Report on healthy food availability and assessment of Seattles - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Report on healthy food availability and assessment of Seattle’s Food Bank Network 2/27/2019 Nadine Chan, PhD, MPH, Jesse Jones-Smith, PhD, MPH, and Kaylin Bolt, MPH, MSW 1

Overview 1. What is “access” to healthy food and what do Seattle maps show? 2. Price and availability of healthy food in Seattle stores 3. Meeting the need: the food bank network 2

Evolution of concept of healthy food access Multiple dimension Research of healthy food suggest food Healthy Food access; desert limited Financing association Food desert Initiative to “Food desert” Healthy food with diet & defined in term introduced address food priority area index health US Farm Bill deserts in Scotland (Baltimore Report) outcomes 2018 2019 2017 2012 1990s 2008 2010 It’s not just physical distance to a supermarket 3

Mapping access to healthy food Map at right: Healthy Food Priority Areas (HFPA) show where three food access factors overlap Fac actors 1. At least 25% of households live below 200% of the Federal Poverty Level 2. Time to nearest healthy food retailers is at least 10 minutes 3. High percentage of food retailers without produce section 4 Public Health – Seattle and King County, Assessment, Policy Development, and Evaluation, 2018 USDA 2017 https://www.ers.usda.gov/data-products/food-access-research-atlas/go-to-the-atlas/

SECTION 3: Price and availability of healthy food in Seattle stores 5

FOOD PRICES AND AVAILABILITY STUDY GOALS THE GOALS Ass ssess th the pric ice and availability ty of healthy food in Seattle by neig ighborhood ch characteristics (e.g., race, income). THE BASICS In In-person su surveys of f food stores th throughout t Seattle to measure the availability and price of health thy food it items. s. 6

FOOD PRICES AND AVAILABILITY DATA COLLECTION Grocery Small Warehouses & Drug Supermarkets stores stores superstores stores 7

FOOD PRICES AND AVAILABILITY STORE SAMPLE 134 Seattle food stores surveyed 27% of all food stores in Seattle 8

FOOD PRICES AND AVAILABILITY DATA COLLECTION Fruit Veg egetables Protein Milk ilk Grains 1% milk Apples Broccoli Wheat bread Beans 2% milk Bananas Carrots White bread Eggs Fat-free milk Oranges Green Frosted flakes cereal Lean meat Whole milk Lettuce Cheerios Tomatoes Rice Onions He Healt lth Foo ood Avail ilability Sc Score = 1-2 points for having each of these foods Range 0-25 25 9

FOOD AVAILABILITY AVERAGE SCORE BY STORE TYPE 16.2 pts 6.8 pts 20.6 pts 9.5 pts 19.0 pts Warehouse & Grocery Drug Small Supermarkets superstores stores stores stores 10 10

FOOD AVAILABILITY AVERAGE SCORE BY INCOME 10.98 pts 8.58 pts 12.80 pts Highest Middle Lowest income group income group income group Stores in high income neighborhoods had 4 more healthy foods on average, i.e. 50% more healthy foods 11 11

FOOD AVAILABILITY AVERAGE SCORE BY RACE 11.05 pts 11.90 pts 9.29 pts Highest Intermediate Lowest % Black or % Black or % Black or Hispanic Hispanic Hispanic Stores in neighborhoods with fewer black or Hispanic residents had ~3 more healthy foods , i.e. 30% more healthy foods 12 12

FOOD AVAILABILITY BY COUNCIL DISTRICT 7.69 pts 13.48 pts 13.15 pts 11.26 pts 12.58 pts 9.14 pts 7.91 pts Map credit: Seattle.gov/CityClerk 13 13

FOOD PRICES RESULTS SUMMARY Except for fruit, the average price of healthy foods tended to be lower in lower income & neighborhoods with higher proportion Black or Hispanic. Most differences likely not statistically significant 14 14

