Softw are Engineering for Em bedded System s Software Engineering for Embedded Systems Mohammad. Abdullah Al Faruque Talal Bonny CES - C hair for E mbedded S ystems (Prof. Dr. Jörg Henkel) Department of Computer Science University of Karlsruhe Universität Karlsruhe ( TH) Chair for Em bedded System s Mohammad Abdullah Al Faruque WS -2007/2008 Softw are Engineering for Em bedded System s Lecture Contents ( Big Picture) � Definition of Software Engineering � Embedded Systems at a Glance � Embedded Software and Different Issues Related to Software Engineering � Process Models � Detail Description of V Model • Requirement Analysis • Example: Adaptive Cruise Control (ACC) • Requirement Engineering • How to Do Requirement Analysis • Analysis of Functional Requirements • Quality Analysis • Architecture Design � Waterfall Model � Spiral Model � Rational Unified Process (RUP) � Extreme Programming (XP) Universität Karlsruhe ( TH) Chair for Em bedded System s Mohammad Abdullah Al Faruque WS 2007/2008
Softw are Engineering for Em bedded System s Lecture Contents ( Big Picture) � Definition of Software Engineering � Embedded Systems at a Glance � Embedded Software and Different Issues Related to Software Engineering � Process Models � Detail Description of V Model • Requirement Analysis • Example: Adaptive Cruise Control (ACC) • Requirement Engineering • How to Do Requirement Analysis • Analysis of Functional Requirements • Quality Analysis • Architecture Design � Waterfall Model � Spiral Model � Rational Unified Process (RUP) � Extreme Programming (XP) Universität Karlsruhe ( TH) Chair for Em bedded System s Mohammad Abdullah Al Faruque WS 2007/2008 Softw are Engineering for Em bedded System s W hat is Softw are Engineering? Boehm : Software Engineering: The practical application of scientific knowledge in the design and construction of computer programs and the associated docum entation required to develop, operate, and maintain them. Dennis: Software engineering is the application of principles , skills , and art to the design and construction of programs and systems of programs. Universität Karlsruhe ( TH) Chair for Em bedded System s Mohammad Abdullah Al Faruque WS 2007/2008
Softw are Engineering for Em bedded System s W hat is Softw are Engineering ( contd) ? Parnas: Software engineering is programming under at last one of the following two conditions: � More than one person is involved in the construction and/or use of the programs, � More than one version of the program will be produced. Fairley: Software engineering is the technological and m anagerial discipline concerned with the systematic production and maintenance of software products that are developed and modified on time and within cost estimates. Universität Karlsruhe ( TH) Chair for Em bedded System s Mohammad Abdullah Al Faruque WS 2007/2008 Softw are Engineering for Em bedded System s W hat is Softw are Engineering ( contd) ? Som erville: Software Engineering is concerned with building software systems which are large than would normally be tackled by a single individual , uses engineering principles in the development of these systems and is made up of both technical and non-technical aspects. Pom berger and Blaschek: Software engineering is the practical application of scientific knowledge for the economical production and use of high- quality softw are . Universität Karlsruhe ( TH) Chair for Em bedded System s Mohammad Abdullah Al Faruque WS 2007/2008
Softw are Engineering for Em bedded System s Lecture Contents ( Big Picture) � Definition of Software Engineering � Embedded Systems at a Glance � Embedded Software and Different Issues Related to Software Engineering � Process Models � Detail Description of V Model • Requirement Analysis • Example: Adaptive Cruise Control (ACC) • Requirement Engineering • How to Do Requirement Analysis • Analysis of Functional Requirements • Quality Analysis • Architecture Design � Waterfall Model � Spiral Model � Rational Unified Process (RUP) � Extreme Programming (XP) Universität Karlsruhe ( TH) Chair for Em bedded System s Mohammad Abdullah Al Faruque WS 2007/2008 Softw are Engineering for Em bedded System s W hat is an Em bedded System? Source: Prof. Dr.-Ing. Stefan Kowalewshi, RWTH Em bedded System = A computer system which is integrated into another system, the embedding system. The requirements for the embedded system must be derived from the requirements for the embedding system. Exam ples? Universität Karlsruhe ( TH) Chair for Em bedded System s Mohammad Abdullah Al Faruque WS 2007/2008
