Slide 1 / 56 Slide 2 / 56 Structure, Function, & Information Processing Classwork and Homework www.njctl.org Slide 3 / 56 Slide 4 / 56 1 Using the four characteristics of living things, explain whether plants are living things or not. Classwork #1: The Fundamental Units of Life Slide 5 / 56 Slide 6 / 56 2 Cells are microscopic. What does this mean? 3 Are you an organism? Explain how you know.
Slide 7 / 56 Slide 8 / 56 4 Are rocks living or nonliving? Justify your answer 5 Bacteria are each composed of one cell that does using the cell theory. not have a membrane-bound organelle. What two terms characterize bacteria? A Living B Nonliving Slide 9 / 56 Slide 10 / 56 6 Where are cells found? Provide two examples of where cells are found. Homework: The Fundamental Units of Life Slide 11 / 56 Slide 12 / 56 7 Explain whether each of the following statements 8 Are leaves living or nonliving? Justify your is correct or incorrect using the cell theory: answer using the cell theory. A Living A Even very simple organisms, like bacteria are composed of cells. B Nonliving B The basic building blocks of a starfish are its spine, which give it its unique shape. C When you heal from a cut, new skin cells are created from existing cells.
Slide 13 / 56 Slide 14 / 56 9 Explain the difference between unicellular and 10 Describe the differences between prokaryotes and multicellular organisms. Give an example of each. eukaryotes. Slide 15 / 56 Slide 16 / 56 11 The liver is an organ that is responsible for detoxification. This means that it breaks down toxins in the body. Explain which organelle is important for the function of the liver. Classwork #2: Cell Structure and Function Slide 17 / 56 Slide 18 / 56 13 The leaves of an oak tree and a rabbit’s fur are 12 Proteins are important molecules in the body. Some proteins help to speed up reactions; others both part of living organisms. They are both aid in DNA replication; still others are a source of multicellular and eukaryotic. Despite these structure, such as hair and nails. Name three organelles that work with proteins in the cell. similarities, however, there are also some differences between the two. Name three things that would be found in cells of an oak tree leaf but not in the cells of rabbit’s fur? What accounts for these differences?
Slide 19 / 56 Slide 20 / 56 Fill out the chart by describing each function and noting in what type of cell the structure is found. Structure Function Animal Cell Plant Cell Homework: Cell Structure and Function Cell membrane Cytosol Nucleus Ribosomes Endoplasmic Reticulum Golgi apparatus Lysosomes Mitochondria Cell wall Vacuoles Chloroplasts Slide 21 / 56 Slide 22 / 56 Each of the following statements is an example of a type of tissue. Label each statement with the type of Classwork #3: Cell Structure and Function tissue described. Slide 23 / 56 Slide 24 / 56 14 __________________ Our skin cells form tissue 15 __________________ When you put your hand on that protect our bodies from injury and infection. a hot stove, this type of tissue communicates with your brain and makes you quickly jerk your hand away.
Slide 25 / 56 Slide 26 / 56 16 __________________ The walls of the small 17 __________________ The pancreas is an example intestine move food through the digestive system. of an endocrine gland. This gland secretes insulin, a hormone that helps to regulate sugar in the blood. Slide 27 / 56 Slide 28 / 56 18 __________________ Adipose cells compose this 19 __________________ The heart pumps blood type of tissue that stores fat. throughout the body and is composed of this type of tissue. Slide 29 / 56 Slide 30 / 56 20 __________________ The Achilles tendon 21 __________________ The tissue of the brain attaches the calf muscles to the heel bone. controls various functions, such as breathing.
Slide 31 / 56 Slide 32 / 56 Fill out the flowchart with the correct order of organization in the body, from smallest to largest. Define each level and include at least two examples of each. Use the following terms: tissue, organism, organ system, cell, organ. Homework: Cell Structure and Function Slide 33 / 56 Slide 34 / 56 22 _________________ When food is digested in the small intestine, nutrients pass into blood vessels, called capillaries, in the lining of the intestine. The capillaries transport the nutrients to other cells in Each of the following statements describes a the body. component of an organ system. Label each statement with the type of system described. Slide 35 / 56 Slide 36 / 56 23 __________________ The human rib cage 24 __________________ The gallbladder is a small consists of 24 ribs. One of the functions of the rib organ located below the liver. It releases bile, a cage is to protect the heart. substance that helps to digest fats.
Slide 37 / 56 Slide 38 / 56 25 __________________ Oxygen from the lungs is 26 __________________ The transverse abdominals transported to oxygen-poor cells via the arteries. are muscles that wrap around the waist and pull the body in and upwards. These muscles are important for good posture. Slide 39 / 56 Slide 40 / 56 27 __________________ Alveoli are little sacs in the 28 _________________ The esophagus is a hollow lungs where gas exchange occurs. On average, tube that transports food from the pharynx to the the human lungs contains 700 million alveoli. stomach. Slide 41 / 56 Slide 42 / 56 29 __________________ When playing soccer, the 30 __________________ Bone marrow is located in iliotibial band and the adductor leg muscles are the middle of the bones and is the site of red blood essential for kicking and jumping. cell production.
Slide 43 / 56 Slide 44 / 56 31 __________________ The trachea is a hollow tube that brings oxygen into the lungs. Classwork #4: Information Processing in Living Systems Slide 45 / 56 Slide 46 / 56 32 Why are sensory receptors important? 33 Describe the two parts of the nervous system. Slide 47 / 56 Slide 48 / 56 34 Sunlight shines in your window and wakes you up 35 What makes a reflex different from other stimuli? early Saturday morning. What type of stimulus is this and why?
Slide 49 / 56 Slide 50 / 56 36 You walk into the kitchen in the evening and smell food in the oven. A moment later, you start to salivate. Identify the sensory input, integration, and motor output components of this reaction. Homework: Information Processing in Living Systems Slide 51 / 56 Slide 52 / 56 37 Bundles of nerve cells that relay information from 38 Where in the body is sensory information your fingers to your spinal cord would be part of integrated? which component of the nervous system? Slide 53 / 56 Slide 54 / 56 39 Upon hearing a sudden, loud noise, you 40 A toddler falls down and scrapes his knee, instantaneously startle. What type of stimulus is causing him to curl into a ball and to start crying. this and why? What type of stimulus is this and why?
Slide 55 / 56 Slide 56 / 56 41 What are the three steps describing how the 42 Describe an everyday example of the three steps nervous system functions? involved in the function of the nervous system.
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