11/23/2020 Am e riC o rp s VISTA Sponsor Me e ting No ve mb e r 18, 2020 1 1 Age nda • We lc o me a nd I ntro duc tio ns • VI ST A Dire c to r Re ma rks • VI ST A Upda te s • Na tio na l Se rvic e Pro g ra ms, Co mmunity We ll-Be ing , Vo lunte e rs, a nd Do na tio ns: A Re vie w o f T wo Studie s • Gue st spe a ke r: Dr. Pa me la Pa xto n • Q&A • We b ina r E va lua tio n • Clo sing Re ma rks 2 2 1
11/23/2020 T e c h Che c k T he Cha t will b e mo nito re d T he re c o rding a nd Ac c e ss the a udio thro ug h thro ug ho ut o ur the c o mpute r o r o n the slide s will b e me e ting ; ple a se pho ne : 669-254-5252 o r po ste d o n the te st it no w with a 646-828-7666, me e ting I D VI ST A Ca mpus in sho rt g re e ting . 161 500 0017, pa ssc o de the ne xt we e k. 279870 3 3 Welcome! 4 4 2
11/23/2020 VIST A Dire c tor Update s • ��� �� � �� �� �� � �� � • ���� � ������ � ���� � ��� � � �� • �� �� � ��� ��� �� ���� ������ • ���� � �� � � ��� � � ������� 5 5 Ame r iCor ps VIST A F Y2021 Budge t 1. Curre ntly, Ame riCo rps do e s no t ha ve a full ye a r b udg e t. We a re o pe ra ting unde r a Co ntinuing Re so lutio n until De c e mb e r 11, 2020. 2. Due to e c o no mic stre ss, so me spo nso rs a re una b le to suppo rt Co st Sha re me mb e rs. 3. T he VI ST A L iving Allo wa nc e wa s sig nific a ntly inc re a se d fo r F Y2021. 4. T o he lp spo nso rs, VI ST A inc re a se d funds fo r Suppo rt Gra nts. 5. Mo re VI ST A me mb e rs a re c ho o sing the e nd o f ye a r stipe nd inste a d o f the e duc a tio n a wa rd. T he e nd o f ye a r stipe nd is funde d fro m VI ST A’ s b udg e t; the e duc a tio n a wa rd ha s a diffe re nt funding stre a m. 6 6 3
11/23/2020 Dr. Pame la Paxton Dr. Pa xto n is the L inda K . Ge o rg e a nd Jo hn Wilso n Pro fe sso r o f So c io lo g y a t T he Unive rsity o f T e xa s a t Austin. 7 7 National Service Programs, Community Well-Being, Volunteers, and Donations A Review of Two Studies Pamela Paxton, Kristopher Velasco, Andrew Messamore, Robert Ressler 8 4
11/23/2020 Study 1: Background The Issue: What We Know and Don’t Know • Do national service programs have an impact? • AmeriCorps/VISTA members help provide services • AmeriCorps/VISTA members help themselves over the life course as a result of their service • But do national service programs also affect the community ? • Our research: Do national service programs improve community well-being? 9 Research Design: How can we answer the question? • How do we define community? Community = County • National Service: Presence of AmeriCorps programs • Overall / AmeriCorps State / AmeriCorps National /AmeriCorps VISTA / AmeriCorps “Other” (Promise Fellows, Tribal, etc.) 10 5
11/23/2020 Research Design: How can we answer the question? • Third, how do we define community well-being? • Subjective well-being • Increasing interest • Example: Healthy People 2020, Gross Domestic Happiness • Typically measured via surveys 11 Research Design: How can we answer the question? • How do we measure subjective well-being? • Data source: Twitter • 1) Engagement; 2) Disengagement; 3) Positive Relations; 4) Negative Relations; 5) Positive Emotions; 6) Negative Emotions • Disengagement Words/Total Words Tweeted 12 6
11/23/2020 Using Twitter to Measure Subjective Well-Being Dictionary Top Words Example Tweets* Engagement Learn Alive " I'm properly learning Chinese from a babys Interesting Interested program called Ni Hao, Kai Lan! Ha," - Awake Learning November 9, 2009 "A weekend full of flying, crashing, chatting with flier friends (some super folks) rain winds storm…total excitement…felt so alive, " September 15, 2010 Disengagement Meh Lazy "Listening to the game on my phone because I can't Tired Blah seem to get myself out of bed to go watch. meh ," Bored Sleepy July 9, 2010 "I'm so bored …literally nothing to do in this town," August 14, 2010 13 Research Design: How can we answer the question? • How do we connect these? Subjective AmeriCorps Well-Being • Linear regression • Shows association • Allows for broad overview • Results? Significant effects! 14 7