Softw are Engineering for Em bedded System s Exam ples of Em bedding System s Source: Prof. Dr.-Ing. Stefan Kowalewshi, RWTH Universität Karlsruhe ( TH) Chair for Em bedded System s Mohammad Abdullah Al Faruque WS 2007/2008 Softw are Engineering for Em bedded System s Tw o Different Main Application Areas Source: Prof. Dr.-Ing. Stefan Kowalewshi, RWTH Em bedding system = Em bedding system = product production system Examples: Examples: • Automotive Electronics • Manufacturing Control • Avionics • Chemical Process Control • Health Care Systems • Logistics Universität Karlsruhe ( TH) Chair for Em bedded System s Mohammad Abdullah Al Faruque WS 2007/2008
Softw are Engineering for Em bedded System s W hat are Em bedded System s doing? Typical functionalities � Measuring physical variables (sensing) � Storing data � Processing sensor signals and data � Influencing physical variables (actuating) � Monitoring � Supervising � Enable manual and automatic operation • In one word: � Control Universität Karlsruhe ( TH) Chair for Em bedded System s Mohammad Abdullah Al Faruque WS 2007/2008 Softw are Engineering for Em bedded System s Differences to “Desktop“ Com puting? � Interaction with physical environment � Closed loop � Malfunction may lead to damage � No or very restricted human/computer interface � No or very restricted maintenance possibilities � Part of competitively priced products (high volumes) � Tight resource constraints � Often special hardware � Part of engineering product � High product generation frequency � Often many variants � I m plications for SW engineering? Universität Karlsruhe ( TH) Chair for Em bedded System s Mohammad Abdullah Al Faruque WS 2007/2008
Softw are Engineering for Em bedded System s Lecture Contents ( Big Picture) � Definition of Software Engineering � Embedded Systems at a Glance � Embedded Software and Different Issues Related to Software Engineering � Process Models � Detail Description of V Model • Requirement Analysis • Example: Adaptive Cruise Control (ACC) • Requirement Engineering • How to Do Requirement Analysis • Analysis of Functional Requirements • Quality Analysis • Architecture Design � Waterfall Model � Spiral Model � Rational Unified Process (RUP) � Extreme Programming (XP) Universität Karlsruhe ( TH) Chair for Em bedded System s Mohammad Abdullah Al Faruque WS 2007/2008 Softw are Engineering for Em bedded System s W hy SW Engineering for ES? � Shift of developing effort of the Embedded Systems from the hardware to the software � Rapid complexity rise of Embedded Software � Very specific basic conditions/constraints, under which Embedded software is developed and operated � Conventional software development methods cannot be used over so easily without adoption Source: Dr.-Ing. M. Syrjakow Universität Karlsruhe ( TH) Chair for Em bedded System s Mohammad Abdullah Al Faruque WS 2007/2008
Softw are Engineering for Em bedded System s W hy is SW Engineering so Com plicated? Som e of m any reasons � Specific characteristics of software � Increasing quality requirements � Increasing complexity of Software system � Only unclear or obscure (not formal) specifications possible � Semantics is very complex and it gives no mathematical support � Users specify the problem � Programmers interpret the specification and based on the specification they implement the program Source: Dr.-Ing. M. Syrjakow Universität Karlsruhe ( TH) Chair for Em bedded System s Mohammad Abdullah Al Faruque WS 2007/2008 Softw are Engineering for Em bedded System s Specific Boundary Conditions/ Constraints for the Developm ent of Em bedded Softw are � Specific economic and organizational basic conditions with the production of embedded systems � Mass production requires strictly savings with hardware resources � Therefore little space for software abstraction that typically require/use more memory or computational power � Because of surrounding environment and heterogeneity an integrated approach for system specification is required Source: Dr.-Ing. M. Syrjakow Universität Karlsruhe ( TH) Chair for Em bedded System s Mohammad Abdullah Al Faruque WS 2007/2008
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