Presentation Outline 1. Introduction/background An overview of - PDF document

10/10/2012 Reflection and Sharing on Implementation Of the Hanoi and Bali Recommendations 5 th ASEAN Forum on Migrant Labour 9-10 October 2012 Siem Reap, Cambodia Presentation Outline 1. Introduction/background • An overview of labour migration in the ASEAN • ASEAN labour migration framework • Objective, scope of the paper • Methodology 2. Progress in implementing recommendations • In the areas of information services; harmony in host countries; return and reintegration and sustainable alternatives 3. Summary and conclusions 1

10/10/2012 1.1 Overview of labour migration in ASEAN • Labour migration in the region is expected to continue due to demographic evolution, labour shortages, economic disparities. • Around14 million migrant workers from ASEAN region are working across the globe and of this number, almost 6 million are working within ASEAN states (World Bank 2012, UNDP 2010, UNHCR 2011, PRB 2010) • 3 countries host 90% of intra-ASEAN migrants – Thailand, Malaysia and Singapore (TFAMW); other significant destinations are South Korea, Taiwan, Hong Kong in Asia, and the Middle East. Overview of labour migration in ASEAN Total Stock of Foreign Workers in Malaysia as of February 2010 Sector Country Domestic workers Construction Manufacturing Services Plantation Agriculture Total Indonesia 203,225 192,789 198,643 38,684 202,156 82,435 917,932 Bangladesh 18 61,303 170,332 27,002 30,599 18,112 307,366 Nepal 84 3,785 135,764 26,901 1,621 7,655 175,810 India 236 5,002 13,866 47,021 16,675 30,997 113,797 Philippines 9,657 1,031 1,915 2,944 1,489 1,604 18,640 Pakistan 11 5,922 2,217 1,593 1,244 12,002 22,989 Thailand 346 811 893 4,588 57 407 7,102 Cambodia 9,166 92 2,353 218 137 125 12,091 Vietnam 901 3,021 68,433 2,018 28 441 74,842 Myanmar 118 13,542 92,135 22,654 2,211 9,600 140,260 Laos 2 7 16 3 1 28 57 China 15 1,303 935 6,592 36 13 8,894 Sri Lanka 753 69 1,382 665 128 417 3,414 Uzbekistan 0 0 0 4 0 0 4 Kazakhstan 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 Others 11 45 2 3 0 0 61 Total 224,544 288,722 688,886 180,890 256,382 163,836 1,803,260 Source: Immigration Department, Ministry of Home Affairs, Malaysia, 2010 2

10/10/2012 Overview of labour migration in ASEAN Total Number of Migrants from Myanmar, Lao PDR and Cambodia Registered in Thailand in 2010 Nationality Labourers Domestic Workers Total Male Female Total Male Female Total Burmese 430,336 310,877 741,213 13,265 58,506 71,771 812,984 Laotian 27,664 22,626 50,290 2,164 10,338 12,502 62,792 Cambodian 33,267 19,559 52,826 1,022 2,631 3,653 56,479 491,267 353,062 844,329 16,451 71,525 87,926 932,255 Total Source: Ministry of Labour, Thailand, 2010 Overview of labour migration in ASEAN • Feminization of migration Female migrants account for a half of all migrants globally and over 40% in Asia • Gender division of labour and vulnerabilities of women migrant workers Both women and men low wage and undocumented workers are vulnerable to labour exploitation. But their occupations (and migration experience) differ: Domestic work, entertainment industry, nursing: female Agriculture/fishing, construction, manufacturing: male 3

10/10/2012 R atific ation of Inte r national Instr ume nts r e Migr ation in ASE AN BRUNEI CAMB. INDONES. LAO PDR. MALAY. MYAN. PHILIPPI. SINGAPO. THAI. VIETNAM . UN 2004(S) 2012(a) 2004(S) 1995 MWC (a) ILO C29 1969 1964 1950 1957 1955 2005 1965 1969 2007 ILO C87 1999 1998 1998 1955 1953 ILO C97 1964* 2009 ILO C98 1999 1957 1957 1961 1953 1965 ILO C100 1999 2008 1958 1997 1953 2002 1999 1997 ILO C105 1999 1999 1958(d) 1960 1965(d) 1969 ILO C111 1999 2008 1999 1960 1997 ILO C138 2011 1999 2005 1999 1997 1998 2005 2004 2003 ILO C143 2006 ILO C181 ILO C182 2008 2006 2005 2000 2000 2000 2001 2001 2000 ILO C189 2012 PALERMO 2007 2009(a) 2003 2009(a) 2004(a) 2002 2001 2012(a) PROTOCOL (s) CEDAW 2006 (a) 1992 (a) 1984 (a) 1981 (a) 1995 (a) 1997 (a) 1981 (a) 1995 (a) 1985 (a) 1982 (a) CRC 1995 (a) 1992 (a) 1990 (a) 1991 (a) 1995 (a) 1991 (a) 1990 (a) 1995 (a) 1992 (a) 1990 (a) 1.Background/introduction (contd) 1.2 ASEAN labour migration framework • Labour migration is included in 2 out of 3 ASEAN Blueprints. The Economic Blueprint calls for the free flow of skilled labour while the Socio-cultural Blueprint provides for the protection and promotion of the rights of MWs • In January 2007 the Heads of States of the ASEAN MS adopted the ASEAN Declaration on the Protection and Promotion of the rights of MWs in Cebu, the Philippines • The ASEAN Committee on the Implementation of the Declaration (ACMW) was established in September 2008 4

