Photoshopping and Video Editing By Mitchell Schirmers
History of photo and video editing ● 1800’s-Photos were clipped and pasted to other photos ● 1900’s-film would be cut and reattached ● 1990-Adobe releases Photoshop version 1 ● Version 1 could blur, smudge and stretch images ● Version 6 could layering pictures on top of each other and remove blemishes
The Power of Photoshop Using photoshop, CollegeHumor was able to complete the following task.
Photo Editing in Magazines/Advertisements Photoshop in Advertisements sends two clear messages: 1. individuals who want to look flawless and beautiful need this product 2. individuals need these products because without them, they are not beautiful.
Scenario Company A is a company that sells makeup. When they produce the advertising for their product, they take pictures with the model wearing the companies makeup. When they put the photo in the advertisement next to their makeup product, they make minor changes to the person’s face and body to have clearer and smoother skin. From here, their advertisements are released.
Kantian Analysis ● companies are targeting the self esteem of individuals ● The company is intentionally deceiving individuals ● Violates of Kant’s Second Imperative as the company is treating individuals as a means to an end The company’s use of photoshop is unethical.
Act Utilitarian Analysis Without Photoshop: Profits - self esteem damages = 5 - 0 = 5 With Photoshop: Profits - self esteem damages = 7- 3 = 4 Therefore, the Company’s actions are unethical Without Photoshop: Profits - self esteem damages = 5 - 0 = 5 With Photoshop: Profits - self esteem damages = 7- 1 = 6 Therefore, the Company’s actions are ethical
Video editing in Online Communities ● The purpose of this video is humor and good fun ● Videos are very labor intensive ○ 24 frames per second ○ This clip is 1 min 23 sec ○ 1992 frames ○ 10 seconds to edit a frame ○ Total time: 5.5 hours 0:30 -1:00
OOC attacks OOC means “Out of Character” Attacks target the individual rather than their position on a given issue Rule utilitarian- If everyone adopted this rule and would post OOC attacks, the overall happiness would decrease. This is unethical.
AI in video editing ● Deep Fakes ○ What are they? ○ How do they work? ○ How can they be detected ○ How many photos does it take?
Potential uses ● Revenge porn ● Fake news ● Fake alibi ● Movies ○ Can movies render dead actors? ○ who’s being paid? ○ Who owns the rights to someone who is dead? ○ Can they sell those rights? ○ Is it ethical
The Future of Video Editing ● More deep fakes in revenge porn, fake news, etc ● Deepfakes will be easier to create. More user friendly. ● Deepfake algorithms will improve Seeing is no longer believing!
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