Rocketdyne Follow-On Health Study 6-8 April 2005 Overview Who was - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Rocketdyne Follow-On Health Study 6-8 April 2005 Overview

Who was in the study? 54,384 Rocketdyne Workers from 1948-1999 6,601 Short Term (< 6 mo.) 46,970 813 Insufficient Eligible Workers Identifying Information or Not Employee 5,801 8,372 32,979 Radiation Chemical Group Comparison Group Group * (SSFL)* (Canoga Park etc) 99.2% of eligible workers as of 12/31/99 were traced *182 workers included in both groups

What were the two types of radiation exposure? External Internal Uniform dose Non uniform dose Delivered during exposure Protracted in time Film (TLD) badge reading Bioassay measurements

How many people were in the radiation group? Total in Group: Total in Group: Both Internal Both Internal 5,801 5,801 and External and External Exposure: Exposure: 2,174 2,174 Only External Only External Exposure: 3,569 Exposure: 3,569 Only Internal Only Internal Exposure: 58 Exposure: 58 *182 workers in the radiation group also worked on test stands *182 workers in the radiation group also worked on test stands

Potential Chemical Exposure Characterized by Years Worked • Work at SSFL • Work as Test Stand Mechanic – Exposure to “Test Stand Environment”, including chemical mixture of fuels, oxidizers, exhaust gasses, solvents and other chemicals – Hydrazines – TCE as a “Utility Solvent” – TCE as a “Flush Solvent”

Nine Discussion Sessions

How many SSFL workers were potentially exposed to chemicals as test stand mechanics?

Worker Groups 40,000 32,979 Number of Workers 30,000 20,000 8,372 5,801 10,000 0 Radiation Group Chemical (SSFL) Other Workers Group

Rocketdyne workers had a lower risk of death than the general population of California 11,118 All Causes 12,816 All Non-Cancer 7,929 9,368 Causes 3,189 All Cancers 3,448 1,068 Lung Cancer 1,098 Observed 61 Liver Cancer 90 Expected - based on mortality 124 rates for California Leukemia 126 0 2,000 4,000 6,000 8,000 10,000 12,000 14,000 Number of Deaths

Rocketdyne radiation workers had a lower risk of death than the general population of California 1,468 All Causes 1,870 All Non-Cancer 1,012 1,365 Causes 456 All Cancers 505 151 Lung Cancer Observed 169 Expected - based on mortality Leukemia 18 rates for California 16 not CLL 0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600 1800 2000 Number of Deaths

Most radiation workers received very low exposures 3,803 4,000 3,500 No. of Employees in Study 3,000 2,500 2,000 1,500 1012 651 1,000 166 100 500 69 0 < 5 5-9 10-49 50-99 100-199 ≥ 200 External Radiation Dose (mSv) 1 mSv = 100 mrem

What was the effect of including pre- and post-Rocketdyne radiation dose? 180 Dose Only at Rocketdyne 160 Number of Workers Total Dose, including pre- and 140 post-employment at Rocketdyne 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 50- 100- > 200 _ External Dose (mSv) 1 mSv = 100 mrem

Interpreting Dose Response Graphs Increasing RR - Noteworthy Results are presented with the Confidence Interval: Comparison Group • The confidence interval is the Dose range of possible Relative Risk (RR) values. Flat RR – No Association • A Confidence Interval that does not contain 1.0 is Comparison statistically significant. Group Dose Upper Confidence Limit Decreasing RR Relative Risk (RR) Value Comparison Group Lower Confidence Limit Dose

No evidence that radiation increased the risk of dying from cancer (excluding leukemia) 3.0 13 cancers Relative Risk among 100 5 cancers 95% Confidence Limits workers among 63 workers 2.0 Relative Risk 93 cancers 8 cancers 258 cancers 54 cancers 2,635 cancers among 3,928 among 601 among 949 among 160 among 41,169 workers workers workers workers workers 1.0 0.0 Not Monitored < 5 5-9 10-49 50-99 100-199 ≥ 200 External Radiation Dose (mSv) 10 year lag 1 mSv = 100 mrem

No evidence that radiation increased the risk of dying from lung cancer 4.0 5 cancers among 102 Relative Risk workers 95% Confidence Limits 3.0 Relative Risk 2.0 96 cancers 17 cancers 28 cancers 5 cancers among 3,852 among 561 among 976 among 310 917 cancers workers workers workers workers among 41,169 workers 1.0 0.0 Not Monitored < 5 5-9 10-49 50-199 ≥ 200 Dose to Lung (mSv) 10 year lag 1 mSv = 100 mrem

