Multi-planar Perspective
Representing 3-D in Comics, Animation and Viewmaster 2
3D Space as a Similie for the Real 3
Sir Charles Wheatstone 1802-1875 ▣ Stereoscope 1838 ▣ Binocular Vision explained 1840 ▣ English Concertina ▣ Measured velocity of electricity ▣ Originated spectroscopy ▣ The five needle telegraph 4
Oliver Wendell Holmes Sr. 1809-1894 5
A stereoscope is ‘’ an instrument which makes surfaces look solid. 6
▣ A stereoscope is an instrument which makes surfaces look solid. All pictures in which ‘’ perspective and light and shade are properly managed, have more or less of the effect of solidity; but by this instrument that effect is so heightened as to produce an appearance of reality which cheats the senses with its seeming truth. From “The Steroscope and the Stereograph;” Atlantic Magazine , August, 1859. 7
… that effect is so ‘’ heightened as to produce an appearance of reality which cheats the senses with its seeming truth. 8
Holmes Stereoscopic Viewer 1861 9
Stereocards 10
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Virtual Travel 12
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Virtual Travel Immersive Presence 14
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Virtual Travel Immersive Presence Exotic Virtuality 18
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3D Picturesque 24
Picturesque arose as a mediator between these ‘’ opposed ideals of beauty and the sublime, showing the possibilities that existed in between these two rationally idealised states. “ Picturesque” Wikipedia 25
Tinted portable mirror to frame and darken the view 26
Claude Glasses 27
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Claude Lorrain (1604-1682) Landscape with Nymph and Satyr Dancing (1641) Toledo Museum of Art 29
The Picturesque takes shape within an emerging Romantic ideal It is a metonymous representation of reality, selectively framed Embodies an aesthetic of sentimentality and melodrama 30
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Viewmaster 34
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Future Vision 36
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Viewers Model B 1944-1948 Model C 1946-1955 Model A 1938-1944 38
Model D 1955-1974 39
Viewmaster Landmarks 1951 1952 1966 Viewmaster buys Introduction of Acquired by GAF TruView gains Personal which shifted Disney License. Stereoscopic emphasis from Camera. travel and scenic to 1981 film, tv, cartoons, Sold to what and sports . becomes the 1997 Viewmaster-Ideal Merged with Mattel Group. Marketing of 1989 which markets viewmaster as a toy Sold to Tyco. Viewmaster as a solidifies. Produced Viewers Fisher-Price pre- from 1989-1997. school toy. 40
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Inside the Camera Back 42
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Pneumatic Reel Machine 45
Many technologies pass through a sequence of ‘’ recontextualizations often finishing their story arc at “toy.” 46
Dr. David Bassett and William B. Gruber working on their Atlas of Human Anatomy Project 47
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3D Storytelling 49
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Florence Thomas and Joe Liptak 59
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Multiplane 78
Lotte Reininger (1923) 79
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Now, I have a new challenge for you. I really want to add a greater sense of realism to ‘’ the pictures, the sense that the audience is right there in the action. I want to draw people into the films, as if the cartoon is taking place all around them in a space that feels like it has dimension and depth…. 84
▣ ….I want the opening shot to move forward, approaching the scene of the Old Mill and the plants ‘’ and animals that inhabit the space around the structure of the windmill. The effect should be a tracking shot forward, like those that are used on live- action films. What do you think: are you up for the challenge? Memo from Retlaw Yensid CEO ETAVONNI Animation Studio 12/5/34 85
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Instead of creating a pictorial space in which surfaces seem solid The pictorial space is divided into superimposed planes Layered to create illusions of depth and to create stages for spatial interaction 87
3D Anaglyph Comics 88
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Right Eye Red-Left Eye Green
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