Odour-Evoked Memory Retrieval Method Nash Escalada Topics in Cognitive Science SCTM - 3004 - 001
contents Problem Memory Principles Hypotheses Proposed Intervention and Use Case Experiment
problem Digital and analog forms of memory aids for time - specific tasks are visually, audibly, and/or physically intrusive .
operational definition non - intrusive :not involving visual or tangible cues
digital memory aid Dosecast “was acceptable in terms of ease of use…and perceived usefulness ” Wu, Yelena P., et al. "Use of a Smartphone Application for Prompting Oral Medication Adherence Among Adolescents and Young Adults With Cancer."
analog memory aid Retrieval through association “Six laboratory and field experiments showed that the reminders - through - association approach can dramatically increase people’s success at following through on their intentions.” Rogers, Todd, and Katherine L. Milkman. “Reminders Through Association.”
goal Utilize odour as a non - intrusive method to cue memory of time - specific tasks
memory principles Proust Phenomenon Olfactory Bulb
proust phenomenon “odour has the ability to “cue autobiographical memories which are highly vivid, affectively toned and very old” (Chu and Downes).
olfactory bulb “The olfactory bulb connects to structures in the brain including the amygdala, hippocampus and thalamus, which have been shown to be involved in memory function and the modulation of emotions.” Chu, Simon, and John J. Downes; “Odour - evoked Autobiographical Memories: Psychological nvestigations of Proustian Phenomena” “the hippocampus, which is involved in associative learning ” https://www.mdpi.com/2076 - 3425/6/3/22/htm Herz, R.S. “The Role of Odor - Evoked Memory in Psychological and Physiological Health”
olfactory bulb “The olfactory bulb connects to structures in the brain including the amygdala, hippocampus and thalamus, which have been shown to be involved in memory function and the modulation of emotions.” Chu, Simon, and John J. Downes; “Odour - evoked Autobiographical Memories: Psychological nvestigations of Proustian Phenomena” “the hippocampus, which is involved in associative learning ” https://www.mdpi.com/2076 - 3425/6/3/22/htm Herz, R.S. “The Role of Odor - Evoked Memory in Psychological and Physiological Health”
Learning, Lumen. “Anatomy and Physiology I.” Lumen, courses.lumenlearning.com/austincc - ap1/ chapter/special - senses - smell - olfaction/.
hypothesis Non - intrusive memory retrieval of time - specific tasks can be accomplished through the presentation of an odour .
proposed intervention Sniff! A system that conditions odour to a time - specific task so that each time you smell the odour, you remember to perform the task
system components in - home odour compatible dispenser (IHOD) smartphone application
use case •83 year old man •needs to take new medication every 2 days •does not know how to use digital devices •son is able to configure app through his mobile phone
science behind the system Odour Exposure Uniqueness of Odour Herz, R.S. “The Role of Odor - Evoked Memory in Psychological and Physiological Health”
odour exposure Odour will only be noticeable by the user for up to 5 minutes. “constant exposure to an odour for more than 20 min, sensitivity is greatly reduced and when one is exposed to the same odour on a daily basis olfactory sensitivity to that odour dramatically diminishes,” (Herz, “The Role of”). Herz, R.S. “The Role of Odor - Evoked Memory in Psychological and Physiological Health”
odour exposure Odour will only be noticeable by the user for up to 5 minutes. “constant exposure to an odour for more than 20 min, sensitivity is greatly reduced and when one is exposed to the same odour on a daily basis olfactory sensitivity to that odour dramatically diminishes,” (Herz, “The Role of”). Herz, R.S. “The Role of Odor - Evoked Memory in Psychological and Physiological Health”
uniqueness of odour Odours will unique in scent. “olfactory cognition is unlike cognition mediated through our other senses in that it is extremely resistant to retroactive interference [67,68]. That is, the first association formed to an odour typically remains tied to that odour despite multiple future experiences of the same odour in different contexts.”
uniqueness of odour Odours will unique in scent. “olfactory cognition is unlike cognition mediated through our other senses in that it is extremely resistant to retroactive interference [67,68]. That is, the first association formed to an odour typically remains tied to that odour despite multiple future experiences of the same odour in different contexts.”
controlled experiment
controlled experiment Every 2nd day at 6:00 pm DAY 1 DAY 80 EXPERIMENTAL GROUP INDEPENDENT VARIABLE = DEPENDENT VARIABLE = AMOUNT OF ODOUR DISPENSED TIME-ACCURACY OF TASK CONTROL GROUP DAY 1 DAY 80 Every 2nd day at 6:00 pm
controlled experiment Every 2nd day at 6:00 pm DAY 1 DAY 80 EXPERIMENTAL GROUP INDEPENDENT VARIABLE = DEPENDENT VARIABLE = AMOUNT OF ODOUR DISPENSED TIME-ACCURACY OF TASK CONTROL GROUP DAY 1 DAY 80 Every 2nd day at 6:00 pm
controlled experiment Every 2nd day at 6:00 pm DAY 1 DAY 80 EXPERIMENTAL GROUP INDEPENDENT VARIABLE = DEPENDENT VARIABLE = AMOUNT OF ODOUR DISPENSED TIME-ACCURACY OF TASK CONTROL GROUP DAY 1 DAY 80 Every 2nd day at 6:00 pm
controlled experiment System will prove to be effective if: experimental group task completion rate and time is = or > control group task completion rate and time
thank you
references Chu, Simon, and John J. Downes; “Odour - evoked Autobiographical Memories: Psychological Investigations of Proustian Phenomena”, Chemical Senses, Volume 25, Issue 1, 1 February 2000, Pages 111–116, https://doi - org.ocadu.idm.oclc.org/10.1093/chemse/25.1.111 Goldstein, E. Bruce“Cognitive Psychology: Connecting Mind, Research, and Everyday Experience”, 3rd Edition, Linda Schreiber - Ganster, 19 May 2011 Herz, R. S. (1998), “Are Odors the Best Cues to Memory? A Cross - Modal Comparison of Associative Memory Stimulia.” Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 855: 670 - 674. doi:10.1111/j. 1749 - 6632.1998.tb10643.x Herz, R.S. “The Role of Odor - Evoked Memory in Psychological and Physiological Health” Brain sciences vol. 6,3 22. 19 Jul. 2016, doi:10.3390/brainsci6030022 Lally, P. , van Jaarsveld, C. H., Potts, H. W. and Wardle, J. (2010), How are habits formed: Modelling habit formation in the real world. Eur. J. Soc. Psychol., 40: 998 - 1009. doi:10.1002/ejsp.674 Rogers, Todd, and Katherine L. Milkman. “Reminders Through Association.” Psychological Science, vol. 27, no. 7, July 2016, pp. 973–986, doi:10.1177/0956797616643071. Wu, Yelena P., et al. "Use of a Smartphone Application for Prompting Oral Medication Adherence Among Adolescents and Young Adults With Cancer." Oncology Nursing Forum, Jan. 2018, p. 69+. Academic OneFile, http:link.galegroup.com.ocadu.idm.oclc.org/apps/doc/A544711039/AONE?u=toro37158&sid=AONE&xid=26890c48. Accessed 8 Feb. 2019.
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