14/05/2018 Optimal grid expansion planning of Iran's interconnected water-energy networks with renewable energy technologies – Part II: Formulation Prepared by: Milad Pooladsanj Presented by: Milad Pooladsanj Supervisors: Amin Nobakhti Mahdi Sharifzadeh Contents What is water-energy nexus?! 1. Why is water-energy nexus important? 2. The role of renewable energies 3. Problem statement 4. Formulation 5. Case study: Iran’s water-energy network 6. Future studies 7. 2/30
14/05/2018 What is Water-Energy Nexus?! Water and Energy : infrastructures of paramount importance for human livelihood closely intertwined → Must be addressed together We do not appreciate the coupled correlation between them → How to decouple? Nucleus of this bond is the reciprocal dependency of resources → one resource’s demand can steer further demand 3/30 4/30
14/05/2018 Why is Water-Energy Nexus Important? Water-related risks to energy security 5/30 Energy-related risks to water security Amount of Energy Required to provide 1𝑛 � of water safe for human consumption
14/05/2018 The Role of Renewable Energies Renewables and natural gas are the big winners in the race to meet energy demand growth until 2040 (IEA) 37% of power generation will be from renewables, compared with 23% today (IEA) REN21 - 2015 7/30 3 Average annual growth in renewable energy capacity and biofuels production across the three end-use sectors REN21 - 2015 8/30
14/05/2018 Life cycle water withdrawals (gal/MWh) IRENA - 2014 9/30 Problem Statement G1 D1 L1 L3 L2 L6 L4 L5 Grid expansion planning of a simple network 10/30
14/05/2018 Transmission Expansion Planning (TEP) Grid Expansion Planning Generation Expansion Planning (GEP) 11/30 Importance of This Project Data acquisition across the interconnected systems of the nexus is difficult Previous presentation Intricate optimization problem Too many variables (80k in a deterministic case) NP-hard Convex relaxation (unsolvable in large-scales) Linear relaxation 12/30
14/05/2018 Formulation Objective function Optimization Generation problem constraints Constraints Transmission constraints 13/30 Objective function Economical Environmental Power generation cost Water generation cost Capital costs Fixed costs 14/30 Variable costs
14/05/2018 Generation constraints + Electrical power produced Water based Water Water supplied demand in Non-water based to a node a node Energy demand in a node + - - Electricity based Storage Losses facilities per line Non-electricity based 15/30 Conventional generation • Max & min generation capacity • Ramp rate (% of generation capacity) 16/29 16/30
14/05/2018 Wind turbine • Cut-in speed • Cut-out speed • Rated power • Wind speed 17/30 Solar panel • Efficiency • Panel surface • Solar irradiance 18/30
14/05/2018 Pumped storage facilities • Efficiency • Reservoir capacity • Relation between reservoir capacity and input – output power • Maximum input/output power 19/30 Water purification Water Thermal Wastewater desalination treatment production Membrane desalination 20/30
14/05/2018 Transmission constraints Voltage angles 𝜀 � (Variable) 𝑐 �� , �� Line parameters 𝜀 � (Fixed) 𝑄 �� = 𝑐 �� sin 𝜀 �� � 𝑄 � �� = 2 �� (1 − cos𝜀 �� ) 21/30 • Mixed-integer linear program in GAMS 22/30
14/05/2018 Case study: Iran’s water-energy network FAO AQUASTAT- 2015 Total Production of Renewables (Mtoe) 23/30 Iran Electricity Generation from 1971 to 2013 by Fuel (TWh) 2013 24/30
14/05/2018 25/30 Parameter Value Year 2040 Peak Demand 108 GW Integration of > 30% Renewables Scenario Deterministic Daily Cost 43 M$ Wind Solar Gas 0-5000 MW 5000-10000 MW 10000-15000 MW 15000-20000 MW 20000-25000 MW 25000-30000 MW 26/30
14/05/2018 Future studies Stochastic optimization 27/30 Realistic analysis Construction time Time value of money 28/30
14/05/2018 Dynamic decision making 29/30 Thank you for your time! Milad.Pooladsanj@ee.sharif.edu 30/30
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