Restoration and return of mangroves and fisheries in abandoned - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Restoration and return of mangroves and fisheries in abandoned aquaculture farms Regional Colloquium on Mangrove Restoration Chennai 30-31 Aug. 2012 Dr.V.Selvam M.S.Swaminathan Research Foundation Chennai

Coastal Aquaculture – Indian Scenario  Shrimp farming started in late 1980s  Currently 1.4 lakhs shrimp farms; small scale in nature  Semi-intensive system of shrimp farming  2006-07 Production rate 8.4% per annum ; about 1 million tons  2009-10 Reduced to 0.70 million tons in  Major causes outbreak of viral disease increased input coast poor environmental management

 Shrimp farms abandoned in large scale  Impact on shrimp farming families - high  Major questions How to make shrimp farming environmentally and economically sustainable? Is there any way to integrate shrimp farming with mangrove cultivation? Integrated Mangrove Fishery Farming system

IMFFS : integrates cultivation of mangroves and culture of fish Outlet B Additional space for U Fish/ Mangrove plantation N Crab D Inlet Tidal flow Halophytes can also grown as cash crops Inner bund with mangroves

Pilot farm developed near Pichavaram in Tamil Nadu Started in 2006 Inlet Inner bunds Outlet partnership with a private farmer – SSS Marine Farms

Grow out area For fish, crab Mangrove plantation

Halophytes

During high tide During low tide

April 2009

June 2010

Harvest of fish from integrated seawater farming system

Species name In kg Average Per KG cost Rs/- Scylla serrata Crabs 83 250 20750 Lates calcarifer (Sea bass) 15 180 2700 Eels 8 60 420 Croakers 15 25 375 Mullets 15 30 450 Penaeus monodon Prawns 2 175 350 Total 138 25045.00

II Model with earthen mounds Tidal water outlet Water spread area for fish culture Tidal water Inlet Halophytes can also grown as cash crops on top of mounds Slopes of the mounds for mangrove plantation

Pilot testing

Advantages  Tidal fed ponds - Zero energy  No artificial feed and No chemicals  Suitable for mangrove crab culture – after a period of 3 to 4 years  Less carbon foot print in shrimp farming – Aquaculture Authority of India  Suitable to restore abandoned shrimp – which can not be reclaimed for agriculture  Increase in adaptive capacity of the coastal community to cope up the salinization

Recommendation Successful models of linking biodiversity conservation and livelihood enhancement need to documented, communicated and facilitated for large scale replication as a state programme through appropriate policy ( example: land distribution to poor for IMFFS) and capacity building