Spectrum & Wireless An Ever-Changing Landscape 0.02 MHz AM - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Spectrum & Wireless An Ever-Changing Landscape

0.02 MHz AM RADIO 0.2 MHz 2 MHz TV FM TV TV 2 - 4 E R E E R 5-6 RADIO H 7 - 13 E E H R E A R S A C S M I C M I S S S E S L E E L R E I R 20 MHz W I W TV PCS CELL 14 - 69 200 MHz 2000 MHz 20,000 MHz

FIXED MOBILE 108 LAND MOBILE 30 MHz AVIATION 32 108 MHz FIXED MOBILE NAVIGATION LAND MOBILE 118 34 FIXED MOBILE AVIATION MOBILE LAND MOBILE 36 FIXED MOBILE LAND MOBILE LAND MOBILE, ASTRONOMY VHF Allocations: United States 136 FIXED MOBILE LAND MOBILE 40 (government frequencies) SATELLITE, SPACE FIXED MOBILE 138 42 FIXED MOBILE MOBILE LAND 144 148 AMATEUR SATELLITE, MOBILE MOBILE 47 FIXED FIXED MOBILE 156 LAND MOBILE LAND MOBILE (30-300 MHz) MARINE FIXED MOBILE 50 AMATEUR 162 54 FIXED MOBILE 174 TV 2-4 TV 7-13 (wireless microphone frequencies) 72 216 MOBILE FIXED MARINE, AMATEUR, LAND MOBILE, RADIO ASTRONOMY Aviation, Radiolocation MOBILE 225 FIXED AERONAUTICAL NAVIGATION MOBILE FIXED 78 FIXED MOBILE TV 5-6 235 MOBILE SATELLITE 88 MOBILE FIXED FM RADIO 108 MHz 300 MHz 108 300

960 300 SATELLITE AVIATION RADIO- MOBILE MOBILE FIXED NAVIGATION 300 MHz 960 MHz 322 FIXED MOBILE AVIATION RADIONAVIGATION SATELLITE MOBILE 1215 MOBILE FIXED RADIOLOCATION RADIOLOCATION SATELLITE Amateu R-NAV SATELLITE MOBILE SATELLITE RADIOLOCATION 400 STD. FREQUENCY.& TIME SATELLITE r AVIATION RADIO- METEOROLOGY, RADIOLOCATION NAVIGATION UHF Allocations: United States SATELLITE, SPACE 403 RADIO- FIXED MOBILE LOCATION METEOROLOGY (government frequencies) ASTRONOMY, SATELLITE, MOBILE SATELLITE RADIO SPACE FIXED MOBILE ASTRONOMY LAND SPACE FIXED MOBILE FIXED 420 FIXED MOBILE Space 1435 1530 MOBILE LOCATION LAND Amateur MOBILE FIXED FIXED RADIO- MOBILE MOBILE (AERONAUTICAL TELEMETRY) 450 LAND MOBILE (300 MHz-3 GHz) MOBILE SATELLITE Meteorology LAND MOBILE 470 (AERO & MARINE) MOBILE 1559 LAND 14-20 TV RADIONAVIGATION, MOBILE SATELLITE, RADIOASTRONOMY 512 MOBILE SATELLITE 1660 (AERO & MARINE) RADIOASTRONOMY, TV 21-36 METEOROLOGY 1700 METEOROLOGY (wireless microphone frequencies) METEOR- FIXED FIXED OLOGY 608 1850 FIXED MOBILE RADIO ASTRONOMY 614 PCS 1990 FIXED MOBILE FIXED TV 38-69 MOBILE FIXED FIXED MOBILE SPACE SPACE FIXED MOBILE AMATEUR BROADCAST MOBILE FIXED SATELLITE 2390 RADIOLOCATION FIXED MOBILE AMATEUR RADIOLOCATION Amateur 806 FIXED MOBILE RADIOLOCATION TELEPHONE SATELLITE CELLULAR 2500 BROADCAST FIXED SATELLITE BROADCAST SATELLITE, RADIOASTRONOMY, SPACE 2700 902 3 GHz 960 MHz RADIONAVIGATION, RADIO- Amateur METEOROLOGY, LOCATION 928 RADIOLOCATION FIXED LAND MOBILE FIXED RADIONAVIGATION, LAND MOBILE 941 300 RADIOLOCATION MOBILE FIXED FIXED

Wireless Mic Spectrum: United States ~410 MHz Total Bandwidth Wireless System Bands (licensed) Wireless System Bands (unlicensed) “Traveling” frequencies STL, ICR frequencies (169-172 MHz) (944-952 MHz) ALS (72 MHz) High-band VHF UHF 902-928 MHz 2.4 GHz range 49 MHz TV 7-13 (174-216 MHz) range TV 14-69 (470-806 MHz) 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 2400 Frequency in MHz

Wireless Spectrum: Japan ~22 MHz Total Bandwidth UHF only! Wireless Mic Bands JA (797-806MHz) JB (806-810MHz) A2 (779-788MHz) 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 Frequency (Mhz)