10/10/2012 1. Background/introduction cont. • One of the activities under the ACMW is the ASEAN Migrant Labour Forum (AFML). AFML is an annual event of the ACMW, participated in by MS, workers and employers organizations and CSOs. 1.3 Scope, purpose and methodology: At the 4 th AFML at Bali in 2011 it was agreed on the need to share • information and reflect in the next forum on progress in implementation of the recommendations thus far. • The purpose of the paper is to list and take stock of the various activities, experiences, good practices and challenges of various stake-holders in implementing the Hanoi 2010 and Bali 2011 AFML Recommendations. • Methodology: Sharing template; 4 national preparatory meetings and desk review. • Not intended to make an in-depth assessment nor is it a list of all activities carried out. 2. Progress in Implementation 2.1 Provision of Quality Information & Services • Legislative reforms and updating of national policy • Recent efforts to adjust national policy frameworks-Cambodia, Myanmar, the Philippines, Lao PDR, Thailand. • Accessibility of information: • Steps have been taken in countries of origin re pre- employment information services and pre-departure orientation – Vietnam, Cambodia, Indonesia, Thailand, Philippines – and on-site provision in most destination countries . • Involvement of CSOs and trade unions 5

10/10/2012 2.1 Information and services • Creating/tapping champions/volunteers at community and local government levels (community volunteers in Indonesia; Best PAIR in the Philippines; Labour Volunteer and ‘Door-Knock’ campaign in Thailand) • Establishment/enhancement of Migrant Resource Centres (Vietnam; Cambodia; Malaysia, Singapore) • Remaining challenge: quality assurance and assessment • Availability and accessibility of complaint mechanisms: There are complaints mechanisms destination countries and some origin countries and support services to avail of CM have been established or in the process. Their coverage and effectiveness with regards to isolated work-sites and recruitment needs to be assessed and enhanced. 2.1 Information and services cont. • Labour attaches appointed to provide information and respond to complaints of migrants (Philippines-37; Thailand-13; Indonesia-11; Vietnam-9; Myanmar-2). Consular services for migrants available in the absence of a labour attaché (with a few countries with both) • Table 1. ASEAN Countries with Labour Attachés Appointed to Certain Destinations (next slide) 6

10/10/2012 2.1 Information and services Country Number of Labour Countries / Territories of assignment Attachés Indonesia 11 Japan; Jordan; Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; Kuwait; Malaysia; Qatar; Singapore; South Korea; Syria; Taiwan (Province of China); and UAE Myanmar 2 South Korea and Thailand Philippines 37 Asia (12) : Hong Kong, SAR (2); Singapore (2); Japan; South Korea; Malaysia; Brunei; Taiwan (Province of China) (Taipei; Kaohsiung; Taichung); Macau, SAR; Thailand (vacant). Middle East and Africa (17) : Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (Riyadh; Al-Khobar; Unaizah/CRO; Jeddah [2]); UAE (Abu Dhabi; Dubai); Bahrain; Qatar (2); Oman; Kuwait (2); Israel; Lebanon; Syria; Libya; Jordan (vacant) Europe, Americas &Trust Territories (8) : Italy (Rome; Milan); Spain; Cyprus; UK and Ireland; USA; Canada (Vancouver; Toronto; Ottawa [vacant]); Saipan, CMNI (vacant) Thailand 13 Brunei Darussalam; Germany; Hong Kong SAR; Israel; Japan; Republic of Korea; Malaysia; Saudi Arabia (2 offices); Singapore; Taiwan (Province of China) (2 offices); and Switzerland. Vietnam 9 Malaysia, Japan, South Korea, Taiwan (Province of China), Czech Republic, UAE, Libya, Qatar and Saudi Arabia. 2.1Information and services • Stakeholder engagement increasing on policy development and on information campaigns • Sharing of good practices on information and services and cooperation on capacity and confidence building by national, regional stakeholders and international organizations: Good collaboration on AFML led by ACMW and supported actively by TFAMW and ILO as well as IOM and UNW; ILO tripartite GMS and ASEAN projects supported respectively by AusAID and CIDA; IOM, UN Women and World Bank actions; CLMV workshop – DOLE, the Philippines; Decent Work for MWs workshop – MOLISA, Vietnam. 7