Role Role of of the the MBS MBS-NIB in NIB in the the - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Role Role of of the the MBS MBS-NIB in NIB in the the preparation of preparation of the the national national Marine Marine Environment Environment Management Management Plan Plan according to according to Water Water Framework Framework Directive Directive and and Marine Strategy Framework Directive Marine Strategy Framework Directive Marine Strategy Framework Directive Marine Strategy Framework Directive Janja FRANCÉ & Martina ORLANDO BONACA Janja FRANCÉ & Martina ORLANDO BONACA 20 20 May May 2011 2011 photos: MBS staff

WATER FRAMEWORK DIRECTIVE Directive 2000/60/EC WFD was published in December 2000 in the Official Journal of the European • Communities - a milestone in the history of water policies in Europe WFD establishes a framework for the protection of all waters ( inland surface • waters, transitional waters, coastal waters and groundwater ) OBJECTIVES: OBJECTIVES: • • 1. to prevent further deterioration and to protect and to enhances the status of water resources; 2. to promote sustainable water use; 3. to enhance protection and improvement of the aquatic environment, through specific measures for the progressive reduction of discharges; 4. to ensure the progressive reduction of pollution of groundwater and prevent its further pollution; 5. to contribute to mitigating the effects of floods and droughts.

• Overall, WFD aims at achieving good ecological quality status for all waters by 2015 ! • this status is based upon the biological , hydromorphological and physico-chemical quality elements , with the biological elements being elements , with the biological elements being especially important • Coastal waters - from the coast to the distance of one nautical mile • typology of coastal waters (2 types) • 4 water bodies (WB)

• biological quality elements (coastal waters) : – phytoplankton, – macroalgae, – benthic invertebrate fauna • 5 ecological quality classes: – high – good – moderate – poor – bad

• in 2006 the first assessment of the ecological status of Slovenian coastal waters was done => surveillance and operational monitoring started in 2007 7 sampling stations on rocky bottom - MACROALGAE 6 sampling stations on soft bottom - INVERTEBRATES 4 stations for water column sampling - PHYTOPLANKTON

BENTHIC ELEMENTS – Macroalgae and invertebrates The first monitoring results have confirmed the GOOD ecological status of Slovenian coastal waters evaluated with benthic biological elements. EEI Site Weighted EQR WB Site EEI WB VT1 PO8 9 VT2 Iz4 4 SI5VT4 RR1 10 9.00 0.88 Pa2 Pa2 10 10 SD_VT3_P4 VT3 PP4 9.50 Por2 7 SI5VT5 7.84 0.73 SD_VT3_P2 Se1 9 PO8 RR1 Iz4 SD_VT3_P6 VT4 PP4 EQR EQR WB Site Pa2 Site WB SD_VT5_P8 Por2 VT3P2 0.58 Por1 SI5VT3 VT3P4 0.61 0.62 SD_VT5_P7 VT5 Se1 VT3P6 0.66 N VT5P6 0.72 W E SI5VT5 VT5P7 0.69 0.71 SD_VT5_P6 VT5P8 0.72 S 0 4 km

PHYTOPLANKTON – concentration of Chlorophyll a First assessment 2000-2002 VT2 Water body EQR Ecological quality status [SI5VT2] 0,87 HIGH VT3 [SI5VT3] 0,72 GOOD VT4 [SI5VT4] 0,91 HIGH [SI5VT5] 0,89 HIGH VT5 Monitoring 2007 Monitoring 2008 Water body Chl a EQR - Ecological quality Water body Chl a EQR - Ecological quality (µg/l) status (µg/l) status [SI5VT2] 0,87 >1 HIGH [SI5VT2] 0,62 >1 HIGH [SI5VT3] 0,72 0,98 HIGH [SI5VT3] 0,66 >1 HIGH [SI5VT4] 0,91 >1 HIGH [SI5VT4] 0,59 >1 HIGH [SI5VT5] 0,89 >1 HIGH [SI5VT5] 0,52 >1 HIGH

ECOLOGICAL QUALITY STATUS OF SLOVENIAN COASTAL WATER BODIES Monitoring 2007 Water body SI5VT2 SI5VT3 SI5VT4 SI5VT5 Elements_EQR 1,01 0,98 1,21 1,34 Phytoplankton 0,90 0,85 Macroalgae 0,63 0,71 Invertebrates 1,01 0,63 0,90 0,71 EQR_total Ecological status Ecological status HIGH HIGH GOOD GOOD HIGH HIGH GOOD GOOD Monitoring 2008 Water body SI5VT2 SI5VT3 SI5VT4 SI5VT5 Elements_EQR > 1 > 1 > 1 > 1 Phytoplankton 0,85 0,67 Macroalgae 0,61 0,72 Invertebrates > 1 0,61 0,85 0,67 EQR_total Ecological status HIGH MODERATE HIGH GOOD

