Scenarios, Requirements, and Frameworks Foundations of Design
Design Deliver Discover 1 5 7 8 9 10 11 2 3 4 Intro Scenarios, Usability Visual Evaluation Lifecycle Presentation Research Interviews Modeling Requirements, Concepts Design & Users Frameworks Discovery 6 12 Midterm Final Exam Course Outline 2
Intro 3
Context Scenario Environment Product Persona Biz & Tech 4
Types of Scenarios Context Scenarios - Before design Key-path Scenarios - During design Validation Scenarios - After design 5
Personas Context Design Scenarios Validity? 6
Requirements 7
What? How? How might we... Internet Translator … remove the language barrier Language and enhance cultural exchange? Classes Maps … help travelers feel safe to explore and take risks? Time Machine Rating … find places with no internet? Tour System Guide … help travelers explore the Black similarities and di ff erences Market between themselves and locals? Mobile GPS Phone 8
Problem Statement Travelers want to {goal(s)} but have {needs and frustrations} because {obstacles to achieving goal}. Vision Statement The new product or service will help travelers {achieve goal(s)} by {giving them capabilities} and {alleviating current needs or frustrations}. 9
Mental Model A mental model is what the user believes about the system at hand. 10
Identify: Related experiences that influence their mental models Expectations about how things behave How personas think about basic units of data 11
Context Scenarios 12
Questions addressed by context scenarios What is the setting in which the product will be used? Will it be used over long periods? Are there frequent interruptions? Are there multiple users of the product? Will the product be used in conjunction with other products? What major things does the persona need to accomplish? What should be the end result? 13
Jack is thinking about taking a trip to Spain. He sits at his computer and does some preliminary research on Google Maps, Trip Advisor, and Wikitravel to get a general “lay of the land” and some of the more popular places to go. Once he’s armed with the basics, he’s ready to get the inside scoop. Jack connects to his Global Neighborhood Ambassador (GNA) network and focusses his attention on Spain and the surrounding areas. He then looks for locals that are interested in the things that he wants to find out more about, in this case, “local culture”. He also culls his list by some demographic data so he can be sure to get opinions from people in his age range. There are several ambassadors that match his criteria, so he prioritizes by their level of trust. This leaves five local ambassadors. 14 Sample context scenario for “pre-trip” planning
Jack asks, “Should I leave a tip at a restaurant and typically what percentage?” to all five ambassadors. The ambassadors receive: “¿Debo dejar propina en un restaurante y por lo general qué porcentaje?” His wife interrupts and calls him away for dinner. While eating, Jack is alerted to three responders to his question through the iPhone version of the service. He finishes dessert and then resumes his discussion. Of the three responses, he’s curious about #2’s response which was di ff erent than #1 and #3. He pulls all three responders into the conversation and asks for them to compare their responses. A lively debate ensues. Jack thanks all three responders and ends the discussion. He lets the community know that all three responders were a big help to him by giving them all five star ratings. He then saves all three in his contacts for future reference. 15 Sample context scenario for “pre-trip” planning
Other Scenarios? 16 Sample context scenario for “pre-trip” planning
Extracting Requirements Data needs Functional needs General considerations and constraints Objects, Actions, Contexts 17
Frameworks 18
Frameworks Interaction design framework Visual design framework Industrial design framework 19
Interaction Design Framework High-level Structure and Behaviors “Top-down” Approach Form factor, input methods Objects (object-oriented design) Navigation and posture 21
Form factor & input methods 22
Data Objects Object Attribute 1 Action 1 Attribute 2 Action 2 … … Attribute n Action n 23
Levels of Detail Abstract Detailed Easier to Change Harder to Change Based on Context Scenarios Based on Keypath Scenarios, Principles, & Design Patterns Storyboards Functional Flow Charts Grouping & High-fidelity Organization of Rough Mockups Objects Wireframes Interface Object-oriented Sketches Design (Balsamiq) 24
Navigation & Posture 25
Sequences 26
Hierarchies 27
“Webs” 28
Stanley Example Kick the Tires The Challenge Meet Stanley s s s s Vehicle Details Race Details 29
Posture 30
Sovereign When you’re dedicating time to an activity. 31
Transient When you’re performing a quick operation. 32
Mobile Frameworks 33
Next Week: Midterm 34
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