Why Operate in the Television Band? • Wide frequency range available for operating many systems – 330 MHz bandwidth available in UHF • Predictable interference from TV stations • No intermittent or unpredictable interference from consumer or unlicensed devices (At the moment) • Other bands inherent problems: 900MHz - 2.4GHz - 5.6GHz – Interference: WiFi, BlueTooth, Microwave, Consumer electronics

Analog Television Channel Spectrum Video Audio (picture) (sound) Chroma (color) Amplitude 1.25 MHz 3.58 MHz .25 MHz f v f c f a 6 MHz Frequency

Digital Television Channel Spectrum (DTV) Amplitude 6 MHz Frequency

UHF Spectrum and TV Station Interference • Avoid Occupied TV Channels

Avoid Occupied TV Channels • Broadcast TV transmitters – Outdoors within 50-60 miles – Indoors within 30-40 miles • Different channels in different cities • Analog TV and Digital TV (DTV) have same effect: – Dropouts – Reduced range – No noticeable audio quality difference • DTV channels can be VHF or UHF

The Changing Landscape of Wireless Mic Spectrum 1996 : VHF  UHF – Microphone channel counts rise 1997: FCC Announcement: DTV + 700 MHz Band Re-Allocation – TV CH 52-62 and 65-67 to be sold to highest bidder – TV CH 63-64, 68-69 re-allocated for Public Safety 2000: Start of DTV Transition - Digital TV goes on the AIR – Number of open TV channels drops by approx half 2006: FCC Timetable for White Spaces – FCC Decides to allow fixed unlicensed devices into TV bands – FCC proposal for personal portable unlicensed devices into TV band 2009: End of DTV Transition – Analog TV goes OFF the AIR – Number of open TV channels increases by ~two fold – If White Spaces Proposal is approved: unlicensed devices operate in TV bands – Wireless mics un-allowed in the 700 MHz UHF band

Spectrum Re-Allocation: UHF TV 14 - 69 • Current UHF TELEVISION BAND DTV and Analog TV Wireless Mics Comm Links – Intercom Etc. 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 • Post February 17, 2009 UHF TELEVISION BAND PUBLIC SAFETY PUBLIC SAFETY NEW NEW DTV Only SERVICES SVC Unlicensed Wireless Mics Devices Comm Links – Intercom NOT LIKELY UNLICENSED DEVICES In this band And Personal Portable Devices 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69

The Changing Landscape of Wireless Mic Spectrum 1996 : VHF  UHF – Microphone channel counts rise 700 MHz 1997: FCC Announcement: DTV + 700 MHz Band Re-Allocation Reallocation – TV CH 52-62 and 65-67 to be sold to highest bidder – TV CH 63-64, 68-69 re-allocated for Public Safety 2000: Start of DTV Transition - Digital TV goes on the AIR DTV – Number of open TV channels drops by approx half White 2006: FCC Timetable for White Spaces Spaces – FCC Decides to allow fixed unlicensed devices into TV bands – FCC proposal for personal portable unlicensed devices into TV band 2009: End of DTV Transition – Analog TV goes OFF the AIR – Number of open TV channels increases by ~two fold – If White Spaces Proposal is approved: unlicensed devices operate in TV bands – Wireless mics un-allowed in the 700 MHz UHF band

Spectrum Re-Allocation: UHF TV 14 - 69 • Current DTV UHF TELEVISION BAND DTV and Analog TV Wireless Mics Comm Links - Intercom 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 • Post February 17, 2009 White 700 MHz Spaces Reallocation PUBLIC SAFETY PUBLIC SAFETY UHF TELEVISION BAND NEW NEW SERVICES SVC DTV Only NO Wireless Mics UNLICENSED Comm Links – Intercom DEVICES UNLICENSED DEVICES 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69

DTV What is DTV? • DTV = Digital Television • Second DTV channel for all current Analog, over the air, TV • Each DTV channel can carry: – Combination of HDTV and SDTV signals – Hi-fidelity multi-channel audio – Text, second language, program info, etc. • Viewers need new TV set or converter box • Stations need new transmitter, antenna, etc.

How DTV Can Affect DTV Wireless Microphones Same way that current Analog TV affects Wireless Mics: • Decrease range by causing drop outs • How bad? Depends on: – whether user is indoors or outdoors – distance from the TV transmitter – TV transmitter power – distance from wireless transmitter to wireless receiver – antenna type and placement

DTV Example: Los Angeles, CA Call Sign Analog DTV KCBS 60 2 KNBC 36 4 KTLA 31 5 KABC 53 7 KCAL 43 9 KTTV 65 11 KCOP 66 13 KSCI 61 18 KWHY 42 22 KVCR 26 24 KCET 59 28 KPXN 38 30 KMEX 35 34 KTBN 23 40 KLCS 41 58

DTV Example: Chicago, IL Analog Call Sign DTV WBBM 3 2 WMAQ 29 5 WLS 52 7 WGN 19 9 WTTW 47 11 WYCC 21 20 WCIU 27 26 WFLD 31 32 WCPX 43 38 WPWR 51 50 WGBO 53 66

DTV Example: Chicago, IL • Chicago: Now (2007) 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 • Chicago: Future (Feb, 2009) 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69