Structure, Function, & Information Processing Classwork and - PDF document

Slide 1 / 56 Slide 2 / 56 Structure, Function, & Information Processing Classwork and Homework www.njctl.org Slide 3 / 56 Classwork #1: The Fundamental Units of Life

Slide 4 / 56 1 Using the four characteristics of living things, explain whether plants are living things or not. Slide 5 / 56 2 Cells are microscopic. What does this mean? Slide 6 / 56 3 Are you an organism? Explain how you know.

Slide 7 / 56 4 Are rocks living or nonliving? Justify your answer using the cell theory. A Living B Nonliving Slide 8 / 56 5 Bacteria are each composed of one cell that does not have a membrane-bound organelle. What two terms characterize bacteria? Slide 9 / 56 Homework: The Fundamental Units of Life

Slide 10 / 56 6 Where are cells found? Provide two examples of where cells are found. Slide 11 / 56 7 Explain whether each of the following statements is correct or incorrect using the cell theory: A Even very simple organisms, like bacteria are composed of cells. B The basic building blocks of a starfish are its spine, which give it its unique shape. C When you heal from a cut, new skin cells are created from existing cells. Slide 12 / 56 8 Are leaves living or nonliving? Justify your answer using the cell theory. A Living B Nonliving

Slide 13 / 56 9 Explain the difference between unicellular and multicellular organisms. Give an example of each. Slide 14 / 56 10 Describe the differences between prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Slide 15 / 56 Classwork #2: Cell Structure and Function

Slide 16 / 56 11 The liver is an organ that is responsible for detoxification. This means that it breaks down toxins in the body. Explain which organelle is important for the function of the liver. Slide 17 / 56 12 Proteins are important molecules in the body. Some proteins help to speed up reactions; others aid in DNA replication; still others are a source of structure, such as hair and nails. Name three organelles that work with proteins in the cell. Slide 18 / 56 13 The leaves of an oak tree and a rabbit’s fur are both part of living organisms. They are both multicellular and eukaryotic. Despite these similarities, however, there are also some differences between the two. Name three things that would be found in cells of an oak tree leaf but not in the cells of rabbit’s fur? What accounts for these differences?

Slide 19 / 56 Homework: Cell Structure and Function Slide 20 / 56 Fill out the chart by describing each function and noting in what type of cell the structure is found. Structure Function Animal Cell Plant Cell Cell membrane Cytosol Nucleus Ribosomes Endoplasmic Reticulum Golgi apparatus Lysosomes Mitochondria Cell wall Vacuoles Chloroplasts Slide 21 / 56 Classwork #3: Cell Structure and Function

Slide 22 / 56 Each of the following statements is an example of a type of tissue. Label each statement with the type of tissue described. Slide 23 / 56 14 __________________ Our skin cells form tissue that protect our bodies from injury and infection. Slide 24 / 56 15 __________________ When you put your hand on a hot stove, this type of tissue communicates with your brain and makes you quickly jerk your hand away.

Slide 25 / 56 16 __________________ The walls of the small intestine move food through the digestive system. Slide 26 / 56 17 __________________ The pancreas is an example of an endocrine gland. This gland secretes insulin, a hormone that helps to regulate sugar in the blood. Slide 27 / 56 18 __________________ Adipose cells compose this type of tissue that stores fat.

Slide 28 / 56 19 __________________ The heart pumps blood throughout the body and is composed of this type of tissue. Slide 29 / 56 20 __________________ The Achilles tendon attaches the calf muscles to the heel bone. Slide 30 / 56 21 __________________ The tissue of the brain controls various functions, such as breathing.

Slide 31 / 56 Fill out the flowchart with the correct order of organization in the body, from smallest to largest. Define each level and include at least two examples of each. Use the following terms: tissue, organism, organ system, cell, organ. Slide 32 / 56 Homework: Cell Structure and Function Slide 33 / 56 Each of the following statements describes a component of an organ system. Label each statement with the type of system described.

Slide 34 / 56 22 _________________ When food is digested in the small intestine, nutrients pass into blood vessels, called capillaries, in the lining of the intestine. The capillaries transport the nutrients to other cells in the body. Slide 35 / 56 23 __________________ The human rib cage consists of 24 ribs. One of the functions of the rib cage is to protect the heart. Slide 36 / 56 24 __________________ The gallbladder is a small organ located below the liver. It releases bile, a substance that helps to digest fats.

Slide 37 / 56 25 __________________ Oxygen from the lungs is transported to oxygen-poor cells via the arteries. Slide 38 / 56 26 __________________ The transverse abdominals are muscles that wrap around the waist and pull the body in and upwards. These muscles are important for good posture. Slide 39 / 56 27 __________________ Alveoli are little sacs in the lungs where gas exchange occurs. On average, the human lungs contains 700 million alveoli.

Slide 40 / 56 28 _________________ The esophagus is a hollow tube that transports food from the pharynx to the stomach. Slide 41 / 56 29 __________________ When playing soccer, the iliotibial band and the adductor leg muscles are essential for kicking and jumping. Slide 42 / 56 30 __________________ Bone marrow is located in the middle of the bones and is the site of red blood cell production.

Slide 43 / 56 31 __________________ The trachea is a hollow tube that brings oxygen into the lungs. Slide 44 / 56 Classwork #4: Information Processing in Living Systems Slide 45 / 56 32 Why are sensory receptors important?

Slide 46 / 56 33 Describe the two parts of the nervous system. Slide 47 / 56 34 Sunlight shines in your window and wakes you up early Saturday morning. What type of stimulus is this and why? Slide 48 / 56 35 What makes a reflex different from other stimuli?

Slide 49 / 56 36 You walk into the kitchen in the evening and smell food in the oven. A moment later, you start to salivate. Identify the sensory input, integration, and motor output components of this reaction. Slide 50 / 56 Homework: Information Processing in Living Systems Slide 51 / 56 37 Bundles of nerve cells that relay information from your fingers to your spinal cord would be part of which component of the nervous system?

Slide 52 / 56 38 Where in the body is sensory information integrated? Slide 53 / 56 39 Upon hearing a sudden, loud noise, you instantaneously startle. What type of stimulus is this and why? Slide 54 / 56 40 A toddler falls down and scrapes his knee, causing him to curl into a ball and to start crying. What type of stimulus is this and why?

Slide 55 / 56 41 What are the three steps describing how the nervous system functions? Slide 56 / 56 42 Describe an everyday example of the three steps involved in the function of the nervous system.