REGIONAL CONSORTIUM FOR THE PROMOTION OF EQUITY: WOMEN OF THE STATE OF MINAS GERAIS MULHERES DAS GERAIS A bilateral project financed by the CANADIAN INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT AGENCY (CIDA) 2006-2010
PRESENTATION SUMMARY Metropolitan and regional challenges Canada-Brazil Cooperation: New Public Consortia Brazil in perspective Gender inequality in Brazil The new legal framework The Consortium ‘Mulheres das Gerais’ Recommendations Final comments
Metropolitan and regional challenges Lack of Lack of Environmental degradation Environmental degradation infrastructure infrastructure Social Social exclusion exclusion Uncontrolled urban growth Uncontrolled urban growth
MUNICIPALITY C Metropolitan and regional challenges MUNICIPALITY B MUNICIPALITY A
Metropolitan and regional challenges • 81% of the population of Brazil lives in urban areas. • The gap between rich and poor is one of the highest in the world. • There is a lack of specific legislation to stimulate cooperation between municipalities to address issues collaboratively.
Canada-Brazil Cooperation: New Public Consortia New Public Consortia for Metropolitan Governance April 2006 to March 2010 • a 4 year partnership between the University of British Columbia (Canada) and Brazil’s Ministry of Cities. • Goal: to stimulate inter-municipal and federative collaboration. • funded through the Knowledge Exchange through Equity Promotion (KEEP) program of the Canadian International Development Agency (CIDA). • Ministry of Cities and other federal and municipal partners in Brazil are responsible for support to regional consortia.
Canada-Brazil Cooperation: New Public Consortia Objectives • To support the development of new public consortia in five metropolitan areas: Belo Horizonte, Fortaleza, Recife, Santarém and Santo André (São Paulo MA); • To test and develop new mechanisms for consortiation by applying them to collaborative urban recovery projects at the regional/metropolitan level; • To formulate, on the basis of learning from experience in the five metropolitan areas, national guidelines for organizing locally appropriate consortia for dealing with social exclusion in metropolitan areas; • To strengthen the capacity of municipalities and associations of municipalities, as well as social movements, to contribute to dissemination and implementation of public consortia for social inclusion.
Canada-Brazil Cooperation: New Public Consortia • Santarém • Fortaleza • Recife • Belo Horizonte • Santo André
Canada-Brazil Cooperation: New Public Consortia Expected Outcomes • Institutional capacity in five metropolitan regions: � To work collaboratively at regional/metropolitan level to fight social exclusion and attend to the basic needs of vulnerable populations; � To plan at regional/metropolitan level public polices that improve the quality of life of these populations. • Strengthened capacity in civil society to participate in integrated metropolitan/regional collaborative planning actions and programs. • Manuals, proposals for procedures at national level to form public consortia at regional / metropolitan level.
Brazil in perspective Population 183.9 million Women 51% Men 49%
Gender inequality in Brazil Brazilian women – who are we? • Women make up 51.2% of the population of whom 46% are black or mulatto. This equals 89 million women, of whom 85.4% live in urban regions. • Percentage of increase in the aging population: 1.63% per year. • In 2004, women in the reproductive age category (between 15 and 49 years) made up 49.1% of the population.
Gender inequality in Brazil Brazilian women – who are we? • National economically active population rate is 62% (73.2% for men and 51.6% for women). • In urban areas the national rate is 60.5% (71.2% for men and 50.8% for women) whereas in rural areas the rate is 70% (82.2% for men and 56.4% for women).
Gender inequality in Brazil Education of men and women aged 7- 24 years old: white, black & mulatto (years of schooling) EDUCATION INDICATOR:
Gender inequality in Brazil Unemployment rate by race and sex - Brazil, 2003 EMPLOYMENT INDICATOR: Women and blacks have a harder time finding employment, regardless of whether a job is in the formal or informal sector. The graph above illustrates higher unemployment rates for these two demographic groups.
Gender inequality in Brazil THE HOUSEHOLD Proportion of households that are headed by women INDICATOR: 2000 1991 % % 1.7 – 10 1.7 – 10 10 – 15 10 – 15 15 – 20 15 – 20 20 – 42.7 20 – 48.3 Source: IBGE, Demographic Census 1991 and 2000.
Gender inequality in Brazil In the World COST OF VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN • One of every 5 missed workdays is a result of violence suffered by women in their household. INDICATOR: • Domestic violence will reduce a woman’s healthy life by 1 year in every 5. In Latin America and the Carribean Region • Domestic violence affects between 25% and 50% of all woman. • Domestic violence costs over 14% of the GDP of the region, totalling approximately US$170 billion per year.
Gender inequality in Brazil COST OF VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN Gender violence statistics for Brazil INDICATOR: • 70% of all crimes against women occur in the household and are committed by the husband or partner. • Domestic violence costs over 10% of the country’s GDP per year.
Gender inequality in Brazil Gender violence statistics for Brazil COST OF VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN • An estimated 2.1 million women suffer physical abuse each year. INDICATOR: • One in every five women has admitted suffering some kind of abuse by men. Every 15 seconds a women is physically abused by men. • Data shows that the agression against women is perpetrated by men across social classes and in all regions. • 43% of all women feel that creating shelter houses for battered women and their dependants is the most important policy to fight violence against woman. • 74% of all women feel that shelter houses should be in the top three of all public policies to protect women.
Data on violence against women in the municipality of Belo Horizonte Gender inequality in Brazil WOMEN VIOLENCE AGAINST INDICATOR:
The new legal framework New Public Consortia Law • ... Art. 241: the Union, the States, the Federal District and Municipalities will enact laws to implement public consortia and cooperation ‘ convênios ’, between federative entities, authorizing the associated management of public services, as well as total or partial transference of tasks, services, personnel and assets essential to the continuity of the transferred services; • Law 11.107/05: defines the constitutional instrument establishing procedures and creating juridical institutions; • Decree 6017/07: defines details and procedures for these institutions and establish criteria for their implementation.
The new legal framework Law 11.340/06 – Law Maria da Penha Title III, Chapter I: About the Prevention and integrated measures • Art 8º: Public policy that aims to fight domestic and family violence against women will be implemented through a a group of articulated actions between the Union, States and Municipalities as well as inter- institutional actions, aiming for: � VI. The enactment of convênios , protocols and agreements, and other instruments which promote partnership between governmental entities having as a goal the implementation of programs to erradicate domestic and family violence against women.
The new legal framework INTERNATIONAL PACT The Millenium Goals In 2006, Belo Horizonte was designated by the United Nations to participate in the Program ‘Localizing the Development of the Millennium Objectives’. Since then, a series of indicators were defined to monitor implementation of the Millennium Goals .
The Consortium ‘Mulheres das Gerais’ LOCATION METROPOLITAN REGION OF BELO HORIZONTE
The Consortium ‘Mulheres das Gerais’ Rationale for a Consortiated Approach • Achieving gender equality and women’s autonomy is rooted in eliminating asymmetrical perceptions related to men’s and women’s participation in social and economic structures. • Before the creation of the Consortium ‘Mulheres das Gerais’, the municipalities of Belo Horizonte, Betim, Contagem and Sabará had already developed isolated actions related to women’s policies but with limited scope and range. • Even when implementing women’s policies, the municipalities did not have enough resources, and those that had used them in a scattered, discontinuous manner.
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