P bli P bli Public Soybean Public Soybean S S b b Breeding - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

P bli P bli Public Soybean Public Soybean S S b b Breeding Research in Breeding Research in Breeding Research in Breeding Research in a Private Variety World a Private Variety World a Private Variety World a Private Variety World Brian Diers Brian Diers Randy Nelson Ram Singh St ll Stella Kantartzi K t t i

Outline Outline Outline Outline • Why public soybean breeding programs are needed are needed. • Variety release and breeding research at SIU. t SIU • Variety releases and breeding research at IU. • Wide hybridization results. y

Public Soybean Public Soybean Breeding Public Soybean Public Soybean Breeding Breeding Breeding • What is the role of public Wh t i th l f bli soybean breeders in the 21 st century? 21 century? • Most soybean acres are planted with cultivars planted with cultivars developed in the private sector. • Private sector has a large research enterprise in soybean biotechnology.

Role of Public Breeders Role of Public Breeders Role of Public Breeders Role of Public Breeders • Role of public breeders • Role of public breeders. – Public and private breeders and USB met breeders and USB met during June of 2008 to discuss the role of public discuss the role of public breeders. – There was good g consensus for what the future priorities should be for public programs.

Role of Public Breeders Role of Public Breeders • Educate future plant breeders and agricultural professionals. – Severe shortage of plant breeders in the US in the US. • Release varieties for niche markets– including nonGMO markets. – RR1 a niche market? • Develop germplasm with an emphasis on using new diversity (genes) from on using new diversity (genes) from the soybean germplasm collection. • Interact with other disciplines to improve our understanding of economic traits.

Development of High Yielding non Development of High Yielding non- - GM Soybean Varieties at SIU GM Soybean Varieties at SIU GM Soybean Varieties at SIU GM Soybean Varieties at SIU Stella Kantartzi Stella Kantartzi Release a new variety LS03-4294 with SDS, 1. SCN, and frog eye leaf spot resistance. Start intra-cultivar selection within the most Start intra-cultivar selection within the most 2 2. high-yield, high-quality varieties with a package of resistance to major diseases (SDS, SCN, FLS etc.). (SDS, SCN, FLS etc.). Identifying high-yielding non-GM varieties Stage Lines Locations PYI PYI 494 494 Carbondale Carbondale Valmeyer Valmeyer 1. 1 IYT 142 7 environments Belleville Carmi 2. AYT 110 Sandoval Harrisburg 3. Ullin

Development of SDS Resistant Development of SDS Resistant Soybean Varieties at SIU Soybean Varieties at SIU • Phenotype evaluate RIL (F • Phenotype, evaluate RIL (F 5:8 ) populations ) populations derived from crosses of SIU lines × ‘Spencer’ and select the most promising lines for yield p g y potential, quality (protein and oil content) and resistance to SDS • Phenotype, evaluate and genotype advanced inbred lines for SDS resistance and other agronomic important characters i i t t h t • Confirm the presence of known QTLs linked to SDS SDS resistance genes and locate new ones with i t d l t ith genome-wide molecular genotyping

Development of Frog Eye Leaf Spot Development of Frog Eye Leaf Spot Resistant Soybean Varieties at SIU Resistant Soybean Varieties at SIU • LS01-1987 x LN97-15076 (F 3 ) • LS04-27138 x LN97-15076 (F 3 ) • 24 advanced breeding lines (AYT 2008: 24 d d b di li (AYT 2008 47.3-68.0 bushels/acre) that have screened for FLS resistance will be : • Selected for their crop yield potential (yield per plant, stability of performance and adaptability) and adaptability) and • Phenotyped and genotyped for releasing the best ones as new varieties after further yield testing testing

Development and Identification of Development and Identification of Lines Resistant to Charcoal Rot at SIU Li Lines Resistant to Charcoal Rot at SIU Li R R i t i t t t t t Ch Ch l R t l R t t SIU t SIU New crosses between resistant and New crosses between resistant and susceptible lines to Macrophomina phaseolina : p  DT97-4290 x LS03-4294  DT97-4290 x LS06-3968  DT97-4290 x LG04-6000  DT97-4290 x LS03-4294 have been made - Seed was sent to Puerto Rico for the development of F 2 populations - Early generation selection will start in summer of 2010

Screening for Virus Resistance and Development of BPMV Resistant Development of BPMV Resistant Soybean Varieties at SIU • Viruses are emerging as a major problem in soybean, especially those that are seed-borne. y , p y • Advanced selections are being screened for viruses that cause significant losses and are seed borne ( Bean pod mottle Soybean mosaic seed-borne ( Bean pod mottle, Soybean mosaic, Alfalfa mosaic, Tobacco streak etc). • Bean pod mottle resistant Glycine tomentella p y accessions are used to identify the resistance gene and make crosses with SIU soybean accessions to incorporate resistance to the virus accessions to incorporate resistance to the virus.

