Data analysis and local policy for smart decision making 29 March 2017 Kick-off Conference EV Energy Rick Wolbertus 1
Managing charging behaviour using smart decisions 2
Charging behaviour Charging behaviour is about choices 3 Choices: Location Time of Day Duration Smart Charging/V2G Adding a fourth: Allowing flexibility 3
Location choice Habits Data: Amsterdam, 2016 4
Location Choice: But what if we have to choose an alternative network effects In planning EV infrastructure 5
Location choice Service vulnerability Inconvenience vulnerability 6
Time of Day: charging profiles Taxi early pillow charger Vroege pillowcharger commuter taxi Kantoor laden 8,00 20 18 ,00 7,00 16,00 16 6,00 14,00 14 5,00 ,00 12 4,00 10,00 10 8,00 8 3,00 6,00 6 2,00 4,00 4 1,00 2,00 2 0,00 0,00 0 1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 Bezoeker* late pillow charger free floating car sharing scheme visitor 9,00 8,00 7,00 6,00 5,00 4,00 3,00 2,00 1,00 0,00 1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 7 7
Smart roll-out strategies 20,00 18,00 16,00 14,00 12,00 commuters 10,00 pillow chargers 8,00 6,00 4,00 car sharing 2,00 0,00 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 Deelauto Late Pillow charger Kantoor laden 8 8
Duration 9
Duration Hours connected 10
Duration Hours charging 11
The fourth variable: flexbility The potential: 12 Research by: Anja Jonker
Flexibility: Cost reduction potential Differences in APX electricity price 13
Flexibility: Targeting users by Battery capacity 100% Time used for charging 0% Battery capacity 0 kWh 100 kWh 14
Important differences 1 (Darkblue) and 3 (Lightblue) phase charging 100% Time used for charging 0% Battery capacity 100 kWh 0 kWh 15
Understanding Battery capacity: a 1-phase version 100% Time used for charging 0% 0 kWh Battery capacity 100 kWh 16
(New) FEV (2017-2018) Car Battery Charging speed Empty to full capacity Tesla Model S-X 60-100 kWh 3 Phase (11 kW) 5,5-9 hours Nissan Leaf 30 kWh 1 Phase (3.7 kW) 8 hours Renault Zoe R90 41 kWh 3 Phase (11 kW) 4 hours Hyundai IONIQ 28 kWh 1 Phase (3.7 kW) 7,5 hours Volkswagen E-golf 36 kWh 1 Phase (3.7 kW) 10 hours Opel Ampera-E 60 kWH 1 Phase (3.7 kW) 16 hours Tesla Model 3 58 kWh 3 Phase (11 kW) 5 hours BMW i3 33 kWh 3 Phase (11 kW) * 3 hours *BMW i3 22 kWh is 1 phase Source: www.ev-database.nl 17
Local policy implications • Managing charging behaviour is complex • Difficult to satisfy all stakeholders • Encourage municipalities to experiment with polices – The Netherlands as living lab • Potential for flexibility is big • Look for easy ways to to nudge behaviour 18
Thank you for listening Web: www.idolaad.nl Email: r.wolbertus@hva.nl Twitter: @WolbertusR 19
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