Overview this Week Perspective: Film/Movie are more successful than - PDF document

Overview this Week  Perspective: Film/Movie are more successful than video games, but do you think this will change? » What are extremely successful games right now?  Today: Reflect on the history of video games: » We will do a Time Line Approach (Chronologically).  This Week: W (Picture), Th (Intro to HTML5 & Canvas). A Brief History of Video Games  Homework (will be posted tonight on this topic), and Some PPT content from the Book � Introduction to the first project has been posted – to recreate a classic Game Development � (not Required) Arcade Video Game in HTML5). Will look at samples tomorrow. Robert Bakie (Chapter Author)  Resources: Editor Steve Rabin » http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_video_games ( Jon A Preston) 2 Maria Hybinette, UGA Roots: TV - First Patent & TV History Early History  First Electronic Game/ 1947 – Thomas Godsmith, Jr. & Estle Ray Mann filed a patent described as  1949-1950 First Bouncing Ball program, not » “Cathode Ray Tube Amusement Device” Patent interactive. – Interactive, simulate firing of air-borne targets  1952 Graphical Tic Tac Toe by AS Douglas to demonstrate human computer interaction. – http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Cathode_ray_tube_amusement_device » EDSAC computer, player competed against a computer.  TV Roots: http://inventors.about.com/od/tstartinventions/a/ Television_Time.htm (1831 electronic communication, 1862 first transmission of a still image, 1880 Bell & Edison - Photophone to transmit sound (and image), 1900 “television”, 1924 first moving silhouette images, 1926 5 frames per second TV) 3 4 Maria Hybinette, UGA Maria Hybinette, UGA First Video Games … The First/Early Video Games  William Higginbotham’s Tennis for Two  Steve Russell and Spacewar » Created in 1961 at MIT for the DEC PDP-1 computer » Created in 1958 for the Brookhaven National Laboratory � s annual visitor day » 2 players, maneuver spaceship while trying to shoot other player with torpedoes » Display was an oscilloscope (side view) » Switches to control game » Game ran on an analog computer » Hugely popular within MIT » Sound effects were a side-effect of the relays » Vector Display that made the game run » Required prohibitively expensive equipment mini-computer ($120K), converted to using a TTL. » No one realized its significance » Eventually shipped as a diagnostic program with PDP-1s » Knob for trajectory & button for » http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Rmvb4Hktv7U » gravity controlled ball. » http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7bzWnaH-0sg http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=s2E9iSQfGdg (2 mins) 5 6 Maria Hybinette, UGA Maria Hybinette, UGA

Games for the Masses Games for the Masses  Breaking Into the Amusement Business:  The Advent of Home Video Games: Ralph Baer Nolan Bushnell and Atari and the Magnavox Odyssey » Engineering major at the University of Utah » 1966, initial idea for a game machine that would work on home TVs (prototyped). Light Gun. » Background in coin-operated amusement devices » Created a shooting game (Chase) incorporating the Light Gun, ice hockey game, and others. » Tried to bring Spacewar to arcades as Computer War » 1969 Ping Pong http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1LsRGUODHlQ » Sold to Magnavox in 1972 » http://www.ralphbaer.com/how_video_games.htm » More: http://web.mit.edu/invent/iow/baer.html 7 8 Maria Hybinette, UGA Maria Hybinette, UGA Games for the Masses The Console Kings  Bringing Games to the  Recall - Magnavox Odyssey (Ralph Baer) Masses » World's first commercial home video » Atari founded by Nolan game console. (1972: April Demoed, Bushnell in 1972 October Release). » Brought Pong to arcades » Light Gun Add On. » 3 years ahead of Atari’s Home Pong. » Sued by Baer and Magnavox » Paid a one-time license fee of $700,000 9 10 Maria Hybinette, UGA Maria Hybinette, UGA The Console Kings The Console Kings ! Atari and the 2600  Nintendo (card game origin) ! Atari VCS released in 1977, and Shigeru Miyamoto 9 Games (renamed to 2600) » Released Donkey Kong arcade ! Not quite the first cartridge-based machine in 1981 home system (Magnavox Odyssey) » Released Nintendo ! 1978 Game Release: Space Entertainment System in 1985 Invaders at Home (First Video Game Killer App). » During late 80 � s Nintendo ! Open architecture allowed easy owned 90% of the market development » http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ ! First to introduce licensing of a History_of_Nintendo system » http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ ! http://atariage.com/2600/ Mario_Bros. (Arcade) 12 11 12 Maria Hybinette, UGA Maria Hybinette, UGA