UI Variety Releases UI Variety Releases UI Variety Releases UI Variety Releases • Released 5 varieties in 2009 • Released 5 varieties in 2009. – All SCN resistant, 2 soybean aphid resistant 4 nonGMO and 1 Roundup resistant, 4 nonGMO and 1 Roundup Ready. • Released 5 varieties in 2010 • Released 5 varieties in 2010. – All SCN resistant, 3 soybean aphid resistant 3 nonGMO and 2 Roundup resistant, 3 nonGMO and 2 Roundup Ready. • Lines are being released for branding • Lines are being released for branding by commercial companies.

UI Variety Releases UI Variety Releases UI Variety Releases UI Variety Releases • Maturity group II lines. RR1, SCN resistant , and aphid resistant with Rag1 . Yield Maturity Lodging Rank Rank date date score score Entry Entry Bu/A Bu/A 16 9-26 1.3 AG2403 44.5 12 0 1.2 AG2002 52.5 5 2 1.4 AG2607 55.6 7 3 1.3 LD06-30504Ra 54.0 1 1 5 5 1 6 1.6 LD06 30505R LD06-30505Ra 58 3 58.3

Aphid Resistance Ratings Aphid Resistance Ratings Entry Aphid score Dwight 3.2 Ina 3.6 Loda 3.3 Williams 82 3.4 LD05-16657 1.5 LD06-16721 LD06-16721 1 3 1.3 LD06-30504Ra 1.4 LD06-30505Ra 1.3 LSD(0 05) LSD(0.05) 0 58 0.58 Rating were done on a 1-4 scale with 1 = few solitary aphids present, 2 = several transient aphids present 3 = dense colonies and 4 = 2 = several transient aphids present, 3 = dense colonies, and 4 = dense colonies accompanied by plant damage.

SCN and SDS Ratings SCN and SDS Ratings IL SCN screening SIU SDS HG 0 G 0 HG 2.5.7 G 5 Havana a a a Entry FI rating FI rating DX AG2403 81 NR 77 NR 35 AG2002 AG2002 6 6 HR HR 81 81 NR NR 17 17 AG2607 23 R 73 NR 26 NEX2905A0R 81 NR 75 NR 9 LD06-30504Ra 3 HR 53 LR 3 LD06-30505Ra 2 HR 63 NR 2

UI Variety Releases UI Variety Releases UI Variety Releases UI Variety Releases • Maturity group III line. Conventional, SCN resistant. i t t Regional Results Region Region Yield Maturity Lodging Height Protein Oil COMPANY NAME* bu/a Date in @13% @13% DAIRYLAND DSR-3590* 62.4 9/29 2.2 39 35.4 18.1 U of I U of I LD04-13265 LD04-13265 66 5 66.5 10/1 10/1 2 0 2.0 33 33 34 6 34.6 18 9 18.9 FS HISOY HS 34C90 68.9 9/29 1.9 34 34.3 19.3 FS HISOY HS 38C60 64.3 10/7 2.6 40 36.3 17.9 HORIZON H 331 N 58.3 9/30 2.1 38 34.3 19.4 PIONEER 93M14* 63.5 9/26 2.4 35 35.5 18.7 PIONEER 93M52* 64.0 9/29 2.7 38 35.5 18.8 PIONEER 93M62* 66.3 10/1 2.5 35 35.3 19.5 PUBLIC WILLIAMS 82* 47.4 10/7 3.0 40 35.8 18.5 STINE 3300-2* 65.3 9/27 2.3 35 34.0 19.5 STINE STINE 3308 2* 3308-2 64 9 64.9 10/5 10/5 2.7 2 7 39 39 36 1 36.1 18 1 18.1 AVERAGE 63.3 10/1 2.3 36 35.1 18.6 L.S.D. 25% LEVEL 2.3 0.2 1 0.46 0.20

Sources of SCN Resistance for Maturity Sources of SCN Resistance for Maturity Group II to IV Varieties Group II to IV Varieties Group II to IV Varieties Group II to IV Varieties PI 88788 PI 88788 + 94% Peking Peking PI 437654 Peking + PI 437654 437654 These data are from the 2008 extension publication “Soybean varieties with These data are from the 2008 extension publication Soybean varieties with soybean cyst nematode resistance” by Marion Shier, Crop Systems Unit Educator, Livingston County Extension Unit.

Overuse of PI 88788 Overuse of PI 88788 Resistance Resistance • SCN isolates have adapted to PI 88788 SCN resistance. SCN resistance. – 70% of the SCN positive soil samples from Illinois could overcome PI 88788 resistance. • PI 88788 overuse is a result of its success. – SCN resistance and high yield combined with this source with this source.

SCN Resistance from G. SCN Resistance from G. soja soja • SCN resistance was SCN resistance was identified from wild soybean ( G. soja ) PI b ( G j ) PI 468916. • Two resistance genes were mapping g pp g from wild soybean.

Resistance of Lines in a BC4 Resistance of Lines in a BC4 Population Segregating for Population Segregating for G soja Population Segregating for Population Segregating for G. soja G soja G. soja QTL (HG Type 0) QTL (HG Type 0) 120 100 100 e Index 80 60 Female 40 20 0 Res E, Res G Res E, Sus G Sus E, Res G Sus E, Sus G R Resistant classifications i t t l ifi ti