Short Lived Climate Pollutants (SLCP) avoidance and reduction - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Short Lived Climate Pollutants (SLCP) avoidance and reduction approaches in municipal solid waste (MSW) management Janya Sang-Arun Senior policy researcher Sustainable Consumption and Production Group Institute for Global Environmental Strategies (IGES)

IGES-SCP SLCP avoidance What is the major SLCP from MSW management? • Methane – greenhouse gas – Degradation of organic matter under anaerobic condition (no oxygen)  open dumping, landfill - Incomplete combustion of waste and fossil fuels • Black carbon – black smoke – Incomplete combustion (low heat) of waste under open burning and some types of incineration – Incomplete combustion of fossil fuels Janya Sang-Arun IGES | http://www.iges.or.jp CCAC-MSWI, 23-24 Feb 2014, Surabaya 2

IGES-SCP SLCP avoidance How to avoid and reduce methane emission? 1) Avoided open dumping and landfill of organic waste 1.1) Use for animal feed 1.2) Composting and use for soil amendment 1.3) Producing biogas for energy use 1.4) Pre-treatment before landfilling – mechanical biological treatment (MBT) 1.5) Incineration with advanced and well controlled incinerators 1.6) Others 2) Captured landfill gas for energy use or flaring Janya Sang-Arun IGES | http://www.iges.or.jp CCAC-MSWI, 23-24 Feb 2014, Surabaya 3

IGES-SCP SLCP avoidance How to avoid and reduce black carbon emissions? 1) Avoided open burning of waste 1.1) Prohibit/Stop open burning 1.2) Separation of recycle materials before disposal to dumpsite that has open burning 2) Reduced waste transportation by heavy fuels 2.1) Reducing waste generation (reduce, reuse) 2.2) Enhancing residents to treat their own waste – household composting, etc. 2.3) Changing type of fossil fuels use (e.g. diesel  NGV) Janya Sang-Arun IGES | http://www.iges.or.jp CCAC-MSWI, 23-24 Feb 2014, Surabaya 4

IGES-SCP SLCP avoidance An example of waste management flow for SLCP avoidance and reduction when conventional practice is landfill or open dumping 3Rs Reduced waste transport Household Use alternative fuels Separation at source Open dumping Mix waste Food & garden Paper waste MBT Landfill Advanced Utilizations Recycling incineration with gas - Animal feed with energy recovery - Compost recovery - Biogas - EM?? RDF Residue Sanitary landfill Janya Sang-Arun IGES | http://www.iges.or.jp CCAC-MSWI, 23-24 Feb 2014, Surabaya 5

IGES-SCP SLCP avoidance An example of waste management flow for SLCP avoidance and reduction when conventional practice is open burning 3Rs Reduced waste transport Household Use alternative fuels Separation at source Open burning Mix waste Recyclables Food & garden waste MBT Landfill Advanced Recycling incineration with gas with energy recovery Utilizations recovery - Animal feed - Compost RDF Residue - Biogas - EM?? Sanitary landfill Janya Sang-Arun IGES | http://www.iges.or.jp CCAC-MSWI, 23-24 Feb 2014, Surabaya 6

IGES-SCP SLCP avoidance Examples of methane avoidance and reduction practices in Asian countries • Use of organic waste for animal feed Muangklang, Thailand Vientiane Capital, Lao PDR Janya Sang-Arun IGES | http://www.iges.or.jp CCAC-MSWI, 23-24 Feb 2014, Surabaya 7

IGES-SCP SLCP avoidance Composting Battambang, Cambodia Surabaya, Indonesia Penang, Malaysia Dhaka, Bangladesh Phitsanulok, Thailand – waste concern Janya Sang-Arun IGES | http://www.iges.or.jp CCAC-MSWI, 23-24 Feb 2014, Surabaya 8

IGES-SCP SLCP avoidance • Anaerobic digestion Kerala, India Rayong, Thailand Muangklang, Thailand Janya Sang-Arun IGES | http://www.iges.or.jp CCAC-MSWI, 23-24 Feb 2014, Surabaya 9

IGES-SCP SLCP avoidance • Mechanical Biological Treatment Compost like product Homogenizing Passive and forming the composting for 9 pile months Plastic Phitsanulok, Thailand Janya Sang-Arun IGES | http://www.iges.or.jp CCAC-MSWI, 23-24 Feb 2014, Surabaya 10

IGES-SCP SLCP avoidance • Landfill gas recovery for electricity generation Rachatewa landfill, Bangkok Janya Sang-Arun IGES | http://www.iges.or.jp CCAC-MSWI, 23-24 Feb 2014, Surabaya 11

IGES-SCP SLCP avoidance • Incineration with advanced technology that well equipped with air pollution control – Japan Maishima Incineration Plant, Osaka www.flickr.com Janya Sang-Arun IGES | http://www.iges.or.jp CCAC-MSWI, 23-24 Feb 2014, Surabaya 12

IGES-SCP SLCP avoidance Examples of black carbon avoidance and reduction practices in Asian countries • Separation of recyclable materials for recycling – reducing waste to open burning site Recycling Janya Sang-Arun IGES | http://www.iges.or.jp CCAC-MSWI, 23-24 Feb 2014, Surabaya 13

IGES-SCP SLCP avoidance • Change of fossil fuel use : change from diesel to NGV Phitsanulok, Thailand Janya Sang-Arun IGES | http://www.iges.or.jp CCAC-MSWI, 23-24 Feb 2014, Surabaya 14

IGES-SCP SLCP avoidance Conclusion • There are many SLCP avoidance and reduction practices in Asia. • Remaining questions are: – How we can sustain & scale-up these practices? – How we can improve the management & operation? – How to select the most appropriate technologies for our cities? – How we can systematically account our efforts on SLCP avoidance and reduction? – Etc. We can work together to find solution for these challenges under the CCAC-MSWI . Janya Sang-Arun IGES | http://www.iges.or.jp CCAC-MSWI, 23-24 Feb 2014, Surabaya 15