The Console Kings The Console Kings  Sega  Sony � s PlayStation » Created in 1952 in Japan to sell » Created out of an aborted amusement games on US army attempt to launch a CD-ROM bases (Service Games) based system with Nintendo » 1983 SubRoc 3D, first 3D game » Released PlayStation in 1994 (Arcade). » Alex Kidd (86), Sonic Hedgehog » PlayStation 2 released in 2000, (91) maintaining backwards » Released the popular Sega Genesis compatibility with hugely in 1990 (their third generation popular PS1 home console) » PS3 and PSP current » Final game console was their » (ATARI Jaguar (1993) 1999 � s Sega Dreamcast cartridges, stick in CD into cartridge 13 14 Maria Hybinette, UGA Maria Hybinette, UGA The Console Kings Home Computers ! Apple Computer  Microsoft and the Xbox ! Founded by Steve Jobs, Steve Wozniak and Mike Markkula in 1976 » Xbox released in 2001 ! Apple II was released in 1977 ! Revolutionized the home computer market » Based on a PC-like architecture ! Commodore » Initially significant money lost on ! Commodore Vic-20 Released in 1981 each console sold ! Low price and shrewd marketing lead to success ! Commodore 64, released in 1982, became the best selling computer – Foothold in living rooms in history world wide ! IBM » Halo and Halo 2 are its most ! IBM PC introduced in 1981 ! Moderate pricing helped it gain a foothold in the business world popular games ! BIOS licensing model backfired on them, allowing cheap clones to enter the market 15 16 Maria Hybinette, UGA Maria Hybinette, UGA The Designers The Designers  Maxis and Will Wright  MicroProse and Sid Meier » SimCity released in 1989 » Founded by Sid Meier and » Other Sim games � Wild Bill � Stealey followed ( SimAnt , » Concentrated on strategic SimCopter ) simulations in early years » Maxis becomes part of » Sid Meier � s Pirates! in Electronic Arts 1987 was Sid � s first signature game » Released The Sims in » Genre-defining Railroad http://www.ted.com/talks/lang/en/ 2000 will_wright_makes_toys_that_make_worlds Tycoon and Civilization » The Sims has sold more .html followed than 6 million copies so far 17 18 Maria Hybinette, UGA Maria Hybinette, UGA

The Designers The Designers  Sierra and Ken and  Origin Systems and Roberta Williams Richard Garriott » Created first graphical adventure game, Mystery » Created the Ultima series House in 1980 » In 1997 created Ultima » Great success followed with Online , one of the first King � s Quest series, Police Massively Multi-Player Quest series, and Leisure Online Role-Playing Suit Larry series Games » Published Half-Life » Studios disbanded in 2000 by EA 20 19 20 Maria Hybinette, UGA Maria Hybinette, UGA The Phenomenons The Phenomenons  Space Invaders  The Tangled History of Tetris » Introduced to the US in 1978 » Created by Russian programmer Alexy Pajitnov in 1985 » First big Japanese success » Became a pop culture sensation » Introduced the � High Score � list to video games » Helped drive the success of Nintendo � s Game Boy  Pac-Man  Capcom and Resident Evil » American debut in 1981 » Capcom founded in 1979 » Attempt to create a completely » Created Street Fighter , Mega Man and Resident non-violent game Evil » Generated $100 million in sales » Resident Evil has spawned 15 variations and during its lifetime sequels as well as two Hollywood movies 21 22 Maria Hybinette, UGA Maria Hybinette, UGA The Phenomenons The Phenomenons  Pokémon ! Square and Final Fantasy » Created by Japanese video game enthusiast Satoshi ! In 1987 released Final Fantasy as a last-ditch effort to Tajiri stave off bankruptcy » Pokémon Red and Green released for Nintendo Game ! 15 games have been released since then, selling more Boy in 1996 than 40 million copies » Movies, TV series and multiple sequels have followed ! Computer-animated Hollywood movie released in 2001 ! Cyan and Myst  The Rise and Fall of the Video Game Mascot ! Created by Rand and Robyn Miller » Early mascots helped sell game systems ! Released in 1993 on the Apple Macintosh » Mascots are seemingly less popular now ! Helped popularize the CD-ROM drive » Over-exposure and an aging audience may be explanations for this trend 23 24 Maria Hybinette, UGA Maria Hybinette, UGA