PIONE ONEERIN ERING G NEW W FRON ONTIERS IERS AND D NEW W CL CLIMAT MATIC IC REGIO GIONS NS WI WITH H EXISTIN ISTING G BC BC VARIETIE RIETIES Aleksandr Yareshchenko Deputy director of scientific work, PhD, currants breeder, Institute of Horticulture of the NAAS, Kyiv, Ukraine
Structure of small fruit crop plantations in Ukraine* blackberry blueberry 50 ha 400 ha 0,2 % gooseberry 2 % blue honeysuckle 1000 ha 10 ha 4,7 % 0 % black & red strawberry 9000 ha currants 42,5 % 5300 ha 25 % raspberry 5400 ha 25,5 % * - official figure, small home orchards included, 2012
Climatic zones of fruit growing, Ukraine Territory of Ukraine is characterized by diversity of climatic and soil max t +34 … 36 0 С conditions that vary from wetlands to the west of precipitation 650-700 mm Polissya to dry in the southern Steppe regions max t +38 … 42 0 С precipitation 260-380 mm
Black currant in Ukraine • Total acreage – 5300 hectare (2012) • Small fruit farms – 2400 hectare • Average yield in small fruit farms – 7 ton/ha • Total yield – 35 000 ton (2012) • 30 black currant cultivars are presented in National Register (all - from local breeding programs!) • Institute of Horticulture NAAS – owner of 14 bc cultivars
Suitability of Ukrainian regions for sustainable black currant growing* Regions – bc for fresh market suitable Regions – bc for processing limited suitable non-suitable
Main regions of black currant growing in Ukraine* *- including red currant (around 5-7% of total acreage)
Trends in Ukrainian BC growing industry – well tried varieties & new regions • Environ ironmen mental tal fr friendliness ndliness and d ada daptabi ptability lity the most popular varieties that can consistently produce fruit in different soil and climatic zones with minimal apply of pesticides (max. 2-3 treatments) • Growers ers like ke to to p plan ant t blac ack k cu curran ant t in non-sui suitable table region ions s – on the South and South-East of Ukraine . There is permanent shortage of bc berries on the market of mentioned regions heat resistant varieties + additional expenses to maintain + risks still possible • Dessert ssert variet ieties ies are e pr prefe ferable rable all-purpose consumption (processing and fresh market)
Environmental friendliness and adaptability - varieties Main figures of propagation black currant in Ukraine Around 40 varieties are propagated Total production of bc nurseries (2012 г.): 1,8 million plants Most propagated varieties: Yubileynaya Kopanya (600 thous. plants ) Wernisazh (324 thous. plants ) Sofievskaya (320 thous. plants ) OR 70% produced plants !!! Average wholesale price (2012): 0,5 – 0,6 EURO/plant
The most cultivated bc varieties in Ukraine up to 80 % of total bc acreage planted with varieties bred by Institute of Horticulture ! Yubileynaya Wernisazh Kazkova Kopanya Raduzhnaya Sofievskaya Sanyuta Oriana Krasa Lvova 9
Bla lack curr rrant – fir irst fru ruit itin ing (research plot, Institute of Horticulture, Kyiv, Ukraine) 10
ions Gr Growers wers like e to plant nt bl black ck cur urrant rant in no n non-suit suitable able region Black currant – crop of moderate climate. air drought (less 30 % RH)+ long-term temp. (above +30 о С ) are harmful for bc plants Threat of Verticillium albo-atrum after a dry period precipitation falls and the temperature remains high WHAT RECOMMENDED ? Plant heat-resistant varieties (Wernisazh, Yubileynaya Kopanya, Kazkova) Avoid the bc plants become stressed (shading plants, irrigation, mulching soil in-the-row lines) Applying of anti-transpirants and growth regulators – Atonik, Vapor Guard etc. 11
Retail selling prices for black currant berries in city markets of Ukraine 35 30.10 30 28.30 25 грн./кг 20 17.90 14.50 15 12.20 8.45 10 5 0 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 Год
Thank you for attention! Aleksandr Yareshchenko Institute of Horticulture NAAS Deputy director of scientific work, PhD, currants breeder Tel./Fax. +38044-5266588 Mobile +38067-5013562 yareshchenko_a@ukr.net
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