DEVELOPMENT OF METHODOLOGIES not yet fully developed for the assessment of: • ecological status of phytoplankton, • classes of physico-chemical parameters, • classes of physico-chemical parameters, • ecological status of rocky bottom invertebrates in relation to hydromorphological parameters, • ecological potential of heavily modified water body of Bay of Koper (WT3). • final phase of intercalibration in course

Conceptual Conceptual framework framework • Preparation of the initial assessment of marine waters, according to the analysis of elements of Tabs 1 & 2 of Annex III MSFD � 2012, • Determination of a set of characteristics for Good Environmental Status (GES) � 2012, • Establishment of Environmental Targets & Establishment of Environmental Targets & associated indicators � for the achievement of GES in the marine environment � 2012, • Development, application and testing of methodologies � establishment of monitoring programmes � 2014/2015. • Funds?

Studing qualitative Studing qualitative Descriptors Descriptors for determining for determining GES GES 1. Biological 1. Biological diversity diversity is is maintained maintained. . status of habitat types – bottom structure • and status of communities; open waters? status of species 0 20 m • (phytoplankton, zooplankton, macroalgae, benthic macroalgae, benthic invertebrates, seagrasses). Cymodocea Cymodocea nodosa nodosa Aurelia Aurelia aurita

Descriptors Descriptors GES GES 2. 2. Non Non- -indigenous species indigenous species introduced introduced by by human activities are at levels that do human activities are at levels that do not not adversely adversely alter alter the ecosystem. the ecosystem. negative negative consequences? consequences ? Mnemiopsis leidyi Terapon theraps Terapon theraps Crassostrea Crassostrea gigas gigas Codium fragile Codium fragile fragile fragile Bursatella Bursatella leachii leachii

Descriptors GES Descriptors GES 4. . All elements All elements of of the the marine marine food food webs webs occur at occur at normal normal abundance abundance and and divers diversity ity. . • Phytoplankton � abundance of groups (1990-2010), Pseudo Pseudo- -nitzschia nitzschia sp. sp. abundance of species (2005- 2010), 2010), • Zooplankton � biomass (1992-2002, 2004-2008), • occurrence of jellyfish (> 100 years in NA). • all other groups? • trophic relationships?

Descriptors GES Descriptors GES 5. . Human- Human -induced induced eutrophication eutrophication is is minimised minimised, , especially especially adverse adverse effects effects thereof thereof, , such such as as losses losses in in biodiversity biodiversity, , ecosystem ecosystem degradation degradation, , harmful harmful algae algae blooms blooms & & oxigen oxigen deficiency deficiency in in bottom bottom waters. waters waters waters. . . • Nutrients , transparency, dissolved oxygen (1989- 2010), • phytoplankton – biomass, Chla (1989-2010), • toxic species of phytoplankton (1994-2010), • benthic flora – algae & seagrasses (2006-2010).

Descriptors GES Descriptors GES 6. . Sea Sea floor floor integrity integrity is is at at level level that that ensures ensures that that the the structure structure & & the the functions functions of of the the ecosystems ecosystems are are safeguarded safeguarded. . • Benthic • Benthic invertebrates invertebrates of of sedimentary bottom (2006 - 2011), • BI on rocky bottom (2008 - 2010), • macroalgae on rocky bottom (2006-2010), • seagrasses on sedimentary bottom (2009-2010), • funds for samplings in open waters?

Descriptors GES Descriptors GES 7. . Permanent alterations Permanent alterations of of hydrographical hydrographical conditions conditions does does not not adversely adversely affect affect marine marine ecosystems. ecosystems . • Data analysis � annual and seasonal T regime, speed speed of of currents, currents, wave wave exposure, exposure, characteristics of the mixing water column. characteristics of the mixing water column. • Development of Modeling Tools for S and T of the sea � to evaluate deviations from the average. • Analysis of spatial and temporal distribution of S, nutrients (N and P) and oxygen and pH changes in relation to depth.

Descriptors GES Descriptors GES 7. . Permanent alterations Permanent alterations of of hydrographical hydrographical conditions conditions does does not not adversely adversely affect affect marine marine ecosystems ecosystems. .