October 16, 2017 Sustainable Conservation helps California thrive - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

COMPOST: ENHANCING THE VALUE OF MANURE October 16, 2017

Sustainable Conservation helps California thrive by uniting people to solve the toughest challenges facing our land, air, and water.

AIR WATER GREENHOUSE QUALITY QUALITY GASES

W ATER QUALI TY

Nutrient imbalance threatens water quality. COWS N N N FEED run-off, STORAGE leaching N

I s com post a viable solution?

W ATER QUALI TY GREENHOUSE GASES AI R QUALI TY SOI L HEALTH exports

C O M P O S T : E N H A N C IN G T H E V A L U E O F M A N U R E A n a s s e s s m e n t o f th e e n v iro n m e n ta l, e c o n o m ic , re g u la to ry , a n d p o lic y o p p o rtu n itie s o f in c re a s in g th e m a rk e t fo r m a n u re c o m p o s t M A Y 2 0 1 7 S u s ta in a b le C o n s e rv a tio n

T a b le 1 . S u m m a ry o f D a iry M a n u r e C o m p o s t Im p a c ts , B a rrie rs , a n d O p p o r tu n itie s Ini Iri li If a ««« toMgp < i* B a ito |a a < * a a a to ta v to « *to a v g « « n it 1 M > : U I l 1 I | | i l ! g p p P B tv li p > | « a M v r lM * m v v M IP . IM i h J W i l' Q a a tw p I I I »i |i n I i I M tw a r n t ■ • ♦ • P a M v M V .a v p a a y i m A bmv v M l '> ^ a l'« a ln te lN i* n < * , v i# > r v r a a n lM K a a M p a e a to B y ’ * • □ •* < W tr a t C P to t ■ M rw v ta M ii m P v P v M m I < 4 tW « « M M » •* « * • t* » .« V m ***- ■ m •** m & » *■ » * * » r» • w P « M « * « m p v M W M M « « v « m tP v w t to I • u I U I I I tip to p 1 J « A M • a la *to g to r p m w a a to r a ta M M •W g rM im a ta r I « 1 h M Mte iM m O V B B L a M *M ****to to a p a ta a tk g ij^ | H i! |i |i| O to to a ' Il *r I ? l l u p > ! ’ i r i ! I H 1 j ! ' 3 I I J I l l i I P l C w < p III I w » to p w B a n a m . H 1 I I I U H to to a a g p • » to a p a ta to a a a a a a a a a a a a a a t to a v i g n i h l i ’ i l l » ' ’ I •1 p H , Ih v a a to to to 4 H * M t to t p w a ta a W M a A - (W a to , < W N « p M M « M « a M M to fV ' M to W W C im a a * IM * ’ 1 » i> * * * • ( r a m M w g « w » mmmm * « l i ' | i l l v to g a to te a v m « to *a *« « i v to a a a j M a t 1 | U l | H p 1 M O t m m a v M r w • a p a m f w a p m _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ (O l* i « a M * a h in < m l» M W « M p « tk V « M S M N H L W W B M I • M k p a « t to M t to w B h W n a M p P to v v a fc p N m * ‘ A f -v n । [* ■ K m ll k ^ la a M P M « M * m |u a t < H *■ » 1 , to v w « * » * * ’ • * » •< • * • * I l l i l C a w m fiR t « o a v to to r « M r * a r a a a * a M « mb * a ra p I I I i« V M w m « W v la ig a i t tw w to to r p n B u B ia r H ■ M B M M to P to P V to v M e ta * • M B M < W to fB to < * p m tp M M . < p a to y C r to p to M tl ‘ l l ( a n p * « a M * r « « 4 U •« » ^ a » * r » a r * 1 * * - * • « • " M ir to r k m M u » > M a t « •» < > « *a » i« a *g * < » m r w m i« » r a m g n t f< M a v ta r n M a tto » •» w p w « M •a p m lildli I ’ ill 1 P a r P M ■ B P a m T W IW 0 1 « a m p a P k M ta * H * il l ill tto M n m a t ta r a B M p a tf » i P v m * to a p g to rillP t p t A a a t a P M t a M a M a W ta ta p M ta ^ R g * * ■ t o t o ia lh U p M m H fm r f W to tv g to a M D v m a a * < o t< » m | t r » B P a • a p M M v M p It n M P i ita iW g tv a t a » v *a b to a « m i> p W | p M k a g a v n e t v to a a g a to M to a g M i « M « M c a » ta v P a p a to a v r a ta p W IP B Y M r i a a a a ifv w tM B m l mpw * ! « P M « to « P to M M t o a a p n a t K e y

Findings: • Environmental • Economic • Regulatory • Policy

E NVIR ONME NTAL

W ATER QUALI TY GREENHOUSE GASES AI R QUALI TY SOI L HEALTH ■ IfR J m w f' 1 J FEED STATI C VS. w i n d r o w exports

Housing ST Processing LT Processing Storage Use Milk Parlor Lagoon Flood Irrigation CH 4 Mech. Separation Gravity Separation Barn CH 4 Windrow Compost Piles Land Application CH 4 (?) NH 3 (?) CH 4 (?) NH 3 (?) CH 4 (?) NH 3 (?) N 2 O (?) VOCs (?) N 2 O (?) VOCs (?) N 2 O (?) VOCs (?) Corral WQ-N (?) WQ-N (?) WQ-N (?)

Housing ST Processing LT Processing Storage Use Milk Parlor Lagoon Flood Irrigation CH 4 Mech. Separation Gravity Separation Barn CH 4 Piles Land Application CH 4 (?) NH 3 (?) CH 4 (?) NH 3 (?) N 2 O (?) VOCs (?) N 2 O (?) VOCs (?) Corral WQ-N (?) WQ-N (?)

GREENHOUSE GASES CH 4 N 2 O CO 2

WATER QUALITY N Source: EPA

SOI L HEALTH S tructure B ulk dens ity Water retention Organic matter

AIR QUALITY VOC NH 3

GHG N WQ SH AQ

E C ONOMIC

Demand Forecast Looks Favorable PROS CONS • Strong and growing • Higher salt content demand than greenwaste • Manure compost • Supply chain seen as premium restrictions • fewer contaminants • not science-based • Logistical advantage over municipal

Supply Currently Unclear

Supply Potential is Significant, Consistent PROS CONS • Consistent feedstock • Permitting confusion hindering supply • 1.5MM cows ≈ 93k tons manure daily • Market infrastructure • Significant amount underdeveloped • 5% manure ≈ 1.9MM yd 3 compost • Economically viable

R E GULATOR Y

Lack of alignment causes confusion Different agencies use different: • Units/measures • Definitions • Monitored materials • Thresholds • Import/export restrictions

Lack of clarity creates uncertainty • CalRecycle : LEA interpretations • SJVAPCD : BACT requirements • CVRWQCB : composting & Dairy General Order

POLIC Y

Manure Compost Can Help Achieve Policy Goals • SB 1383 / Short-Lived Climate Pollutant Strategy • Alternative Manure Management Program • Healthy Soils Initiative • AB 1045

Key Takeaways

Composting manure beneficial itself, much more so combined with other practices • Environmental, operational, economic Market ripe, need to address a few barriers • Ensure quality control of final compost • Establish BMPs for compost use, esp. NMPs • Better align permitting • Ensure RWQCB Dairy General Order reflects water quality benefits of composting manure • Clarify & communicate SJVAPCD BACT requirements

suscon.org/composting-dairy-manure Ryan Flaherty rflaherty@suscon.org