3.0 - - 4 6.0 65 3.0 - - Inter mediate 5 8.0 65 3.0 2.0 - Rise 6 10.0 65 4.0 2.0 - 7 14.0 65 4.0 3.0 - 8 16.0 65 4.0 3.0 - Middle Rise 9 22.0 65 5.0 - 2.0 10 26.0 65 5.0 - 3.0 11 30.0 65 5.0 - 3.0 12 30.0 65 5.0 - 3.0 High Rise 13 35.0 50 6.0 - 4.0 14 35.0 50 6.0 - 4.0 15-20 40.0 50 6.0 - 6.0 21 & Above 40.0 50 6.0 - 6.0

SJK, Kaduwela, Maharagama, Homagama

Strategies For Traffic & Transportation Street lines & building lines • 63% of the roads – No street lines • Narrow Roads Approved building applicatons (1999- 2006) – Arethusa Lane No.of No.of No.of floors Buildings Housing Units 4 2 11 5 - - 6 4 70 7 4 83 8 2 52 Total 12 216

Qualified Person (Q (QP) Charted Engineer Town Planner Charted Architect Licensed Surveyor

Dut Dutie ies of of Qualif ualifie ied Per erson on (QP (QP)  Submit correct & clear information on plans  Certify the plans ensuring that plans are inconformity with the prevailing regulations  Submit to the LA to obtain approval  Supervise all building works & other development activities  Submit progress reports to the Authority  Prior to request of COC certify the plan

Important points • All building designs should comply with the survey plans and data to function as proper indoor spaces. • All relevant hi-tech tools such as GPS, laser scanners, mapping drones can be used to create 3D models of the ground and natural environment.

Land surveyor A land surveyor, also known as a geomatics surveyor, creates site plans for construction and civil engineering projects by collecting data and mapping the shape of the land. They can work on a variety of different projects including bridges, tunnels, roads, mining and quarrying among others. Some of the work they are responsible for includes: • Geomatics – gathering, storing, processing and delivering geographic information • Feasibility studies – carrying our surveys and assessments on potential construction sites • Geomechanics – monitoring land movement and subsidence caused naturally or during the construction process • Geospatial measurement – charting exact co-ordinates of site features using GPS and surveying instruments, mapping land use with satellite photography and producing digital images of sites

Wha hat ar are e the the Different Types of of Sur urveying in Con onstructio ion The history of surveying in construction goes back thousands of years. It’s an essential part of any construction project and as a result there are many different types of surveying that exist in the construction industry today. • Land surveyor • Building surveyor • Technical surveyor • Planning and developing surveyor

Bui uild ldin ing sur surveyor • Building surveyors advise clients about the design and construction of new buildings. • They need to have good communication and problem solving skills . Some of the work involved includes: • make sure that properties meet building regulations and fire safety accessibility standards • Dealing with planning applications • Surveying properties to identify structural faults and making recommendations for repairs

Tec echnical sur surveyor Technical surveyors carry out various tasks, most of them in support of architects, chartered surveyors and engineers. Their duties include: • Draughting plans using computer software • Helping with environmental impact assessments • Supervising construction operatives at site

Pla lannin ing an and de development sur surveyor A planning and development surveyor’s main role is to assess, design and manage development projects. • These projects can be varied and a planning and development surveyor would be involved in every stage of the project from initial site assessments to the completion of the entire project. • The role of a planning and development surveyor would include: • Assessing whether plans are workable • Assisting on planning applications