Suggestive, although not statistically significant, evidence that radiation increased the risk of dying from leukemia 14 Relative Risk 13 1 cancer in the 50 – 99 range 2 cancers 0 cancers in the 100 – 199 range 95% Confidence Limits among 334 12 1 cancer in the > 200 range workers 11 10 1 cancer 9 Relative Risk among 753 workers 8 2 cancers 4 cancers among 993 7 among 636 workers workers 6 9 cancers 5 among 3,085 4 workers 80 cancers 3 among 41,169 2 workers 1 0 Not Monitored 0 > 0-4 5-9 10-49 ≥ 50 Dose to Bone Marrow (mSv) 1 mSv = 100 mrem Excludes chronic lymphocytic leukemia

Radiation Summary Findings Radiation exposure has not caused a detectable increase in cancer deaths among Rocketdyne workers – Mean dose was low – There were no significant trends between radiation dose and any cancer, including lung cancer – Suggestive trend for leukemia was based on small numbers (18 observed v 15.5 expected) and trend was not statistically significant

SSFL workers (Chemical Group) had a lower risk of death than the general population of California 2,251 All Causes 2,715 All Non-Cancer 1,596 1,979 Causes 655 All Cancers 736 215 Lung Cancer 241 Observed 23 Expected - based on mortality Leukemia 27 rates for California 0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 Number of Deaths

No evidence that working at SSFL increased the risk of dying from all cancers combined 2.0 Relative Risk Relative Risk (All Cancers) 95% Confidence Limits 405 cancers 204 cancers 48 cancers among 5,637 among 2,197 among 538 2,086 cancers workers workers workers among 32,979 workers 1.0 0.0 Comparison Group < 5 yr 5-14 yr ≥ 15 yr (Other than SSFL Workers) Years Worked at SSFL

Test stand mechanics had a lower risk of death than the general population of California 570 All Causes 650 All Non-Cancer 396 476 Causes 174 All Cancers 174 63 Lung Cancer 60 8 Observed Kidney Cancer 5 Expected - based on mortality 8 rates for California Leukemia 7 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 Number of Deaths

No evidence that working as a test stand mechanic increased the risk of dying from all cancers combined 2.0 35 cancers 81 cancers 58 cancers Relative Risk among 368 among 800 among 474 95% Confidence Limits workers workers workers Relative Risk (All Cancers) 151 cancers among 1,598 workers 1.0 0.0 Comparison Group < 1 yr 1-4 yr ≥ 5 yr (SSFL Not a Test Stand Mechanic) Years Worked as a Test Stand Mechanic

No evidence that working as a test stand mechanic increased the risk of dying from lung cancer 2.0 10 cancers 31 cancers 22 cancers Relative Risk among 368 among 800 among 474 Relative Risk (Lung Cancer) 95% Confidence Limits workers workers workers 59 cancers among 1,598 workers 1.0 0.0 Comparison Group < 1 yr 1-4 yr ≥ 5 yr (SSFL Not a Test Stand Mechanic) Years Worked as a Test Stand Mechanic

Classification of potential exposure to hydrazines among test stand mechanics based on job title and test stand 1,598 1600 No. of Male Employees in Study 920 1200 800 400 205 156 159 0 Comparison None Possible but < 1.5 yr ≥ 1.5 yr Group Unlikely* (SSFL Not Test Stand Mechanic) Years of Potential Exposure to Hydrazines *Most workers (>90%) did not work with hydrazines but could not be distinguished

Test stand mechanics potentially exposed to hydrazines had a lower risk of death overall but slight increased risk of dying from cancer compared to the general population of California 101 All Causes 114 68 All Non-Cancer 84 Causes 33 All Cancers 30 15 Observed Lung Cancer 10 Expected - based on mortality rates for California 2 Kidney Cancer 1 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 Number of Deaths

No evidence that test stand mechanics with potential exposure to hydrazines had an increased risk of dying from all cancers combined 17 cancers Relative Risk 24 cancers among 156 among 205 workers 95% Confidence Limits workers Relative Risk (All Cancers) 16 cancers 2.0 among 159 workers 92 cancers among 920 151 cancers workers among 1,598 workers 1.0 0.0 Comparison Group No Hydrazines Possible but Unlikely < 1.5 yr ≥ 1.5 yr (SSFL Not Test Stand Mechanic) Years of Potential Exposure to Hydrazines

Little evidence that test stand mechanics with potential exposure to hydrazines had an increased risk of dying from lung cancers 3.0 13 cancers 7 cancers 8 cancers Relative Risk among 205 among 156 among 159 95% Confidence Limits workers workers workers Relative Risk (Lung Cancer) 2.0 30 cancers 59 cancers among 920 among 1,598 workers workers 1.0 0.0 Comparison Group No Hydrazines Possible but Unlikely < 1.5 yr ≥ 1.5 yr (SSFL Not Test Stand Mechanic) Years of Potential Exposure to Hydrazines