Searching for information on-line
iClicker Question I know a lot about searching for information on- line. A. Strongly agree B. Agree C. Don’t agree or disagree D. Disagree E. Strongly disagree
Overview • Background of information availability on-line • Boolean searching strategies • Google (search engine) specific strategies • Scholarly sources – Library Databases – Google Scholar • Search reliability
iClicker Question When you search Google or any other search engine, how many pages of results do you look at before ending your search? A. <1 page B. 1 page C. 2 pages D. 3 pages E. >3 pages
Information availability • Search engines account Internet Search for roughly 10% of Engines 10% content available on the Internet • What is the other 90% that we cannot find by “Googling” for information? – Web content that cannot be indexed Deep Web 90%
Indexed information (searchable) • Search engines index the Web (typically by following links with crawlers also known as spiders) • Spiders follow links on web pages to other pages to determine what exists and its importance • The more links to a page typically indicates how important it is and helps with its search engine ranking
What is not indexed? • Library catalogs • Bank account information • Store account information • Basically any Web site that is password protected • Other sites choose to be omitted from search results • Few “darknet” services such as Tor (anonymous network)
How do we find information? Internet Search Engines 10% Deep Web 90%
Thought question • How do we search for: University of Hawai‘i at Mānoa
Boolean searching strategies • AND: result must include terms combined by the AND • OR: result must include any terms separated by an OR • NOT: result excludes specific terms after the NOT • (parenthesis): perform these tasks before others • “Quotes”: result must include an exact character string
Search strategies Cats Dogs
AND cats AND dogs
OR cats OR dogs
NOT cats NOT dogs
NOT dogs NOT cats
(Parenthesis) (cats AND dogs) NOT pets
“Quotes” “Feral cats” Feral cats
Practice • How would you search for Italian cuisine without bread?
Practice • How would you search for Italian cuisine without bread? (Italian AND cuisine) NOT bread
Practice • How would you search for Italian cuisine without bread?
Practice • How would you search for Italian cuisine without bread? (Italian AND cuisine) NOT bread
Workspace 1 (workbooks) • How would you search for Italian or French cuisine without high calorie dishes? – Draw the an illustration demonstrating the search and include the search string Example illustration: Example string: (Italian AND cuisine) NOT bread
Practice • How would you search for Italian or French cuisine without high calorie dishes? Italian OR French
Practice • How would you search for Italian or French cuisine without high calorie dishes? (Italian OR French) AND cuisine
Practice • How would you search for Italian or French cuisine without high calorie dishes? ((Italian OR French) AND cuisine) NOT “high calorie dishes”
Practice • How would you search for Italian or French cuisine without high calorie dishes? ((Italian OR French) AND cuisine) NOT “high calorie dishes” “Italian cuisine” OR “French cuisine” NOT “high calorie dishes” (“Italian cuisine” OR “French cuisine”) NOT “high calorie dishes”
iClicker Question Which of the following searches best reflects the following search illustration? A. ((Italian AND French) OR cuisine) AND “high calorie dishes” B. ((Italian AND French) OR cuisine) NOT “high calorie dishes” C. cuisine AND “high calorie dishes” AND Italian AND French D. (Italian AND French AND cuisine) NOT “high calorie dishes” E. (Italian AND French AND cuisine) AND “high calorie dishes”
iClicker Question Which of the following searches best reflects the following search illustration? A. ((Italian AND French) OR cuisine) AND “high calorie dishes” B. ((Italian AND French) OR cuisine) NOT “high calorie dishes” C. cuisine AND “high calorie dishes” AND Italian AND French D. (Italian AND French AND cuisine) NOT “high calorie dishes” E. (Italian AND French AND cuisine) AND “high calorie dishes”
Workspace 2 (workbooks) • Draw the following illustration • Write what you are searching for in natural language • Write a correct search string
Workspace 2 (workbooks) • Draw the following illustration • I am searching for high calorie dishes that are Italian not French or cuisine • Italian AND “high calorie dishes” NOT French NOT cuisine
Google searching strategies • Conversions/calculations: converting variables or calculating values • Regions: searching by region • Last update: searching based on time • Site: searching within a specific site
Conversions/calculations • 5+10-8*10
Conversions/calculations • 1600 meters in miles
Conversions/calculations • 88 Fahrenheit in Celsius (F in C)
Region • Search for information from a specific location • Acquire information from a region’s perspective – Write a paper on the Japan Tsunami in 2011 from the people’s perspective in Japan – Pair with Google translate to give you a good idea of what the perspective was at the time
Region
Translate
Last update • Good for current information that changes quickly • There were incorrect reports of Gabrielle Giffords’ shooting, where news outlets reported that she died in a shooting – Based on the time of the update, you may get one reporting her death and another reporting that she was shot and in critical condition
Last update
Site searching • Search for information within a site • Good for locating information that you know is in a specific site – Example: searching for the final exam schedule within www.hawaii.edu – Search terms: site:www.hawaii.edu manoa final exam schedule
Site searching
Think about it • When would you use the following search strategies in engines: – Conversions/calculations – Region – Last update – Site searching • There are a lot more search refinement tools. For more, check the Google Advanced search page (settings > Advanced search in any Google search) • Key is knowing what options are available and how you may put them together
Scholarly sources • Google Scholar – Similar to Google search (scholar.google.com) • UHM Library databases
Library databases • Hosting company (EBSCOHost) • Database (Academic Search Complete)
Library database search strategies • Boolean • Field limiters – Text (TX) – Author (AU) – Title (TI) – Subject heading (SU) • Reading a search result
Field limiters
Search results
Search results
Search result
Search result
Thought question • How would you search for information for a report within your major? • What types of subject headings (SU) are typical for your area?
Search reliability • Scholarly sources: typical for school papers • Google Scholar – Quick and mirrors Google’s search engine – May have inaccurate results • Library databases – Limited to content in the database – Accurate results
iClicker Question According to Google Scholar, how many articles are published in the years 2020-2050 with the keyword school ? A. 0 B. 1-10 C. 11-50 D. 51-100 E. >100
Search reliability examples
Library databases
iClicker Question Which of the following searches should have the most search results using Google? A. business ethics humanities B. business ethics humanities -art C. business ethics humanities -arts D. A, B, and C have the same results E. Cannot determine based on information given
Workspace 3 • Briefly describe the following Google search limiters: – Conversions/calculations – Regions – Last update – Site • Briefly describe the following EBSCOHost database limiters – Text (TX) – Author (AU) – Title (TI) – Subject heading (SU) • Describe possible issues with search reliability
iClicker Question I learned a lot about searching for information on- line. A. Strongly agree B. Agree C. Don’t agree or disagree D. Disagree E. Strongly disagree
high calorie dishes French Italian cuisine
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