11/23/2020 Research Design: How can we answer the question? What could be wrong about these results? 1. Counties with AmeriCorps programs may be different than those that do not receive such programs 2. Counties with greater levels of subjective well-being can better attract AmeriCorps 15 Research Design: How can we answer the question? Addressing these concerns: 1. Control variables: Income, racial/ethnic diversity, education level, rurality, age, state fixed effects. 2. Add in a second wave of data: Wave 1: 2006-2009; Wave 2: 2010-2013 • Consider reverse effects AmeriCorps 1 AmeriCorps 2 Subjective Subjective Well-Being 1 Well-Being 2 16 8
11/23/2020 Results Engagement Disengagement Overall + - Programs AmeriCorps - National AmeriCorps - State AmeriCorps + - VISTA AmeriCorps - Other • Note: small effect sizes 17 Takeaways • AmeriCorps programs help improve community subjective well-being • Largely through the buffering against negative aspects • VISTA has positive effect on engagement • The reverse effects suggests that when considering applications, AmeriCorps should pay particular attention to “quiet” or atypical communities 18 9
11/23/2020 National Service Programs, Community Well-Being, Volunteers, and Donations A Review of Two Studies Pamela Paxton, Kristopher Velasco, Andrew Messamore, Robert Ressler 19 Study 2: Background The Issue: What We Know and Don’t Know • Do national service programs have an impact? • AmeriCorps/VISTA members help provide services • AmeriCorps/VISTA members help themselves over the life course as a result of their service • National service programs also affect community subjective well-being • But do national service programs also affect the nonprofits themselves ? • Our research: Does VISTA help nonprofits get more donations and volunteers? 20 10
11/23/2020 Research Design: New Data • (1) IRS Forms 990: More than 100,000 nonprofits from 2010-present • (2) VISTA data from AmeriCorps: 92,000 service terms at 2,685 nonprofits from 2003-2019 • How do we connect these? Volunteering VISTA / Donations 21 Questions 1. Is VISTA presence related to greater volunteering and donations two years after participation in the program? 2. Do nonprofits that have VISTA service members have higher levels of volunteering and donations in general over time? 22 11
11/23/2020 Data: VISTA Interventions • Data from CNCS VISTA placements • VISTA Present • Indicator for whether or not an organization received VISTA service members • VISTA Days (logged) • Continuous measure for the number of days of VISTA service received 23 Research Design: How can we answer the question? Volunteering VISTA / Donations What could go wrong? 1. Financially successful nonprofits may be more likely to apply for VISTA 2. Nonprofits that have more volunteers might apply for VISTA in order to help manage those programs 24 12
11/23/2020 Methods • Matching • Match organizations that received VISTA between 2010 and 2014 to very similar organizations that never participated in the program • Look at donations and volunteers two years later • Cross-Sectional Time Series with Two-Way Fixed Effects of VISTA receiving organizations • 2010-2016 25 Results *All controls in models 26 13
11/23/2020 Results *All controls in models 27 Takeaways • VISTA is associated with greater volunteering in later years • The lack of an effect on donations? We do not track whether VISTA members worked on fundraising programs 28 14
11/23/2020 29 Research Design: How can we answer the question? Six Dimensions of Subjective Well-Being Today, we focus on two: Engagement and disengagement • Engagement Disengagement Learning Meh Interesting Tired Alive Bored Alert Blah Involved Sleepy Creative Exhausted 30 15
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