FOOD AVAILABILITY AND PRICES KEY TAKEAWAYS Lower-income & The price of healthy There was lower Mean healthy food neighborhoods foods tended to be availability of healthy availability scores with more Black or lower or similar in foods in lower- varied by Council Hispanic residents lower-income & income & and District , with had fewer neighborhoods with neighborhoods with District 5 & 2 having supermarkets and more Black or more Black or lowest scores superstores and Hispanic residents. Hispanic residents. more small stores . Differences likely not statistically significant. 15 15

Meeting the need: The food bank network 16 16

FOOD BANK NETWORK THE GOALS Estim imate Assess Id Identif ify 3 1 2 need need capacity opportunities Who in Seattle is To what extent is the food How can the network experiencing food bank network able to improve equitable access insecurity? serve this population? to health food? 17 17

Who is experiencing food insecurity? While estimates vary across data sources, we saw con onsistent patterns among gr groups commonly reporting food insecurity People Lower Less LGB of color income educated identified Families Older with young adults children 18 18

FOOD BANK NETWORK SAMPLE FOOD BANKS MET INCLUSION CRITERIA Actively operating Distributing food on-site more than once a month Located within Seattle limits or serving many Seattle residents 19 19

FOOD BANK NETWORK DATA COLLECTION ele lectronic su survey staff in intervie iews client dis clie iscuss ssions 25 25 7 13 13 Engli En lish Non on Eng ngli lish • • Young adult Spanish • • African-American Vietnamese • • General Cantonese • Russian 20 20

FOOD BANK NETWORK DATA COLLECTION TOPICS COVERED Resources Sufficiency Accessibility Impact 21 21

FOOD BANK NETWORK RESULTS Im Impact IM IMPACT CT The network provides a cri ritical food safety net, while also providing a connection to services and a sense of community. 15,000 22 million Each year & indiv ivid iduals are Lbs. s. of f food provided served per se r food bank by y the network 22 22

FOOD BANK NETWORK RESULTS Demand IMPACT IM CT The network is seeing a ri rise in in need, particularly: older adults, homeless, and those further north and south of Seattle. 60% 60% Reso source We’re seeing an increase from rising cost of rent & constraints result 84% 84% FOOD BANKS REPORT healthcare, aging population, in in reduced quali lity in increase in in FOOD BANKS more people experiencing report: & quantit ity of f food cli lient vis isits homelessness.” - Food bank staff member 23 23

FOOD BANK NETWORK RESULTS Ability to meet demand IM IMPACT CT The food bank network lacks necessary resources to meet demand, namely staffing, g, vehicles, food, fu funding, g, and sp space. average of f 3 full fu ll-tim ime 84% 84% • predictable long term funding FOOD BANKS REPORT • fu fundin ing finding opportunities • operational expenses dif iffi ficulties • resource heavy fundraisers 24 24

FOOD BANK NETWORK RESULTS Client Priorities IM IMPACT CT Food bank clients emphasize wanting a dig ignified experience, food safety, quality and convenient access. It’s useful if food banks are open on Friday because then I know at least from Friday to Tuesday or Wednesday I will have food. Most places aren’t open on weekends so from Friday [on], I am trying to ensure I can make it at least through the weekend if not a little longer .” -Food bank client (Council District 3) 25 25

FOOD BANK NETWORK RESULTS Gaps in Access IM IMPACT CT Analysis of distribution hours revealed: o Weekend and evenings hours are limited • Lack of morning access in Districts 4, 5, and 6 • Lack of afternoon access in Districts 1 and 5 • Lack of evening access Districts 1, 2, 3, 5, and 7 o Council Districts 5 and 4 have fewest hours (proportional to need) 26 26

FOOD BANK NETWORK GAP ANALYSIS Co Comparin ing Co Council il Dis istric icts by dis istrib ibutio ion avail ilabil ilit ity and le level l of f adult lt food ins insecurit ity 27 27

FOOD BANK NETWORK KEY TAKEAWAYS Opportunities to improve equitable access IM IMPACT CT Exp xpand clien client ch choi oice Increase In e purchasing power In Increase e mob obil ilit ity In Inves est in in op operational l cos osts ts: • Staffing and salaries Coordinated systems through the grocery store to improve cultural • Building space of distribution to model to create a more relevancy of healthy food • Purchasing power target areas of most dignified experience provided need 28 28